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1.
任树新 《遗传学报》1997,24(4):336-343
对不同1BL·1RS易位系品种中Pm8抗性表达的差异进行了遗传学及生化研究。结果表明,小麦抗白粉病基因Pm8位于1RS染色体上,但在一些1BL·1RS易位系品种中,Pm8的抗性表达受一对位于小麦染色体组中的显性抑制基因所控制。生化研究结果显示,在种子蛋白SDS-PAGE电泳图谱上的低分子量区域,有一条醇溶蛋白带(称为SB带)与Pm8的抗性表达紧密相关。所有IBL·IRS感白粉病基因型都含有SB带。利用SB蛋白带做生化标记,可以准确预测1BL·1RS易位系品种对白粉病的抗感性。通过时1BL·1RS易位系品种格蓝森81单体1A种质的综合分析,进一步将Pm8抗性抑制基因定位于其相应的部分同源染色体1As上。这一结果可能预示着小麦部分同源染色体之间的某些内在联系。  相似文献   

2.
一些小麦白粉病抗源抗性基因鉴定分析   总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6  
研究鉴定了我国37份小麦白粉病抗源的抗性基因,19份材料不具有任何抗性基因;6份材料具有来自1BL/1RS易位系的抗性基因Pm8;5份材料具有抗性基因Pm5a;3份分别具有对目前欧洲所有生理小种均抗的抗性基因Pm21、Pm16和Pm12;4份材料具有新的抗性基因。  相似文献   

3.
李松涛  钟少斌 《遗传学报》1995,22(2):103-108
RAPD是一种新发展的分子标记技术,本实验利用这种技术对小麦抗白粉病基因Pm4a的近等基因系进行分析。在100个随机引物中找到了3个引物在这对抗白粉病的近等基因系中所扩增出的带型出现差异。并根据理论计算所找到的差异与抗生基因Pm4a连锁的概率是0.7,即3个差异中应有2个标记与抗性基因连锁。  相似文献   

4.
与小麦白粉病抗性基因Pm2紧密连锁PAPD标记的筛选研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
刘金元  陶文静 《遗传学报》2000,27(2):139-145
以256个随机引物对含小麦抗白粉病基因Pm2近等基因系进行RAPD分析,发现17个随机引物的扩增产物在抗、感NILs材料间表现多态性,且其中5个引物经4次以上重复,均获相同结果,其多态性标记分别为OPM081600、OPI041700、OPH19900及OPM16850。当以这5个随机引物对14个已知含Pm2基因的抗病材料及9个不含Pm2基因的感病材料进行检测时,只有标记OPI041700在12个  相似文献   

5.
可转化人工染色体(Transformation competent Artificial Chromosome,TAC)是具有克隆和转移大片段基因能力的新型载体,是植被基因克隆和转化的有效工具。为了克隆泪科抗白粉病基因和其它基因,本研究用TCA载体pYLTAC17构建了带有抗白粉病基因Pm21的小麦=簇毛麦6VS/6AL易位系的基因组DNA文库。该文库包含210万个克隆平均插入征段35lb,相当于  相似文献   

6.
小麦抗白粉病基因Pm6的RAPD标记   总被引:15,自引:3,他引:12  
从提莫菲维小麦转移到普通小麦中的小麦白粉病抗性基因Pm6是小麦白粉病(Erysiphe hraminis f sp.tritici)的有效抗性基因。用700个随机引物对Pm6近等基因系进行RAPD分析,发现引物OPV20可在抗病近等基因系中产生大小为2kb的稳定的多态片段。用该引物检测10个其他携Pm6的渐渗系材料,均可稳定扩增出该2kb的多态片段。理一步用OPV20对Pm6F2(IGV1-463  相似文献   

