骨骼肌M蛋抗血清的制备及正常人骨骼肌M蛋白的免疫电镜定位

分别制备了兔抗人Ｍ蛋白（Ｂ成分）抗血清和兔抗人Ｃ成分＾［１］抗血清。用蛋白Ａ－胶体金作标记物,对经Ｌｏｗｉｃｒｙ１Ｋ４Ｍ低温包埋的人骨骼肌超薄切片中Ｍ蛋白和分子量１４００００的Ｃ成分进行免疫电镜定位。发现Ｍ蛋白分布于整个Ｍ线,而Ｃ成分虽然也集中于Ｍ线以内,但主要分布于Ｍ线内的边缘区域。     

基因免疫和蛋白免疫制备抗P16抗血清

蛋白免疫,是传统的抗体制备法,基因免疫是新型的抗体制备法。为了制备抗这Ｐ１６抗血甭以及比较基因免疫和蛋白免疫制备抗体,分别以融合谷胱甘肽２－转移酶－Ｐ１６５和克隆有ｐ１６肿瘤抑制基因相关ｃＤＮＡ的裸露真核表达载体ｐＣＭＶ－ｐ１６经皮内多点注射接种家兔,制备抗Ｐ１６抗血清,Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ印迹法检测到蛋白免疫的抗Ｐ１６抗血清滴度为１：６２５,明显高于基因免疫制备的Ｐ１６抗血清滴度。     

人蛋白二硫键异构酶的纯化及其抗血清制备

人蛋白二硫键异构酶的纯化及其抗血清制备吴秉毅,冯桂湘,吕静,张帆,冯永清,王福琴（第一军医大学珠江医院广州５１０２８０）关键词蛋白二硫键异构酶,分离与纯化,抗血清制备二硫键在维持蛋白质的空间结构、生物学活性中起重要作用。二硫键的形成是蛋白质翻译后修饰...     

稻曲病菌毒素的活性测定、抗体制备与细胞定位

稻曲病菌在PD 液体培养基中生长良好,并能产生对植物细胞具有高度生物抑制活性的毒素。生物学活性测定袁明,用100%的甲醇能提取稻曲病菌液体培养物中的粗毒素。粗毒素对小麦胚根胚芽的生长有强烈的抑制作用。把毒素主要成分Ustiloxin A 和BSA 偶联后,制备了抗血清,ELISA 检测表明用两种偶联剂偶联所制备的抗体效价分别为1∶20000和1∶6000。进一步的免疫胶体金标记分析表明,所制备的抗体能与茼丝中分泌的毒素特异性结合,说明所获得的抗体是特异性的。     

Mr33000锰稳定蛋白的分离及其抗血清的制备

IS0lntiollofMr33000Mallgllll－StsbilizillgPilot6illslidPffp888tiollofAll－tiserumLIShiChong,DULin－Fang（Denytl7wftl寸Bkhm,Sicbol／nunz巾i1Wrsz‘B,ck呷曲610064）Mr33000锰稳定蛋白是植物光系统1（to且）中3种水溶性的外周多肽之一。据报道r‘,它参加与水裂解相关的锰复合物的稳定,由于它的去除致使锰复合物变得不稳定,并且失锰后影响Mr33000蛋白的结合［’j。而编码Mr33000蛋白的poO基因缺失突变的蓝藻则表现出异常缓慢的光异养生长速率,这是Mr33000去除后,PS！稳定性和功能受破坏所致＊a。体外从PS五颗粒…     

人骨骼肌M蛋白的提取与纯化

依据Ｔｒｉｎｉｃｋ－Ｅｐｐｅｎｂｅｒｇｅｒ对鸡骨骼肌Ｍ蛋白的提取方法,由人骨骼肌中得到的Ｍ蛋白粗提物除含分子量为１６５０００的Ｍ蛋白外,还含有分子量为１８５０００和１４００００（Ｃ成分）的两组分。由于在粗提物中未发现分子量为９００００的磷酸化酶,我们将最终纯化步骤中的亲和层析改为制备电泳,同样获得了纯化的Ｍ蛋白。     

视黄醇结合蛋白的分离纯化及其抗血清的制备

建立了经硫酸铵分级、DEAE-Sephadex A25柱、Sephadex G200柱、Ultrogel ACA44柱和 Sephadex G100柱层析分离纯化人血浆视黄醇结合蛋白的方法.经SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳鉴定,其纯度达到电泳纯.以此电泳纯的视黄醇结合蛋白免疫家兔得到了高效价的抗血清.     

