首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
黑水虻含有丰富的蛋白质,其水解后产生的氨基酸及低分子多肽是美拉德反应香精前体物质的优质原料,在与还原糖等加热后可产生强烈的肉香风味,是十分理想的天然香精。通过比较不同pH(5~9)黑水虻蛋白酶解液为底物制备的美拉德产品的褐变程度、游离氨基酸含量、电子鼻响应值和挥发性风味成分后发现:pH在黑水虻蛋白酶解液美拉德反应过程中对于产品风味特征的呈现具有重要作用;黑水虻蛋白酶解液美拉德反应的最适pH为8。在此条件下制备的美拉德风味肽产品香气浓郁,持香时间持久,整体风味良好。  相似文献   

2.
综述芝麻油的组成成分、风味物质和营养功能等研究进展,旨在促进芝麻油风味物质的深入研究,以提升芝麻种植加工的经济效益,加快芝麻油产业发展,为我国芝麻油料资源的产品开发和市场开拓提供科学依据。  相似文献   

3.
酶解法制备草鱼抗氧化多肽工艺的建立   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的:筛选优化合适的可用于水解草鱼蛋白制备活性多肽的蛋白酶制剂及其工艺.方法:选取不同特性来源的商品化蛋白酶制剂与实验室分离的枯草蛋白酶BPN,对比分析它们在水解草鱼蛋白过程中的水解度变化,及其酶解产物的抗氧化活性.结果:大多数蛋白酶在水解反应最初的60min内,水解度迅速增加,之后2h内曲线变化不大.其中细菌来源的水解蛋白酶水解能力最强,其2h水解产物水解度可达15.17%;木瓜蛋白酶水解产物的抗氧化活性较强,经测定其DPPH清除能力为96.24%.结论:不同特性的蛋白酶水解草鱼蛋白的水解速度和产物的活性成分具有明显差异,总的来说,木瓜蛋白酶在草鱼蛋白加工中制备活性多肽是一个比较理想的选择.  相似文献   

4.
牛膝多糖对草鱼免疫和抗氧化功能的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
为探讨在饲料中添加牛膝多糖(ABP)对草鱼免疫和抗氧化功能的影响, 选取平均体重(88.130.76) g的健康草鱼375尾, 随机分成5个处理, 即基础饲料组、0.05 %、0.10 %、0.20 %、0.40 % ABP添加组, 每个处理3个重复, 每个重复25尾鱼, 饲养65 d。结果表明, 在饲料中添加ABP对草鱼头肾体指数影响不显著(P0.05), 对脾体指数影响显著(P0.05), 与对照组相比, 0.05 %、0.10 %、0.20 %和0.40%添加组脾体指数分别增加6.29% (P0.05)、28.00% (P0.05)、9.14%(P0.05)和13.14% (P0.05); 血液中NBT阳性细胞数随着ABP添加量的增加呈增加的趋势, 但各组间差异不显著(P0.05); 在饲料中添加ABP对草鱼血清白蛋白、白介素-1(IL-1)、白介素-6(IL-6)含量和过氧化氢酶活影响不显著(P0.05), 显著影响草鱼血清总蛋白(TP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、溶菌酶(LZM)、-肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及丙二醛(MDA)含量(P0.05)。与对照组相比, 0.40%添加组的TP和AKP分别增加24.64% (P0.05)和33.56% (P0.05); 0.20 %、0.40 %添加组的LZM活力分别增加34.97% (P0.05)和31.21% (P0.05), SOD活力分别增加27.28% (P0.05)和22.41% (P0.05); 饲料中随着ABP添加剂量的增加, 各组血清ACP活性先增加后缓慢下降, MDA含量先下降后上升。与对照组相比, 0.20%、0.40 %添加组ACP活性分别增加15.33% (P0.05)和11.10% (P0.05), 0.05%、0.10 %、0.20 %及0.40%添加组MDA含量分别下降11.97% (P0.05)、21.33% (P0.05)、32.37% (P0.05)和2.53% (P0.05)。饲料中随着ABP添加量的增加, 各组草鱼血清TNF-含量变化规律不明显, 但与对照组相比, 0.20%添加组TNF-含量显著增加(P0.05)。综上所述, 在草鱼基础日粮中添加适量牛膝多糖可以提高草鱼的免疫和抗氧化能力, 建议添加量为0.20%。  相似文献   

5.
中草药复方对草鱼鱼种肠道菌群与血液有形成分的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的探讨中草药复方对鱼种肠道菌群和血液有形成分的影响。方法以草鱼鱼种为动物模型,分别采用平板倾注法和ATB半自动化细菌鉴定法,测定投喂中草药复方药饵前、后鱼种肠道菌群数量及其优势菌群种类。同时使用常规计数法和改良沙利法,测定鱼种血液中红细胞、白细胞和血红蛋白的含量。结果对照组鱼种肠道内的细菌总数为6.6×10^8CFU/g,其优势菌群为气单胞菌、假单胞菌和肠杆菌;投喂2.5%、5.0%和7.5%中草药复方药饵10d后,其肠道内细菌总数均有所减少,分别为3.0×10^7CFU/g、5.0×10^6CFU/g和1.5×10^7CFU/g,其优势菌群为吲哚黄杆菌、产碱假单胞菌和野油菜黄单胞菌。实验组与对照组鱼种的红细胞数量差异无显著性,但白细胞与血红蛋白的含量差异有非常显著性(P〈0.01)。结论以黄连、大黄、金银花、连翘、黄芪和甘草组成的中草药复方对鱼种肠道菌群和血液有形成分均有一定影响,表现出该复方具有较好的免疫抗病作用。  相似文献   

