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1.
mRNA前体的选择性剪接   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
人类基因组草图已基本完成 ,预测人类约有 350 0 0个编码蛋白质的基因 ,只是线虫或果蝇的 2倍[1] 。人类是怎样完成其复杂的生物功能 ?越来越多的证据表明选择性剪接在扩大蛋白质的多样性中发挥重要作用 ,并且有助于解释基因数目与生物复杂程度两者的不一致性。选择性剪接能够从一个基因产生多个转录本 ,从而产生远多于基因数目的蛋白质 ,完成机体的复杂功能及精细调节。1 .mRNA选择性剪接的普遍性目前根据ESTs分析 ,在人类 350 0 0个基因中大约有 40 %的基因具有选择性剪接的形式[1] 。尽管这个数目让人惊讶 ,但这个数目可能比实际…  相似文献   

2.
通过RT-PCR技术,发现小鼠SmX5基因的另外3种选择性剪接体,分别命名为SmX5a,b和c.小鼠SmX5a cDNA具有完整的内含子1,而SmX5b cDNA含有部分内含子2。SmX5c的保留片断和SmX5b在相同位置起始,但保留部分延伸经过余下的内含子2。余下的DNA序列在所有内含子-外显子边界处都符合剪接的“GT—AG”规则。RT-PCR的表达分析显示这3种异构体都是稳定的转录产物,均通过剪接体特异性引物的PCR反应在mRNA水平上得到证实。和SmX5相比较,剪接体的出现频率都很低。RT-PCR表达分析提示,XmX5和它的3种异构体存在于小鼠的脑、肾、睾丸、胸腺、肝、脾和心脏。SmX5a主要在胸腺中表达,而SmX5b和c在所有组织都可以检测到.SmX5不同选择剪接体及其组织特异的不同剪接方式的存在,表明SmX5的表达是复杂的,并且所有4种SmX5 mRNA水平的调控对于在不同细胞类型的mRNA前体的剪接机制维持具有重要作用。  相似文献   

3.
林鲁萍  马飞  王义权 《遗传》2005,27(6):1001-1006
基因选择性剪接现象是真核生物基本而又重要的调控机制。由于基因的选择性剪接在形成生物复杂性和多样性上具有极其重要的作用,同时选择性剪接与许多人类疾病也密切相关。因此,研究基因选择性剪接是一项十分重要的工作。生物信息学作为一门新兴的学科在研究基因选择性剪接上起关键的作用,尤其在研究基因表达调控机制、选择性剪接基因预测以及选择性剪接基因进化上。本文综述了这方面的最新研究进展,为更深入了解真核生物基因的表达调控机理提供依据。  相似文献   

4.
mRNA前体选择性剪接的研究进展   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
延锦春  陈誉华  宋今丹  陈澄 《生命科学》2002,14(3):150-152,185
mRNA前体的选择性剪接(又称可变剪/拼接)是真核生物的一种基本而又重要的调控机制,它精细协调基因的功能,高效调节基因的定量表达以及蛋白功能的多样化,影响主要发育方向的决定,对细胞的分化、发育、生理功能和病理状态都有重要意义。选择性剪接与许多人类疾病密切相关。目前在生物信息学领域已有选择性剪接数据库的构建,用于选择性剪接的信息存储和处理。  相似文献   

5.
mRNA选择性剪接的分子机制   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
章国卫  宋怀东  陈竺 《遗传学报》2004,31(1):102-107
真核细胞mRNA前体经过剪接成为成熟的mRNA,而mRNA前体的选择性剪接极大地增加了蛋白质的多样性和基因表达的复杂程度,剪接位点的识别可以以跨越内含子的机制(内含子限定)或跨越外显子的机制(外显子限定)进行。选择性剪接有多种剪接形式:选择不同的剪接位点,选择不同的剪接末端,外显子的不同组合及内含子的剪接与否等。选择性剪接过程受到许多顺式元件和反式因子的调控,并与基本剪接过程紧密联系,剪接体中的一些剪接因子也参与了对选择性剪接的调控。选择性剪接也是1个伴随转录发生的过程,不同的启动子可调控产生不同的剪接产物。mRNA的选择性剪接机制多种多样,已发现RNA编辑和反式剪接也可参与选择性剪接过程。  相似文献   