人骨骼肌M蛋白的提取与纯化

依据Ｔｒｉｎｉｃｋ－Ｅｐｐｅｎｂｅｒｇｅｒ对鸡骨骼肌Ｍ蛋白的提取方法,由人骨骼肌中得到的Ｍ蛋白粗提物除含分子量为１６５０００的Ｍ蛋白外,还含有分子量为１８５０００和１４００００（Ｃ成分）的两组分。由于在粗提物中未发现分子量为９００００的磷酸化酶,我们将最终纯化步骤中的亲和层析改为制备电泳,同样获得了纯化的Ｍ蛋白。     

番木瓜乳管结构及木瓜蛋白酶的免疫电镜研究

采用免疫细胞化学方法, 以透射电镜观察, 对番木瓜（Ｃａｒｉｃａ ｐａｐａｙａ Ｌ．）乳管分化及木瓜蛋白酶生成的超微结构环境进行了研究。实验结果表明：１．正在分化的乳管细胞内质网分泌旺盛, 线粒体和聚核糖体非常丰富; 之后细胞器逐渐解体, 内质网断裂、膨胀, 细胞壁多处穿孔; 经过内膜系统的重新组合, 成熟乳管被小泡充满, 小泡内有无定形物质凝聚, 已经没有任何细胞器残留, 但原生质膜一直存在。２．经过纯化的兔抗ｃｈｙｍ ｏｐａｐａｉｎ ＩｇＧ 为第一抗体, 羊抗兔ＩｇＧ－金复合物（１０ ｎｍ 直径）为间接抗体, 进行适当的免疫标记反应, 发现金颗粒主要在乳管细胞内, 附近的薄壁细胞及导管只是偶尔出现金标, 说明免疫标记的特异性较强, 通过各种对照试验, 证明了非特异性吸附相当微弱。显示木瓜蛋白酶的原初生成部位是正在分化的乳管细胞的内质网, 它暂时贮存于分泌泡, 随乳管的发育和乳汁其它成分一起被“组装”为乳汁小泡而充满成熟乳管     

Localisation of a carbohydrate epitope recognised by human IgE in pollen of Cupressaceae

The objectives of the present study were: (1) to localise, at the subcellular level, the allergens in pollen of Cupressaceae species, using a monoclonal antibody (mAb 5E6) that is specific for carbohydrate epitopes of allergenic components of Cupressus arizonica pollen extract; (2) to determine whether the glycidic epitope recognised by mAb 5E6 was present in pollen of allergenic species taxonomically unrelated to Cupressaceae; and (3) to determine whether human IgE purified from monosensitive patients recognises the same epitope as mAb 5E6 in Cupressaceae pollen. Immunogold labelling of mAb 5E6 showed a high density of gold particles on the orbicules, supporting the hypothesis that they are important vectors of allergens. A high density was also found on the exine and in the cytoplasm, with the latter finding confirming that fragments of pollen ruptured under humid conditions can represent a vector. The glycidic epitope recognised by mAb 5E6 was detected in all of the species taxonomically unrelated to Cupressaceae, although with varying density. Human IgE recognised the same epitope as mAb 5E6. These findings are consistent with observations of diffuse allergenic cross-reactivity among various allergens. The in situ localisation of a common epitope recognised by both a monoclonal antibody and human IgE could be of importance in immunotherapy.     

Ultrastructural and nuclear antigen preservation after high-pressure freezing/freeze-substitution and low-temperature LR White embedding of HeLa cells

A protocol for high-pressure freezing and LR White embedding of mammalian cells suitable for fine ultrastructural studies in combination with immunogold labelling is presented. HeLa S3 cells enclosed in low-temperature gelling agarose were high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted in acetone, and embedded in LR White at 0°C. The morphology of such cells and the preservation of nuclear antigens were excellent in comparison with chemically fixed cells embedded in the same resin. The immunolabelling signal for different nuclear antigens was 4-to-13 times higher in high-pressure frozen than in chemically fixed cells. We conclude that one can successfully use high-pressure freezing/freeze-substitution and LR White embedding as an alternative of Lowicryl resins.     