6.
不同品种水稻秸秆的理化特性及酶解产糖的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本研究以不同品种水稻秸秆为原料,测定分析了三大主要组分纤维素、半纤维素和木质素含量及理化特性的差异,并分析对比了经碱预处理后酶解及直接酶解的产糖率差异。利用X-射线衍射仪测定分析了结晶度和晶粒尺寸的异同,红外光谱仪定性评估了特定基团的差异,扫描电镜观察分析了表面形态结构的差异。综合考虑理化特性和酶解产糖率结果,与a(常规水稻黄华占)相比,5种不同品种的超级杂交水稻秸秆中,b(杂交水稻Y两优1)、c(杂交水稻隆两优2010)和f(杂交水稻Y两优143)三个品种的秸秆材料比较适合作为酶解产糖的原材料。  相似文献   

7.
草鱼出血病病毒的生长特性及高滴价培养   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
方勤  柯丽华 《中国病毒学》1989,3(3):315-319
  相似文献   

8.
<正>共轭亚油酸(Conjugated linoleic acid,CLA)是十八碳二烯酸(亚油酸)的同分异构体,其共同特征为两个双键直接通过一个碳-碳单键连接,没有被亚甲基隔开。共轭亚油酸的双  相似文献   

9.
草鱼孵化腺超微结构及孵化酶形成与释放的研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5       下载免费PDF全文
草鱼胚胎孵化腺为单细胞腺体,发生于外胚层,主要分布在胚胎头部及头部与卵黄囊连接处,尤以眼睛腹下方最多且典型。其形成、释放酶的过程具有一定的规律性,可划分为5个时期:形成前期、迁移期、分泌期、衰退期和消失期。畸形胚胎头部表皮细胞中很少有HGC的分化或HGC分化不完全,其形态结构也呈现畸形。  相似文献   

10.
丝素蛋白膜固定β-葡萄糖苷酶及其改良食品风味的研究   总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13  
从黑曲霉发酵液中提取β-葡萄糖苷酶酶液,用丝素蛋白将其固定,探讨酶固定化的影响因素及固定化酶的性质。β-葡萄糖苷酶的固定化条件为:取0.8 Uβ-葡萄糖苷酶与4.0%戊二醛和10%牛血清白蛋白混合(体积比为5:3:2),涂布于1cm2丝素蛋白膜上交联作用8h。在此条件下获得的固定化酶性质为:最适温度为60℃,比游离酶提高10℃;最适pH为5.0;t1/2为75℃,热稳定性比游离酶有明显改善;最佳反应时间为15 min;与游离酶相比,与底物亲和力降低。将固定化酶膜应用于果汁、果酒、茶汁等食品的增香,经感官鉴评,样品间存在显著差异,进一步经色谱一质谱联用仪分析,发现酶解后的样品,原有香气物质有不同程度的增加,4-萜品醇增加了107%、紫苏醇增加了42%,还有三种未知的香气组分分别增加了251%、79%和33%;并有新风味物质——芳樟醇、香叶醇和2-羟基-5-甲基苯乙酮产生,显示了较好增香效果。  相似文献   

11.
  总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
This research focuses on investigating the use of common biofuel grasses to assess their potential as agents of long-term remediation of contaminated soils using lead as a model heavy metal ion. We present evidence demonstrating that switch grass and Timothy grass may be potentially useful for long-term phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils and describe novel techniques to track and remove contaminants from inception to useful product. Enzymatic digestion and thermochemical approaches are being used to convert this lignocellulosic feedstock into useful product (sugars, ethanol, biocrude oil + biochar). Preliminary studies on enzymatic hydrolysis and fast pyrolysis of the Switchgrass materials that were grown in heavy metal contaminated soil and non-contaminated soils show that the presence of lead in the Switchgrass material feedstock does not adversely affect the outcomes of the conversion processes. These results indicate that the modest levels of contaminant uptake allow these grass species to serve as phytoremediation agents as well as feedstocks for biofuel production in areas degraded by industrial pollution.  相似文献   

12.
Conformational changes in proteins are fundamental to all biological functions. In protein science, the concept of protein flexibility is widely used to describe protein dynamics and thermodynamic properties that control protein conformational changes. In this study, we show that urea, which has strong sedative potency, can be administered to fish at high concentrations, and that protein functional changes related to anesthesia induction can be measured in vivo. Ctenopharyngodon idellus (the grass carp) has two different types of N-methyl d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, urea-insensitive and urea-sensitive, which are responsible for the heat endurance of fish. The urea-sensitive NMDA receptor showed high protein flexibility, the gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor showed less flexibility, and the protein that is responsible for ethanol anesthesia showed the lowest flexibility. The results suggest that an increase in protein flexibility underlies the fundamental biophysical mechanisms of volatile general anesthetics.  相似文献   