6.
吴炳礼  杜昆  许丽艳  李恩民 《生物信息学》2005,3(4):178-180,184
在生物信息学的飞速发展中,与之相应的各种类型的数据库不断涌现,选择性剪接数据库(Alternative Splicing Database)便是其中之一。本文详细介绍了ASD数据库的主要内容及其功能,并在其子数据库AltSplice中检索NGAL基因的选择性剪接,由此为例说明了ASD数据库在基因选择性剪接检索中的应用。  相似文献   

7.
在真核生物的基因中,mRNA选择性剪接现象十分普遍。mRNA选择性剪接导致一个基因多转录本的产生,被认为是高等生物增加蛋白质多样性的主要机制,且已发现与许多人类疾病密切相关。发现这些转录本的选择性剪接位点、新的外显子和外显子组合,乃至获得这些剪接变异体的完整克隆,对于基因功能的深入研究十分必要。简要介绍了几种在mRNA水平探索选择性剪接的方法。  相似文献   

8.
采用PCR及RT-PCR法分别克隆了拟南芥SDIR1基因的DNA和cDNA序列。根据序列比对分析结果,发现了3种不同的转录本,提示SDIR1基因的转录中存在选择性剪接。3种转录本的长度分别为822bp、691bp和666bp,依次命名为:SDIR1-822、SDIR1-691、SDIR1-666。与SDIR1基因的DNA序列及已报道的SDIR1cDNA序列比较,除转录本SDIR1-822包含了完整的编码序列外,其余2种转录本的编码序列都存在不同长度的缺失。其中,SDIR1-691缺失了131bp的片段:第2外显子3′端缺失33bp,第3外显子53bp全部缺失,第4外显子5′端缺失45bp;转录本SDIR1-666缺失了156bp的片段:第3外显子3′端缺失18bp,第4外显子5′端缺失138bp。进而随机挑取101个克隆子对三种转录本的表达比例进行初步分析,结果表明3种分子的比值为SDIR1-822:SDIR1-691:SDIR1-666=26.00:1.33:1.00,反映出SDIR1基因不同转录本在拟南芥中的相对表达量。  相似文献   

9.
NPCEDRG基因是采用基因定位候选克隆策略获得的1个鼻咽癌候选抑瘤基因. NPCEDRG在鼻咽癌细胞和组织中表达下调,重新恢复NPCEDRG基因在CNE2细胞系的表达,可部分逆转CNE2 的恶性表型. 本研究对CNE2细胞所表达的NPCEDRG基因mRNA剪接变异体克隆、鉴定,发现NPCEDRG基因至少有7个转录起始位点,其中NM_032316的TSS位于ATG上游-85 nt处,AF538150和AK094248的TSS位于-25 nt处;AF538150不存在第2外显子中6核苷酸序列(5′-TTGCAG-3′)的缺失,其CDs为516 bp,编码1种由171个氨基酸组成的蛋白质(而非GenBank中公布的CDs为510 bp,1种由169个氨基酸组成的蛋白质). 本研究成功克隆得到1种新的NPCEDRG基因的mRNA剪接变异体V2,其TSS位于-23 nt处,其CDs为297 bp,编码1种由98个氨基酸组成的蛋白质.  相似文献   

