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1.
产α-淀粉酶菌株的分离、鉴定及酶学性质研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的:筛选高产α-淀粉酶菌株,为工业生产α-淀粉酶提供储备菌株。方法:利用碘液显色法和摇瓶发酵法,从土壤中筛选产α-淀粉酶菌株;通过菌落形态、菌体特征观察和16S rDNA序列比对对菌种进行鉴定;发酵粗酶液经硫酸铵沉淀、透析脱盐后,对其酶学性质进行初步研究。结果:从土壤中筛选到一株高产α-淀粉酶菌株,枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillus subtilis XL-15。该菌株所产α-淀粉酶的最适反应温度为50℃,最适作用pH为6.5;Ca2 和Mn2 对酶有激活作用,而Cu2 、Zn2 和EDTA对酶有抑制作用;酶的动力学研究测出米氏常数Km值为1.726mg/mL。结论:该菌株是产α-淀粉酶的较好材料,且具有一定的应用前景。  相似文献   

2.
[目的]从新疆石河子市一处碱性工业污水(pH11.0)分离﹑鉴定高产碱性淀粉酶菌株,并对其所产酶酶学特性进行研究.[方法]在碱性淀粉酶分离培养基上对所分离菌株进行筛选,分离到一株高产碱性淀粉酶菌株,并将其编号XJU-3.应用生理生化试验,脂肪酸含量,16S rDNA序列以及(G C) mol%含量等方法对菌株进行鉴定,同时对XJU-3所产碱性淀粉酶的生物学特性进行研究.[结果] XJU-3可在pH4.0~12.5的LB培养基上生长,最适生长温度37℃.16S rDNA序列构建的系统进化树表明XJU-3与Bacillus flexus类聚在一起,且序列同源性为99%.该菌产生的淀粉酶最适pH10.0,最适温度40℃,且在pH9.0~13.0内有较高活性和稳定性.Co2 和Mg2 能明显提高酶的活性.[结论] XJU-3被鉴定为Bacillus flexus,由于XJU-3与B. flexus DSM 1320T在尿素水解和优势脂肪酸含量上有差异,且具有宽范围pH耐受性,因此XJU-3被认为是B.flexus的一个新菌株.XJU-3所产的碱性淀粉酶酶学特性良好,具有极大的工业应用潜力.  相似文献   

3.
从南极普里兹湾深海沉积物中筛选到一株产低温脂肪酶的菌株7195,细菌学形态鉴定及16S rDNA序列分析表明该菌株属于嗜冷杆菌属 (Psychrobacter). 生长特性研究表明该菌株属于耐冷菌,其最适生长温度范围为5~15°C, 7195菌株能利用多种碳、氮源产酶.粗酶液经硫酸铵盐析、DEAE cellulose-52 柱层析进行初步分离纯化后进行酶学性质的研究. 该菌株所分泌的脂肪酶最适作用温度为30°C,最适pH值为9.0,对热敏感,60°C热处理10min剩余酶活为30%,是典型的低温酶. Ca2+、Mn2+、Cu2+对该酶有较为明显的激活作用,而Co2+、Zn2+、Hg2+、Rb2+、Cd2+、Fe3+、EDTA则能抑制酶活,此外该脂肪酶能在高浓度的SDS、CHAPS、Triton X-100、Tween 80、Tween20等变性剂中表现出较好的稳定性.  相似文献   

4.
耐酸耐热α-淀粉酶高产菌株选育的初步研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的:从长期高温堆放的富含淀粉质的土壤里筛选高产α-淀粉酶的菌株并对及产酶条件和酶学性质进行研究。方法:采用平板筛选法获得目的菌株,用观察形态和基因组16S基因序列分析相结合的方法进行鉴定,通过单因素和正交实验确定最适产酶条件,并提取粗酶液研究酶反应条件。结果:得到高产α-淀粉酶的菌株Bacillussp.I15,最适产酶条件为:初始pH6.0,40℃培养时间36h。该酶最适反应温度为70℃,且具强耐热性,100℃下相对酶活性仍保持在78%以上;热稳定性高,且无Ca^2+依赖性,100℃温育1h,酶活仍能保持66%;最适反应pH为7.0,且具有广谱耐酸性,在pH3.0~7.0之间相对酶活性均能保持在到67%以上。结论:Bacillussp.I15可高产耐热耐酸α-淀粉酶,具有良好的应用前景。  相似文献   