13.
葡萄酒中重要挥发性硫化物的代谢及基因调控   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
葡萄酒中的挥发性硫化物是由酿酒微生物在葡萄酒发酵过程中代谢所产生的,主要包括硫化氢、硫醇、硫醚、硫醇酯、含硫杂醇油及杂环化合物等,它们对葡萄酒的风味会产生重要影响。本综述介绍了葡萄酒中重要的挥发性硫化物的主要代谢途径及相关基因的调控机制,并提出酿酒微生物的相关研究是提高优良风味物质含量,同时抑制不良风味产生的有效途径。  相似文献   

14.
采用固相微萃取-气相色谱联用质谱法分析黄酒中的挥发性和半挥发性成分,对萃取时间、萃取温度、预热时间、酒样添加量、盐添加量、解析时间等条件参数进行了优化,最终确定最佳条件为采用50/30 μm DVB/CAR/PDMS萃取头,在20 mL顶空瓶中,加入6 mL黄酒样和2.0 g NaCl,萃取温度60℃,预热时间15 min,萃取时间30 min,解析温度250℃,解析时间6 min。本方法简单快速,干扰少,灵敏度高。  相似文献   

15.
    
Abstract

Lentil is one of the most produced and consumed legumes in the world and has special relevance in the human nutrition because it is a source of several nutrients and minerals, as well as natural antioxidants. The bioactive compounds from vegetal matrices are often complexed with cell wall components, and it is necessary to study the most appropriate process conditions to extract them. In this context, a central composite rotatable design with 17 assays was used to evaluate the effect of the following independent variables on the antioxidant properties of lentil extracts: enzymes proportion (%) (protease:cellulase), pH and temperature. The hydrolysis process performed using a combination of Flavourzyme (0.7% v:v) and Celluclast (0.3% v:v), temperature incubation of 55 °C and pH 5.5, was defined as the most suitable condition for the extraction of antioxidant compounds from lentils. Under these conditions, increases of 18%, 108% and 226% were detected in the antioxidant properties evaluated by DPPH Radical Scavenging, ABTS Scavenging Capacity and Reduction Power Assay, respectively, compared to the control samples (non-hydrolyzed lentils).  相似文献   

16.
    
This study investigated the changes induced on nylon 6,6 fabric by a mixture of proteolytic and lipolytic enzymes. Technical measurements were studied including those of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), weight loss (WL), bending lengths (BL), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), moisture absorbency (MA), and reflectance spectroscopy (RS). For this purpose, nylon 6,6 fabrics were treated separately with different concentrations of protease and lipase mixtures in solution. The dyeing process was then carried out on the treated fabrics with two reactive and acid dyes. The intensity of major peaks in the FTIR spectra of the protease-treated samples is in favor of chemical changes the polypeptide functional groups in the fabrics. Thermal studies also show a significant decrease in the thermal degradation temperature of the treated polymer at temperatures higher than 400°C. The protease and lipase mixtures decreased the sample weight, while lipase intensified the weight loss comparing with protease. It was observed that the concentration of lipase enzyme had a direct influence on the darkness of dyed samples.  相似文献   

17.
病毒感染的草鱼细胞产生类干扰素物质的研究   总被引:14,自引:1,他引:14  
  相似文献   

18.
It is shown that in the presence of crude PPL (Sigma type II) carbonic acid diesters ent-2 can be hydrolyzed enantioselectively. In contrast to hydrolysis of carboxylic esters working under pH-stat conditions is not necessary anymore. Vice versa, the enantioselective acylation of glycidol with carbonic acid derivatives, e.g. carbonic acid anhydrides, proceeds less selectively.  相似文献   

19.
草鱼、鲢和瓦氏黄颡鱼幼鱼感应流速的比较   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
在21±1℃水温下,使用自行制作的鱼类游泳行为测试槽,采用流速递增的方法测定了草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)(体长9.64±3.12 cm,体重20.97±16.71 g)、鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)(体长10.60±3.45 cm,体重24.37±18.61 g)和瓦氏黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus vachelli)(体长11.54±1.46 cm,体重20.98±6.94 g)幼鱼个体的感应流速.结果表明:草鱼、鲢和瓦氏黄颡鱼幼鱼的感应流速分别是(8.21±0.68)、(6.74±0.84)和(33.11±3.06) cm·s-1,相对感应流速分别是(0.91±0.22)、(0.67±0.15)和(2.9±0.29) BL·s-1;鲢和草鱼幼鱼的感应流速差异不显著(P>0.05),但瓦氏黄颡鱼比草鱼和鲢幼鱼感应流速大近4倍,差异显著(P<0.05);因此,草鱼和鲢幼鱼较瓦氏黄颡鱼幼鱼对流速的感应更敏感.本实验结果可为设计鱼道、确定拖网速度等提供一定的科学指导.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号