10.
激肽原基因的选择性剪接与功能研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
周丽伟  马飞  李庆伟 《遗传》2006,28(12):1649-1655
激肽原基因在不同物种中有一定的差异, 其编码的蛋白质产物也有所不同。在人类、牛和小鼠中存在的激肽原基因K是一种选择性剪接基因, 其可以编码两种激肽原产物, 而在大鼠中, 除了激肽原基因K之外还有一类激肽原基因T, 其只能编码一种激肽原。激肽原属于半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂超家族中家族3的成员, 是一类具有多个结构域的多功能蛋白, 在人体内多种功能协同作用, 维持着机体的正常生理状态。激肽原的凝血和抗凝血两种相互拮抗的功能既能使破损的血管得到修复, 防止流血不止, 又能抑制血管内血栓的形成。本文将对目前研究较多的人、牛、小鼠和大鼠的激肽原基因的选择性剪接以及激肽原的凝血、抗凝血等多方面的功能做一综述, 为更进一步地阐明激肽原基因的进化机制, 加深对基因选择性剪接机制的了解, 揭示激肽原功能的认识等方面有所启示, 并为调节血管通透性、调节血压和抗肿瘤等新药的开发提供有益的参考。  相似文献   

11.
目的2007年国内报道一例弱D型个体存在第4—9外显子选择性剪接的转录子,我们探讨正常Rh(D)阳性个体的RHD基因mRNA的选择性剪接区域。方法随机选择3名Rh(D)阳性个体,从新鲜全血中提取总RNA,通过特异性引物,采用“一步法”逆转录-PCR(1iT—PCR),扩增RHDmRNA第1~7外显子区域,以及第6-10外显子区域,然后cDNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳和成像分析。结果未发现第1~7外显子区域存在mRNA的选择性剪接条带,仅存在由特异性引物所扩增的第1—7外显子全长的序列条带;而第6~10外显子区域观察到5种替代剪切条带,序列分析显示分别为无缺失片段,以及完整缺失第7、第9、第7和9、第7—9外显子5种RHD转录子。结论正常Rh(D)抗原阳性个体的RHD基因mRNA的选择性剪接仅存在于第7~9外显子区域。  相似文献   

12.
人MCP cDNA的克隆、序列分析及同种型的比较   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
以人胚胎mRNA为模板,采用RT-PCR法得到了人补体调节蛋白膜辅蛋白(MCP)的一种cDNA全基因,序列分析结果表明,所获得的MCP cDNA为文献报道中10种同种型中的一种,属MCP-C2型,该cDNA含一编码369个氨基酸的阅读框架,其中的STP区含14个氨基酸,由STPC编码,胞浆尾区含23个氨基酸,为CYT2,未发现有东西方人种之间的核苷酸的差异.  相似文献   

13.
    
Background: Ovarian cancer (OV) is a serious threat to women’s health. Immunotherapy is a new approach. Alternative splicing (AS) of messenger RNA (mRNA) and its regulation are highly relevant for understanding every cancer hallmark and may offer a broadened target space.Methods: We downloaded the clinical information and mRNA expression profiles of 587 tumor tissues from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We constructed a risk score model to predict the prognosis of OV patients. The association between AS-based clusters and tumor-immune microenvironment features was further explored. The ESTIMATE algorithm was also carried out on each OV sample depending on the risk score groups. A total of three immune checkpoint genes that have a significant correlation with risk scores were screened.Results: The AS-events were a reliable and stable independent risk predictor in the OV cohort. Patients in the high-risk score group had a poor prognosis (P<0.001). Mast cells activated, NK cells resting, and Neutrophils positively correlated with the risk score. The number of Macrophages M1 was also more numerous in the low-risk score group (P<0.05). Checkpoint genes CD274, CTLA-4, and PDCD1LG2, showed a negative correlation with the risk score of AS in OV.Conclusions: The proposed AS signature is a promising biomarker for estimating overall survival (OS) in OV. The AS-events signature combined with tumor-immune microenvironment enabled a deeper understanding of the immune status of OV patients, and also provided new insights for exploring novel prognostic predictors and precise therapy methods.  相似文献   

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15.
    