5.
【背景】低温β-半乳糖苷酶能在低温下仍保持较高的乳糖水解活性,筛选酶学特性适合在牛乳体系中高效水解乳糖的β-半乳糖苷酶生产菌株,是低乳糖牛乳加工产业关注的焦点。【目的】对天山中国一号冰川沉积物中分离的一株产低温β-半乳糖苷酶菌株的产酶条件和酶学特性进行研究。【方法】结合X-Gal平板法初筛和测定粗酶液酶活复筛,获得产低温β-半乳糖苷酶的菌株。通过形态学、生理生化试验及16S rRNA基因测序分析对筛选菌株进行鉴定,单因素摇瓶实验优化菌株的产酶条件,硫酸铵分级沉淀初步纯化β-半乳糖苷酶并对其酶学特性进行分析。【结果】通过形态学、生理生化特征和16S rRNA基因鉴定,确定菌株LW106为微杆菌属(Microbacterium)菌株;该菌株最适产酶温度为25°C,最佳产酶碳源为可溶性淀粉,培养基初始pH为7.0,接种量为3%;对初步纯化的低温β-半乳糖苷酶酶学性质的研究表明,LW106所产β-半乳糖苷酶的最适pH为6.0,最适反应温度为35°C,4°C时酶活为最大酶活的78%,4°C和pH 7.0时的稳定性最好,10 mmol/L的Na+对酶活性基本没有抑制作用,Ca~(2+)对酶活性具有一定的激活作用。【结论】菌株LW106所产低温β-半乳糖苷酶的酶学特性表明该酶在乳品低温加工领域具有进一步研究和应用的价值。  相似文献   

6.
【目的】从海洋样品中分离筛选出产葡萄糖氧化酶菌株。【方法】采用双层平板筛选法进行初筛、复筛确定一株酶活较好的菌株,命名为GOD2(Glucose oxidase)。通过形态学、生理生化特征及16S rRNA基因序列分析研究其分类地位,并对其产生的葡萄糖氧化酶进行分离纯化和部分酶学性质的研究。【结果】细菌GOD2为产葡萄糖氧化酶菌株且遗传稳定,初步鉴定该菌株为假单胞杆菌(Pseudomonas migulae),其所产酶最适反应温度为20°C,热稳定性较差,40°C剩余相对酶活80%;超过40°C酶活力迅速下降。【结论】GOD2是一株极具研究价值的产低温葡萄糖氧化酶菌株。目前没有关于利用该菌生产葡萄糖氧化酶的报道。  相似文献   

7.
低温生淀粉糖化酶菌株RS01分离及其酶学性质   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
自渤海湾海泥中分离得到一株产低温生淀粉糖化酶能力较强的菌株RS01,经形态学、生理生化特性及16S rRNA分析将其鉴定为气单胞菌属。对该菌株产的低温生淀粉糖化酶酶学性质进行初步研究,结果表明其最适酶反应温度为30℃,酶的热稳定性比较差,最适pH为5.4,经TLC鉴定酶解产物中有葡萄糖,表明该分离菌株具有产低温生淀粉糖化酶的能力。  相似文献   

8.
产低温纤维素酶放线菌的筛选、鉴定及酶学性质初步研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
从青藏高原采集的牦牛粪中,经过CMC平板分离得到一株产低温纤维素酶能力较强的放菌Tibet-YD5227-2,经16S rDNA序列比对分析将其初步鉴定为链霉菌属(Streptomyces sp.),目前尚无链霉菌产低温纤维素酶的研究报道。Tibet-YD5227-2液体摇瓶培养产生低温CMC酶活力高达145U/mL,最适产酶温度25℃,最适产酶pH值为8.0。酶学性质初步研究显示,Tibet-YD5227-2产生的CMC酶反应温度以35℃左右为适,反应的pH值以8.0左右为适,该菌株所产的纤维素酶在中碱性条件具有较强的稳定性;K+、Fe2+、Mg2+对酶反应有促进作用,Hg2+、Cu2+对酶反应有抑制作用。  相似文献   