7.
与小麦白粉病抗性基因Pm2紧密连锁RAPD标记的筛选研究   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
以256个随机引物对含小麦抗白粉病基因Pm2近等基因系进行RAPD分析,发现17个随机引物的扩增产物在抗、感NILs材料间表现多态性,且其中5个引物经4次以上重复,均获相同结果,其多态性标记分别为OPM08(1600)、OPI04(1700)、OPH19(1100、OPE09(900)及OPM16(850)。当以这5个随机引物对14个已知含Pm2基因的抗病材料及9个不含Pm2基因的感病材料进行检测时,只有标记OPI04(1700)在12个抗病材料中出现(另两个抗病材料中未检测到),而在9个感病材料中均未出现。进一步用 OPI(04)对102株(Chancellorx Uka/8*Cc)F2分离群体进行分析,估算出标记OPI04(1700)与Pm2基因间的遗传距离为12.2±3.3cM。  相似文献   

8.
黑麦6R抗白粉病基因向小麦的渗进与鉴定   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
张文俊 Snap.  JW 《遗传学报》1999,26(5):563-570
为了将黑麦6R染色体上抗小麦白粉病的基因导入小麦,选用了一个6R/6D代换系M24为亲本之一,分别与小麦栽培品种和第6部分同源群缺体系杂交,杂种出现6R或/或6A,6B,6D单,双或三单体等各种情况,取其花药进行培养,共获得241个再生植株,对其中32个抗白粉病的花粉植株经染色体计数,C-分带,基因组原位杂交,同工酶等电聚焦电泳和或/RFLP分子标记检测,发现有6株仍保持为6R/6D代换系,有10  相似文献   

9.
小麦品种复壮30中与抗白粉病基因连锁的一个RAPD标记@王立新$北京市农业科学院植物细胞工程实验室!北京100089小麦;;抗白粉病;;基因;;RAPD标记  相似文献   

10.
YAV-2/TEZ//A.SQ(895)是硬粒小麦与粗山羊草杂交获得的抗白粉病人工合成小麦。本研究利用人工合成小麦YAV-2/TEZ//A.SQ(895)与感白粉病的普通小麦品系品资50098杂交和自交获得的F2代群体及F3家系,在温室条件下鉴定群体的白粉病抗性。遗传分析结果表明,该抗白粉病基因为显性单基因遗传。利用647对小麦SSR引物进行了白粉病抗性基因的分子标记分析,结果表明该白粉病抗性基因与2A染色体的6个SSR标记连锁,与标记Xcfa2086的遗传距离最近,为11.8cM。  相似文献   

11.
L Qi  M Cao  P Chen  W Li  D Liu 《Génome》1996,39(1):191-197
A new powdery mildew resistance gene designated Pm21, from Haynaldia villosa, a relative of wheat, has been identified and incorporated into wheat through an alien translocation line. Cytogenetic and biochemical analyses showed that chromosome arms 6VS and 6AL were involved in this translocation. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was performed on recipient wheat cultivar Yangmai 5, the translocation line, and H. villosa with 180 random primers. Eight of the 180 primers amplified polymorphic DNA in the translocation line, and the same results were obtained in four replications. Furthermore, RAPD analysis was reported for substitution line 6V, seven addition lines (1V-7V), and the F1, as well as F2 plants of (translocation line x 'Yangmai 5'), using two of the eight random primers. One RAPD marker, specific to chromosome arm 6VS, OPH17-1900, could be used as a molecular marker for the detection of gene Pm21 in breeding materials with powdery mildew resistance introduced from H. villosa. Key words : RAPD analysis, 6VS-specific marker, Pm21, Erysiphe graminis f.sp. tritici, Triticum aestivum - Haynaldia villosa translocation.  相似文献   

12.
Species containing E genome of Thinopyrum offered potential to increase the genetic variability and desirable characters for wheat improvement. However, E genome specific marker was rare. The objective of the present report was to develop and identify sequenced characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers that can be used in detecting E chromosome in wheat background for breeding purpose. Total 280 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers were amplified for seeking of E genome specific fragments by using the genomic DNA of Thinopyrum elongatum and wheat controls as templates. As a result, six RAPD fragments specific for E genome were found and cloned, and then were converted to SCAR markers. The usability of these markers was validated using a number of Egenome-containing species and wheat as controls. These markers were subsequently located on E chromosomes using specific PCR and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). SCAR markers developed in this research could be used in molecular marker assisted selection of wheat breeding with Thinopyrum chromatin introgressions.  相似文献   

