吸虫器

在调查储粮害虫中,过去都用摄子、毛笔、瓶子扣的采集方法,所得标本经常断头、缺足、破翅、拆掉触角等情况。我库在江苏省南京粮食学校、郑州工学院粮油工业系的协助下,制成了一种吸虫器。经过实际使用,所采集的储粮害虫及其天敌的个体,完整率达到98.7％,大大提高了查虫和采集标本的工作效率。 一、吸虫器的结构(图1) 1.风机 按8-18-12 No 5,全部尺寸缩小到 1/10制造。叶轮尺寸见图2,蜗壳尺寸见图3。     

环肠科吸虫两新种——四川平体吸虫和成都平体吸虫

1983年6月—1984年10月,在成都市禽蛋批发部解剖家鸭200只,在郫县、大邑、祟庆、广安、合川、酉阳等县各解剖鹅10～20只,鸭30～50只,从鹅、鸭鼻腔、鼻窦中收到较多的环肠科吸虫。发现有两种平体属吸虫的形态特征与过去报道的不同,经鉴定为两新种,命名为四川平体吸虫Hyptiasmus sichuanensis Zhang sp.nov.和成都平体吸虫Hyptiasmus chengduensis Zhang sp.nov.四川平体吸虫新种Hyptiasmus sichuanensis Zhang sp.nov.(图1)虫体大型,扁平、叶状。前端稍尖,后端钝圆,最大宽度在虫体中后部。新鲜虫体为暗红色,肠支黑色,固定后虫体呈灰白色,…     

侧孔吸虫属二新种(吸虫:隐孔科)

1979年,我们在天津北塘一只白腰杓鹬的小肠内获得13条吸虫。1981年,在北大港一只银鸥的肠内获得吸虫7条,经鉴定为侧孔吸虫属二新种(Trematoda:Troglotrematidae)。文中量度以毫米为单位。 1.杓鹬侧孔吸虫Paragono numenii sp.nov.(图1)     

我国环肠科吸虫一新纪录——谢氏平体吸虫

谢氏平体吸虫H.theodori Witenberg1928是一种较大型的吸虫,在寄生虫分类地位中隶属于环肠科Cyclocolidae Kossack1911平体属Hyptiasmus Kossack1911最早由Witenberg于1928年在约旦河发现于针尾鸭的鼻腔鼻窦中。1984年8月,笔者在进行寄生虫调查时,曾在成都市禽蛋批发部解剖家鸭200只,从其鼻腔鼻窦中采集到一些大型的环肠科吸虫标本,其中有一种,鉴定为谢氏平体吸虫,此种吸虫为我国家禽吸虫的新纪录,现详细描述如下:虫体大型、扁平、叶状。前端稍尖,后端钝圆,最宽部在虫体的中后部,新鲜虫体为暗红色,固定后呈灰白色,虫卵金黄色。虫长13—17…     

四川省鸟类吸虫种类调查

四川鸟类寄生吸虫过去报道极少 ,我们于 1 980年以来 ,先后在一些县市和成都动物园解剖鸟类 1 0 0余种共 60 0多只 ,采得一些复殖吸虫 ,已鉴定出 4 1种 ,分隶于 1 6科 2 4属。现将其名录整理报道如下。1　鸟类吸虫名录1 短咽科Ｂｒａｃｈｙｌａｅｍｉｄａｅ(1)拱形短咽吸虫Ｂｒａｃｈｙｌａｅｍｕｓａｒｃｕａｔｕｓ。橙翅噪鹛(Ｇａｒｒｕｌａｘｅｌｌｉｏｔｉ)、眼纹噪鹛 (Ｇ .ｏｃｅｌｌａｔｕｓａｒｔｅｍｉｓｉａｅ)、矛纹草鹛 (Ｂａｂａｘｌａｎｃｅｏｌａｔｕｓ)、棕颈钩嘴鹛 (Ｐｏｍａｔｏｒｈｉｎｕｓｒｕｆｉｃｏｌｌｉｓ)、白领凤…     

复口吸虫的研究进展

复口吸虫是淡水鱼类的一种常见的寄生虫,在欧洲、亚洲和北美等地区均有复口吸虫的分布。复口吸虫的生活史是一个复杂过程,分别经过虫卵、毛蚴、胞蚴、尾蚴、后囊蚴和成虫阶段,其中间寄主分别为第一中间寄主螺、第二中间寄主动鱼和终未寄主动鸟。在自然水体里,特别是在人工养殖水体中,复口吸虫具有明显的致病性,能使第二中间寄主鱼产生一系列的病症,严重的能引起寄主鱼的大量死亡。科学家对其的研究比较深入和广泛,而本文仅对复口吸虫的分类学、生活史、流行病学和致病机理的研究进展进行介绍。     

一种简易吸虫器

<正> 在用人工饲料饲养棉铃虫过程中,常将初孵的一龄幼虫转入人工饲料进行群饲。为及时、迅速、安全地将幼虫接入,提高饲养效率,兹介绍一种自制的简单吸虫器。     

两种盾盘吸虫的生活史及吸虫纲系统发生的讨论

1.本文记述分布在我国的盾盘吸虫六种:贝居腹盾吸虫(Aspidogaster conchicola K.Ba-er);黑龙江腹盾吸虫(Aspidogaster amurensis Achmerov,1956);饭岛腹盾吸虫(Aspidogasterijimai Kawamura,1913);印度腹盾吸虫(Aspidogaster indica Dayal,1943);中华杯盾吸虫(Cotylaspis sinensis Faust and Tang,1936)及东方簇盾吸虫(Lophotaspis orientalis Faust andTang,1936)。对各虫种的形态特征作简单描述。2.印度腹盾吸虫的生殖细胞发生及早期胚胎发育经详细观察,本文简单介绍此种吸虫的精子及卵子发生、受精卵发育达到杯状蚴过程及各发育期的形态特点。3.本文报道东方簇盾吸虫的各发育期虫体的构造特征,并简单介绍杯状蚴侵入其贝类宿主的途径和寄生部位。4.本文对盾盘吸虫的分类及系统发生等问题进行讨论。     

叶形属吸虫一新种记述(吸虫纲:发状科)

叶形属吸虫,主要寄生于鱼类及两栖类的膀胱中。自Braun(1899)建立叶形属(Phyllodistomum)以来,讫今该属(包括四个亚属)已记载九十余种。国内首先由杜氏(1930)在成都淡水虾中发现,现在已增至十七种之多。作者最近在整理江西鱼类叶形科寄生吸虫时,发现该属尚有一种未曾记载,现记述如后。标本用70％乙醇固定,硼砂洋红染色,加拿大树胶封藏。测量单位以mm表示。模式标本存放于江西科学院微生物研究所,副模标本存于江西畜牧水产学校。     

叶形属吸虫三新种记述(吸虫纲:发状科)

本文记载了采自鱼类膀胱中的叶形属吸虫三新种：ju叶形吸虫;wei叶形吸虫及崇仁叶形吸虫;对三新种的形态结构特征作了较详尽的描述,并与属内其他近似种进行了比较。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).