Ultrastructure of islet ghrelin cells in the human fetus

Ghrelin is a peptide hormone predominantly produced in the stomach. Ghrelin expression has also been reported in other tissues including the pancreas. We have reported that ghrelin cells constitute a novel endocrine cell type in the human and the developing rat islets. The cells are most numerous pre- and neonatally and, in humans, constitute 10% of all islet cells from mid-gestation to birth. Since gastric ghrelin expression is low before birth, the islets may be the main source of circulating ghrelin during this time. In the present investigation, we have performed an ultrastructural analysis of pancreatic ghrelin cells in human fetuses by using transmission electron microscopy and immunogold labelling. In addition, morphometrical analysis of secretory granules size was performed. Our data provide evidence for the unique ultrastructural features of ghrelin cells versus other islet cells. Notably, the secretory granules of ghrelin cells were of small size with a mean dense-core diameter of 110 nm. We conclude that ghrelin cells constitute a novel islet cell type, distinct from the previously hormonally characterised islet cell types.This work was supported by grants from the Swedish Medical Research Council (Project No. 4499), the Royal Physiographic Society and the Novo Nordic, Påhlsson and Gyllenstiernska Krapperup Foundations     

两种病毒侵染中国对虾后细胞超微病理学变化与免疫标记

应用电子显微技术研究人工感染的中国对虾病毒病原及其宿主细胞超微病理学变化。结果显示病虾体内存在球状与杆状两种病毒病原,有时在同一病虾组织的同一细胞中可见两种病毒同时侵染现象,该现象提示存在复合感染的可能。利用胶体金免疫标记技术对感染病虾细胞质中出现的球状病毒作定位标记,初步结果表明已分离提纯的球状病毒与感染病虾细胞质中观察到的病毒粒子性质基本相同。病毒侵染后,细胞内主要的细胞器如线粒体、内质网、核糖体均发生了显著变化;侵染后期,可见溶酶体及多种膜性结构大量增生、细胞核被一些微管样结构包裹等特殊变化的发生。     

Colocalization of vasoactive substances in the endothelial cells of human umbilical vessels

Human umbilical vessels are unique in lacking any innervation; thus endothelial cells may play the major role in local control and regulation of the blood flow. In the present study, we examined ultrathin sections of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells and tissue preparations of umbilical vein and artery, immunostained by the post-embedding colloidal gold double-labelling technique. We observed colocalization of atrial natriuretic peptide and neuropeptide Y, as well as colocalization of atrial natriuretic peptide and neuropeptide Y with other vasoactive substances, namely, vasoactive intestinal peptide, substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide and arginine vasopressin. The functional significance of the colocalization of these vasoactive substances in the human umbilical vessel endothelial cells is discussed.     

Esterases in pollen and stigma of Brassica

The dry type stigma of Brassica is covered with a continuous layer of cuticle. Cutinase and non-specific esterases may be involved in breakdown of this cuticle barrier during pollen-stigma interaction, but only a little is known about their nature and characteristics. We report here the presence of two distinct esterases from stigma and pollen of Brassica. A 33 kD esterase assayed using MU-butyrate substrate shows high activity in stigma papillae. A similar esterase from Tropaeolum pollen has been shown to possess active cutinase activity. The esterase activity in anther tissue is due to a 24 kD enzyme with substrate specificity toward acetate esters. Both enzymes require sulfhydryl groups for their catalytic activity. Immunogold labelling of antibodies raised against these esterases localised the proteins at the subcellular level. Antibodies for MU-butyrate hydrolase gave a positive signal in the cell walls of mature stigma papillae and in the tapetum and microspores during early stages of anther development. In the mature anther, a positive signal in the cytoplasm of pollen grains with some detectable localisation in the exine layer of the pollen wall was obtained. Similar results were obtained with acetate hydrolase antibodies. These esterases are thus spatially and temporally regulated in stigma and anther tissues.Abbreviations MU methyl umbelliferyl - pAbC anti-butyrate hydrolase polyclonal antibodies - pAbE anti-acetate hydrolase polyclonal antibodies