13.
14.
用随机引物扩增多态DNA(RAPD)技术对三种不同组合:小麦(Triticum aestivum)( )簇毛麦(Haynaldia villosa);小麦( )羊草(Leymus chinensis)和小麦( )高冰草(Agropyron elongatum)的属间不对称杂种进行分子鉴定,不同杂种植株的基因组经随机引物扩增后,均出现双亲的多态特异产物,证实它们含有双亲的基因组。将引物OPJ-12扩增的高冰草多态特异产物(分子量为0.77bp的DNA片段)分离纯化并标记作探针,用Southern杂交证明了小麦( )高冰草杂种经OPJ-12扩增的0.77kbp特异片段与高冰草这一片段具有同源性。本文结果证明,RAPD技术可作为小麦属间不对称体细胞杂种的一种快速、简便、有效的分子鉴定方法。  相似文献   

15.
Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method was used to identify the hybrid nature of three kinds of intergeneric asymmetric somatic hybrid plants of wheat: wheat (Triticum aestivum) + Haynaldia villosa, Wheat + Leymus chinensis and wheat + Agropyron elongatum. It was shown from the electrophoresis profiles that the genome of somatic hybrid plants contained specific section genome of both parents after DNA amplification with arbitrary primers. A specific RAPD product (DNA fragment of 0.77 kbp) of A. elongatum generated with primer OPJ-12 was isolated, purified, labeled and used as a probe. Southern blot from OPJ-12 primer-generated specific section genome of the hybrid (T. aestivum + A. elongatum) hybridized to this probe (0.77 kbp) proved that they are homologous in nature. This paper also discussed the advantage of RAPD method in identification of hybrid plants, especially asymmetric somatic hybrids.  相似文献   

16.
基因组分析与小麦抗病育种   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
系统总结了南京农业大学细胞遗传研究所近 2 0多年来利用基因组分析方法培育从簇毛麦 (Haynaldiavil losaSch .)、大赖草 (LeymusracemosusLam .)、鹅观草 (RoegneriakamojiC .Koch)和纤毛鹅观草 (R .ciliaris (Trin .)Nevs ki)导入白粉病和赤霉病抗性的小麦种质的研究进展。利用染色体C_分带、基因组原位杂交、分子标记 (特别是RFLP)等技术与非整倍体分析相结合对所创制的种质进行了系统分析与鉴定。还对所培育的小麦种质在育种实践和理论研究中的潜在价值及相关问题进行了讨论  相似文献   

17.
中间偃麦草麦、小麦和小麦-中间偃麦草2Ai-2附加系Z1、Z2、X6,代换系ZD28等进行RAPD分析,从320个RAPD引物中,鉴定出2Ai-2染色体特异的2个RAPD标记OPO05650和OPMO414000。利用这2个特异OPO05和OPM04,PCR扩增普通小麦CS(ABD)及其近缘植物中间偃麦草(E1E2St)、拟鹅冠草(St),长穗偃麦草(E)、簇毛麦(V)、黑麦(R)、大麦(H)粗山羊草(D)等基因组DNA。结果表明,OPO05650和OPO41400均是2Ai-2染色体上St基因组区域的特异标记。将上棕2个特异片段分离回收、克隆、测序,根据测序结果重新设计、合成特异引物,成功地转换RAPD标记为SCAR(sequence characterizked amplifed region)标记SC-05和SC-M4。利用SCAR标记对不同材料进行分析的结果表明,凡含有2Ai-2染色体的抗黄矮病材料及拟鹅冠草均产生一条扩增带,不含2Ai-2染色体的材料,包括小麦、长穗麦草、簇毛麦、黑麦、在麦、粗山羊草以有含有其他他中间偃麦草染色休的附加系,均没有扩增产物,说明上棕2个SCAR标记是中间偃麦草2Ai-2染色体的特异性PCR标记,且是2Ai-2染色体上St基因组区域的特异性标记。克隆与鉴定中间偃麦草的2个SCAR扩增片段TiSCO5和TiSCM4。结果表明,克隆的中间偃麦草TiSCO5和TiSCM4特异片段,分别是St基因组特异性的寡拷贝序列有多拷贝重复序列,为St基因组遗传研究的新探针。  相似文献   