9.
利用固体淀粉筛选培养基,从安阳市郊区面粉厂附近的土壤里分离筛选出1株产淀粉酶的菌株,编号为MF-3-2.经过菌株形态、革兰氏染色、16S rDNA鉴定及系统进化树分析,初步确定其为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis).摇瓶培养后对其酶学性质研究发现,该菌株淀粉酶的最适温度为65℃,最适pH值为6.0,在pH值4.8~6.0范围内仍能残余70%以上的酶活力.该菌株的最适生长温度为40℃,最适生长pH值为6.5.产酶条件优化结果表明:最适碳源为马铃薯淀粉,最适氮源为豆粕粉,最适碳氮比为1∶15,发酵温度30℃,发酵pH值6.0,装液量10%,种龄10h,接种量5%,转速200 r/min,48 h达到产酶高峰.通过发酵产酶条件优化,其淀粉酶活性达到86.8 U/mL,是优化前的35倍.另外,在酸性条件下还具有较好的活性.因此,该菌株的淀粉酶具有潜在的工业应用前景.  相似文献   

10.
目的:从运城盐湖中分离获得中度嗜盐菌,并对其进行分离鉴定及酶学特性研究.方法:采用淀粉底物平板法获得高产胞外淀粉酶的嗜盐菌株LY9.16S rRNA序列分析,结合形态学和生理生化特征分析对其进行分类鉴定.研究不同物理化学因素对淀粉酶活性的影响.结果:系统发育分析表明该菌为Halobacillus属成员,鉴定并命名为Halobacillus sp.LY9,为中度嗜盐菌.该淀粉酶最适作用温度和pH值分别为60℃和8.0,同时在较宽pH范围内(4.0~12.0)保持高活力,表现出了较强的抗酸碱能力.Cu2+可明显抑制该酶活性,其它金属离子则基本无影响;该酶不受EDTA的抑制,表明该酶不属于金属蛋白酶,但SDS却能使酶活明显降低.结论:LY9的分离鉴定及其淀粉酶特性研究对促进运城盐湖生物资源的开发利用具有重要意义.  相似文献   

11.
分离得到1株产生淀粉酶的菌株,通过扩增和测定16S rDNA序列并进行比对,发现是Paenibacillus属的细菌。液体摇瓶发酵结束后,其产生的生淀粉酶比酶活达108.5U/mL。通过饱和(NH4)2SO4沉淀、Sephacryl S-300层析的方法对其所产的生淀粉酶进行分离纯化,得到纯化的酶蛋白比酶活为5112.04U/mg,纯化倍数为14.1,相对分子质量约为1.0×105。该酶以木薯生淀粉为底物时,最适pH5.6,最适温度50℃。金属离子Ca2+、Mg2+对该酶具有激活作用,Zn2+、Cu2+、Fe2+、Ni2+、Mn2+、Co2+和EDTA2-对该酶均具有抑制作用。  相似文献   

12.
The aim of this work was to optimize the cultural and production parameters using statistical approach to the synthesis of cold-active beta amylase by Streptomyces MIUG 4 Alga in submerged fermentation (SmF). The process parameters influencing the enzyme production were identified using the Plackett-Burman design. Among the various parameters screened, the concentrations of glycerol, starch, and yeast extract were the most significant. The optimum levels of these significant parameters determined employing the response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite design (CCD) were as follows: glycerol (4.00%), starch (2.00%) and yeast extract (0.5%). By using the optimal fermentation medium! the cold-active beta amylase production was increased up to 246.62 AU, an approximate 2.6-fold improvement over the previous production (93.32 AU) with un-optimized medium. This is the first report on production of cold-active beta amylase by psychrotrophic Streptomyces sp. The present study indicates that the cold-adapted extracellular beta amylase of Streptomyces MIUG 4 Alga may have considerable potential for industrial application owing to its properties.  相似文献   