Ovarian cancer is the deadliest malignant disease in women. Protein Kinase C delta (PRKCD; PKCδ) is serine/threonine kinase extensively linked to various cancers. In humans, PKCδ is alternatively spliced to PKCδI and PKCδVIII. However, the specific function of PKCδ splice variants in ovarian cancer has not been elucidated yet. Hence, we evaluated their expression in human ovarian cancer cell lines (OCC): SKOV3 and TOV112D, along with the normal T80 ovarian cells. Our results demonstrate a marked increase in PKCδVIII in OCC compared to normal ovarian cells. Therefore, we elucidated the role of PKCδVIII and the underlying mechanism of its expression in OCC. Using overexpression and knockdown studies, we demonstrate that PKCδVIII increases cellular survival and migration in OCC. Further, overexpression of PKCδVIII in T80 cells resulted in increased expression of Bcl2 and knockdown of PKCδVIII in OCC decreased Bcl2 expression. Using co-immunoprecipitations and immunocytochemistry, we demonstrate nuclear localization of PKCδVIII in OCC and further show increased association of PKCδVIII with Bcl2 and Bcl-xL in OCC. Using PKCδ splicing minigene, mutagenesis, siRNA and antisense oligonucleotides, we demonstrate that increased levels of alternatively spliced PKCδVIII in OCC is regulated by splice factor SRSF2. Finally, we verified that PKCδVIII levels are elevated in samples of human ovarian cancer tissue. The data presented here demonstrate that the alternatively spliced, signaling kinase PKCδVIII is a viable target to develop therapeutics to combat progression of ovarian cancer.  相似文献   

16.
    
Cancer arises from alterations in several metabolic processes affecting proliferation, growth, replication and death of cells. A fundamental challenge in the study of cancer biology is to uncover molecular mechanisms that lead to malignant cellular transformation. Recent genomic analyses revealed that many molecular alterations observed in cancers come from modifications in the splicing process, including mutations in pre‐mRNA regulatory sequences, mutations in spliceosome components, and altered ratio of specific splicing regulators. While alterations in splice site preferences might generate alternative isoforms enabling different biological functions, these might also be responsible for nonfunctional isoforms that can eventually cause dysregulation in cellular processes. Molecular characteristics of regulatory sequences and proteins might also be important prognostic tools revealing a cancer‐specific splicing pattern and linking splicing control to cancer development. The connection between cancer biology and splicing regulation is of primary importance to understand the mechanisms leading to disease and also to improve development of therapeutic approaches. Splicing modulation is being explored in new anti‐cancer therapies and further investigation of targeted splicing factors is critical for the success of these strategies. This article is categorized under:
  • RNA Processing > Splicing Mechanisms
  • RNA‐Based Catalysis > RNA Catalysis in Splicing and Translation
  • RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing
  • RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
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17.
Alternative splicing contributes to muscle development, but a complete set of muscle-splicing factors and their combinatorial interactions are unknown. Previous work identified ACUAA (“STAR” motif) as an enriched intron sequence near muscle-specific alternative exons such as Capzb exon 9. Mass spectrometry of myoblast proteins selected by the Capzb exon 9 intron via RNA affinity chromatography identifies Quaking (QK), a protein known to regulate mRNA function through ACUAA motifs in 3′ UTRs. We find that QK promotes inclusion of Capzb exon 9 in opposition to repression by polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB). QK depletion alters inclusion of 406 cassette exons whose adjacent intron sequences are also enriched in ACUAA motifs. During differentiation of myoblasts to myotubes, QK levels increase two- to threefold, suggesting a mechanism for QK-responsive exon regulation. Combined analysis of the PTB- and QK-splicing regulatory networks during myogenesis suggests that 39% of regulated exons are under the control of one or both of these splicing factors. This work provides the first evidence that QK is a global regulator of splicing during muscle development in vertebrates and shows how overlapping splicing regulatory networks contribute to gene expression programs during differentiation.  相似文献   

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