18.
The Yr17 gene, which is present in many European wheat cultivars, displays yellow rust resistance at the seedling stage. The gene introduced into chromosome 2A from Aegilops ventricosa was previously found to be closely linked (0.5 cM) to leaf and stem rust resistance genes Lr37 and Sr38, respectively. The objective of this study was to identify molecular markers linked to the Yr17 gene. We screened with RAPD primers, for polymorphism, the DNAs of cv. Thatcher and the leaf rust-resistant near-isogenic line (NIL) RL 6081 of cv. Thatcher carrying the Lr37 gene. Using a F2 progeny of the cross between VPM1 (resistant) and Thésée (susceptible), the RAPD marker OP-Y15580 was found to be closely linked to the Yr17 gene. We converted the OP- Y15580 RAPD marker into a sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR). This SCAR marker (SC-Y15) was linked at 0.8 ± 0.7 cM to the Yr17 resistance gene. We tested the SC-Y15 marker over a survey of 37 wheat cultivars in order to verify its consistency in different genetic backgrounds and to explain the resistance of some cultivars against yellow rust. Moreover, we showed that the Xpsr150-2Mv locus marker of Lr gene described by Bonhomme et al. [6] which possesses A. ventricosa introgression on the 2A chromosome was also closely linked to the Yr17 gene. Both the SCAR SC-Y15 and Xpsr150-2Mv markers should be used in breeding programmes in order to detect the cluster of the three genes Yr17, Lr37 and Sr38 in cross progenies. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

19.
小麦硫代硫酸硫转移酶类似基因的克隆与定位   总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6  
小麦-簇毛麦6VS/6AL易位系92R137含有抗白粉病基因Pm21。为了研究该易位系的抗病机理,应用mRNA差异显示和快速扩增cDNA未端(Rapid Amplification of cDNAEnd,RACE)技术对在白粉菌诱导后表达增强的基因进行了克隆,分离到1个命名为TaTST的全长cDNA序列。Northern杂交分析表明,TaTST基因在白粉菌诱导后表达明显增强,24h达到峰值,氨基酸序列同源性分析表明,TaTST与Datisca glomerata的硫代硫酸硫转移酶基因(rho-danese,EC,2.8.1.1)序列有64%相同,80%相似,用中国春缺体/四体系和端体系Southern杂交和基因特异性引物扩增(gene specific primer-PCR)将TaTST基因定位在小麦6B染色体短臂上,Southern杂交表明,该基因为单拷贝基因,由于在杨麦5号和6VS/6AL易位系间存在明显多态,可以推测在6VS上有TaTST的同源基因,TaTST是从小麦中分离的新基因。白粉菌诱导后的表达变化提示;TaTST与小麦抗白粉病反应有关。  相似文献   

20.
本实验室已经通过基因芯片技术筛选到一个白粉菌诱导后上调表达的抗病相关基因Hv-S/TPK, 并获得了它的全长cDNA序列。利用Hv-S/TPK的特异引物筛选小麦-簇毛麦6VS/6AL易位系基因组可转化人工染色体(Transformation-competent artificial chromsome, TAC)文库, 获得了阳性TAC单克隆, 并进一步获得了含有Hv-S/TPK cDNA序列的5160 bp(GenBank Accession No. EU153366)的亚克隆。对亚克隆的序列分析结果表明, Hv-S/TPK基因在起始密码子和终止密码子之间有3个内含子和4个外显子, 4个外显子序列与簇毛麦上已得到的Hv-S/TPK的cDNA序列100%同源。对起始密码子上游序列分析结果表明, 该基因的调控序列中, 含有W-Box、OCS-element等与抗病相关的元件。以TAC克隆为探针与小麦-簇毛麦6VS/6AL易位系有丝分裂中期染色体进行荧光原位杂交(Fluorescence in situ hybridization, FISH), 结果表明含有Hv-S/TPK基因的TAC克隆来自于簇毛麦。  相似文献   

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