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1.
科尔沁沙地是我国沙漠化土地防治的重点工程区.近些年来,受气候变化、生态工程建设和人类活动的影响,该区的植被生长发生了一定的变化.研究区域植被的动态变化,可为后期沙地的综合治理和工程的合理建设提供科学依据.基于此,以1981-2015年NOAA-NDVI、MODIS-NDVI数据及同期气象和社会经济数据为依托,采用一元线...  相似文献   

2.
近40年科尔沁沙地植被时空变化及其驱动力   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
科尔沁沙地是我国沙漠化土地防治的重点工程区。近些年来,受气候变化、生态工程建设和人类活动的影响,该区的植被生长发生了一定的变化。研究区域植被的动态变化,可为后期沙地的综合治理和工程的合理建设提供科学依据。基于此,以1981—2015年NOAA-NDVI、MODIS-NDVI数据及同期气象和社会经济数据为依托,采用一元线性回归和相关分析的方法,对科尔沁沙地NDVI的时空变化及驱动因素进行了研究。结果表明:(1)1981—2015年NDVI整体呈波动的增长趋势(增速为0.00114 a-1);空间上NDVI呈增长趋势的区域(面积占68.8%)主要位于东南缘及中部部分地区,而研究区的西北缘呈降低趋势。(2)不同程度沙漠化区的NDVI均表现为先降低(1981—2000年)后上升(2001—2015年)的变化过程,说明前期遭受破坏的植被在后期得以恢复。(3)驱动力分析表明,降水和温度是驱动科尔沁沙地部分区域NDVI变化的影响因素;人口变化和生态工程的实施均驱动了区域内植被的时空变化;而经济的发展并不是该区植被变化的主要驱动因素。  相似文献   

3.
 该研究基于Savitzky_Golay滤波算法平滑了1982~1999年NOAA/AVHRR NDVI 时间序列影像,然后利用曲线拟合了锡林郭勒典型草原1982~1999年的每年物候期(返青期、黄枯期)及18年的平均物候期和生长季长度,并对1982~1999年的物候期进行了线性拟合,从而分析了物候期的变化趋势。结果表明:1)1982、1986、1992年的返青期处于正常水平,1985、1988、1989、1991年大部分地区的牧草返青期比正常年份有所提前。1984、1990、1993 年的黄枯期处于正常水平,大部分年份的黄枯期主要处于9月下旬至10月上旬(290~310 d)。2)在整个典型草原,返青期有较大的变异性,而黄枯期变化表现出了锡林郭勒典型草原的西南部较早、中部及东北部较晚的格局,生长季长度的变化格局为西南地区最短,中部地区最长。3)从1982~1999年,不同的地区表现出物候期及生长季长度提前或延迟的变化趋势,返青期大多数地区延迟时间集中在10~20 d,提前日期主要集中在10 d之内。锡林郭勒盟西南地区的黄枯期提前趋势最大。大部分地区的生长季长度变化呈缩短趋势,缩短日期小于 10 d,少部分地区的生长季延长,延长日期主要集中在0~10 d。4)对锡林浩特的物候期研究表明,牧草返青期提前日期小于10 d,黄枯期延迟大约14±5 d,生长季长度延迟大约1 5±5 d。最后利用野外观测数据对锡林浩特牧草返青期的拟合精度作出了评价。  相似文献   

4.
作为陆地生态系统的主体,植被的时空变化深刻地影响着景观格局和生态功能,深入理解植被动态及其对气候变化的响应,对于提高对生态过程的认识、加强生态管理具有重要意义。在一致性检验的基础上,利用中分辨率成像光谱仪(moderateresolution imaging Spectroradiometer,MODIS)的归一化植被指数(normalized Difference Vegetation Index,NDVI)数据集将新疆地区全球检测与模型研究组(Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies,GIMMS)开发的NDVI数据集的时间序列拓展到2012年,探讨了生长季和各季节植被绿度、气候异常值的动态变化,分析了植被对气候变化的响应。研究结果显示,区域尺度和像元尺度GIMMS与MODIS NDVI之间的一致性较强。1982—2012年,研究区域生长季和各季节植被绿度呈显著增加趋势,但生长季存在明显阶段性:1998年前后分别呈显著增加和显著减少,夏季与秋季与生长季类似,而春季则不存在变化趋势的逆转。NDVI呈正异常值的面积比例与区域尺度NDVI的变化趋势一致;极端异常值、较大异常值多呈明显减少趋势,而一般异常值多呈增加趋势,NDVI的变化倾向于逐渐平稳。区域变暖趋势显著,降水量略有增加,潜在蒸散发显著提高,而湿润指数变化不明显。气温、潜在蒸散发主要在春季、秋季促进植被生长,而夏季降水量、湿润指数对植被生长的调节作用更为突出。  相似文献   