13.
目的:对从新疆精河地区一处工业污水中分离得到的一株产碱性脂肪酶细菌进行研究.方法:通过生理生化检测,16SrDNA序列同源性分析和G+Cmol%含量的测定对命名为XJU-13的这株菌进行鉴定.结果:该菌株可在pH 3.0~12.5的广泛酸碱泛围的营养肉汤培养基中生长.最适生长温度为37℃.基于16S rDNA序列同源性构建系统进化树分析表明与Bacillus pumilus clone B257聚在同一亚分枝,序列相似性达100%.数据证明XJU-13属于Bacillus pumilus.由于在氧化酶反应及淀粉水解实验与伯杰氏鉴定手册有差异,具不可比拟的pH耐受性,且脂肪酸含量与参考菌株差异较大,认为这是Bacillus pumilus中的一个新品系.该菌株产生的脂肪酶最适pH为10,最适温度为35℃,且在广泛pH(pH4-10)范围具稳定性.酶活可被Mg2+、K+、Ba2+、Pb+盐强烈抑制,被Ca2+、Cu2+、Al+及Fe2+盐激活.Zn2+对酶活无影响.结论:实验表明,XJU-13应属于B.pumilus.B.pumilus XJu-13中分离到的碱性脂肪酶有很好的特性及潜能,以期为工业应用提供数据.  相似文献   

14.
Abstract

Truffles are symbiotic hypogeous edible fungi (form of mushroom) that form filamentous mycelia in their initial phase of the growth cycle as well as a symbiotic association with host plant roots. In the present study, Tuber maculatum mycelia were isolated and tested for extracellular amylase production at different pH on solid agar medium. Furthermore, the mycelium was subjected to submerged fermentation for amylase production under different culture conditions such as variable carbon sources and their concentrations, initial medium pH, and incubation time. The optimized conditions after the experiments included soluble starch (0.5% w/v), initial medium pH of 7.0, and incubation time of 7 days, at room temperature (22?±?2?°C) under static conditions which resulted in 1.41?U/mL of amylase. The amylase thus obtained was further characterized for its biocatalytic properties and found to have an optimum activity at pH 5.0 and a temperature of 50?°C. The enzyme showed good thermostability at 50?°C by retaining 98% of the maximal activity after 100?min of incubation. The amylase activity was marginally enhanced in presence of Cu2+ and Na+ and slightly reduced by K+, Ca2+, Fe2+, Mg2+, Co2+, Zn2+, and Mn2+ ions at 1?mM concentration.  相似文献   

15.
Both protein kinase C and Ca2+ may act in concert to bring about activation of secretion. This study examined the actions on pancreatic acini of ionomycin and phorbol dibutyrate, which selectively stimulate one or the other of these pathways; their stimulatory effects were compared with those of receptor agonists, such as carbachol and caerulein, which activate phospholipase C. The Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin produced a dose-dependent increase in amylase secretion and intracellular free Ca2+ (as measured by quin-2). The increase in amylase secretion elicited by carbachol or caerulein was accompanied by a small sustained increase in intracellular free Ca2+, following an initial peak. However, the elevation in intracellular free Ca2+ produced by these receptor agonists for a given level of amylase secretion was less than that observed with ionomycin. Phorbol dibutyrate stimulated amylase secretion by a mechanism that was independent of extracellular Ca2+, and no change in intracellular free Ca2+ was observed. Synergistic stimulatory effects of phorbol dibutyrate and ionomycin were observed, whether the phorbol ester was present before, or in combination with, ionomycin. Diacylglycerols containing unsaturated fatty acids (1,2-dioleoylglycerol and 1,3-dioleoylglycerol) also stimulated amylase secretion and exhibited synergistic effects on secretion with ionomycin. These findings suggest that complete activation of amylase secretion from the pancreas requires stimulation of both Ca2+-dependent and protein kinase C-activated pathways.  相似文献   

16.
A bacterium that secretes maltooligosaccharide-forming amylase in a medium containing 12.5% (vol/vol) dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) was isolated and identified as Brachybacterium sp. strain LB25. The amylase of the strain was purified from the culture supernatant, and its molecular mass was 60 kDa. The enzyme was stable at pH 7.0–8.5 and active at pH 6.0–7.5. The optimum temperature at pH 7.0 was 35°C in the presence of 5 mM CaCl2. The enzyme hydrolyzed starch to produce maltotriose primarily. The enzyme was active in the presence of various organic solvents. Its yield and product selectivity of maltooligosaccharides in the presence of DMSO or ethanol were compared with those of the industrial maltotriose-forming amylase from Microbacterium imperiale. Both enzymes improved the production selectivity of maltotriose by the addition of DMSO or ethanol. However, the total maltooligosaccharide yield in the presence of the solvents was higher for LB25 amylase than for M. imperiale amylase.  相似文献   

17.
Two distinct alpha-amylases have been identified in Toxoplasma gondii. They were purified close to homogeneity from cytoplasmic and membrane fractions. The apparent molecular weight of the cytoplasmic amylase was 22,300 Da and that of the membrane enzyme was 39,600 Da by gel filtration, and 25,000 and 41,000 Da by SDS gel electrophoresis, respectively. The physicochemical and catalytic properties of both enzymes showed them to be very different. Cytoplasmic alpha-amylase had an acid isoelectric point and its optimum pH was pH 5.0; its activity was unaffected by NaCl, Ca2+, or EDTA. The membrane alpha-amylase had an isoelectric point of 7.7 and an optimum pH of 8.0. It was affected by Ca2+, inhibited by EDTA, and activated eight-fold by NaCl. Both amylases were inactivated by temperatures above 65 degrees C, but cytoplasmic amylase was more resistant to thermal denaturation.  相似文献   

18.
A newly isolated, anaerobic, mesophillic bacterium, Clostridium sp. strain YK-3, ferments pentoses, hexoses, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, such as soluble starch and glycogen, to ethanol and acetate. The potential of this strain for ethanol and amylase production has been examined. Ethanol was the major product and acetate a minor one. The organism could grow with soluble starch in the presence of 40 g ethanol/l. Extracellular -amylase activity was detected when the strain was cultivated with soluble starch, glycogen or dextrin. The optimum pH of this amylase was 5.5 to 7.5 with an optimum temperature of 50°C.The authors are with the Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka 997, Japan.  相似文献   

19.
嗜热菌来源的生淀粉酶分离纯化及其酶学性质   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
从嗜热菌库中分离到两株能水解生淀粉的菌株173和174,通过扩增和测定两株菌的16S rDNA序列并进行比对结果表明,所分离两株菌属于Geobacillus属的细菌.液体摇瓶发酵菌株173、174,其产生的生淀粉酶(简称RSDE173、RSDE174)活力分别达14.5 U/mL和12.9 U/mL.通过生淀粉吸附-熟淀粉洗脱系统和TOYOPEARL HW-55F系统进行分离纯化,得到纯化的RSDE173和RSDE174,纯化倍数分别为50和29,活力回收率分别为34%和41%.有关RSDE173和RSDE174酶学性质研究显示.对熟淀粉水解的最适作用温度均为70℃,而对生淀粉水解则分别在50℃~60℃和40℃~60℃下表现出高水解活力;对不同底物的最适作用pH值均为5.0~5.5;它们对大多数试验离子的敏感性较低,但个别离子如Co2 、Cu'2 对RSDE173或u'2 对RSDE174的酶活力有一定的抑制作用.纯化的这两种生淀粉酶对不同来源生淀粉的底物专一性并不相同.RSDE173底物专一性顺序为红薯淀粉>小麦淀粉>玉米淀粉>木薯淀粉>糯米淀粉;而RSDE174的糯米淀粉>小麦淀粉>红薯淀粉>玉米淀粉>木薯淀粉.RSDE173对生红薯淀粉有很好的降解,其水解糊化淀粉与生红薯淀粉的比值为1.48;而RSDE174优先降解生糯米淀粉,其相应比值为1.69.  相似文献   

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