5.
中国陆地生态系统分类识别及其近20年的时空变化   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
刘亚群  吕昌河  傅伯杰  于伯华 《生态学报》2021,41(10):3975-3987
生态系统分类制图是理解生态系统时空格局和支撑生态系统分类管理的基础。研究以反映生态系统主导服务功能和人类干预强度为主线,构建了包括9个一级和25个二级类的生态系统分类体系,集成土地利用、气候、地形、植被、土壤、居民点分布等多源数据,开展了2000和2020年中国陆地生态系统的分类制图,并对其类型、结构、格局及时空变化特征进行了分析。结果表明:近20年,我国城镇生态系统扩张1.1倍,64.51%来自耕种生态系统。耕种生态系统缩减0.88万km2,其中水田和旱田分别减少0.60万km2和2.09万km2,但绿洲扩张1.81万km2。受退耕还林还草影响,农牧和农林混合生态系统分别减少2.88万km2和0.92万km2,林地生态系统增加1.61万km2。水域湿地生态系统增加0.31万km2,70%源自沼泽生态系统的扩张,尤其是青藏高原水域湿地,受气候变暖影响扩张明显。气候暖湿化促使部分干旱荒漠和冰冻寒漠生态系统的盖度增加,使牧草地生态系统增加9.97万km2,而干旱荒漠和冰冻寒漠生态系统分别减少14.98万km2和0.92万km2。我国生态系统变化导致整体景观的连接性下降、破碎度增加、类型多样性增加,斑块间生态过程的阻碍增强。我国生态状况明显改善,92.06%的区域NDVI增加,平均NDVI增幅为0.74%/a,其中农牧和农林混合生态系统NDVI增幅最显著,分别为1.26%/a和0.85%/a。该分类方案与制图结果突出了生态系统结构、生态环境风险和生产力的差异,可为宏观尺度的生态系统管理提供科学支撑。  相似文献   

6.
植物生长与土壤水关系调控起始期   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
郭忠升  李耀林 《生态学报》2009,29(10):5721-5729
确定植物生长与土壤水关系调控起始期是可持续利用土壤水资源的基础.以柠条为研究对象,采用中子仪对黄土丘陵半干旱区撂荒地,1~5年生柠条林生长和土壤水分进行长期定位观测和分析.结果表明:1a内,随着时间推移,柠条利用土壤水分深度从播种时的表层土壤增加到220cm;随着林龄增加,除丰水年2年生柠条林地土壤储水量增加外,柠条利用土壤水分深度和耗水量增加,林地土壤储水量下降.在2004年生长末期,3年生柠条林地100cm土层的土壤含水量低于萎蔫系数,4年生柠条林地土壤旱化加剧,柠条生长与土壤水关系调控起始期是第5年.此时需要调控柠条生长与土壤水关系,采取措施降低柠条水分耗水量,实现土壤水资源可持续利用.  相似文献   

7.
近30年中国陆地生态系统NDVI时空变化特征   总被引:11,自引:5,他引:11       下载免费PDF全文
刘可  杜灵通  侯静  胡悦  朱玉果  宫菲 《生态学报》2018,38(6):1885-1896
气候变化已明显影响到陆地植被的活动,但在不同生态系统间存在差异,研究不同陆地生态系统归一化植被指数(NDVI)的时空变化特征,不仅可揭示各生态系统植被活动对气候变化的响应规律,而且可为我国不同生态区制定应对气候变化的策略和生态文明建设提供科学依据。基于1982—2012年GIMMS NDVI3g和中国陆地生态系统类型数据,利用一元线性回归、集合经验模态分解和相关分析等方法,研究了近30年中国各陆地生态系统NDVI的时空变化特征,分析了其与气候事件的关系。结果表明,近30年中国植被活动显著上升,年平均归一化植被指数(ANDVI)的上升幅度为0.0029/10a(P0.05),年最大归一化植被指数(MNDVI)的上升幅度为0.0076/10a(P0.01);植被活动显著增强的区域主要是分布在东部季风区的农田和森林生态系统,显著下降的区域主要是分布于西北的荒漠生态系统和东北的森林生态系统;尽管ANDVI和MNDVI线性趋势的显著性有所差异,但农田、森林、草地和水体与湿地生态系统的NDVI总体呈非稳定的上升趋势,上升过程中伴随着较大波动,荒漠生态系统的NDVI呈下降趋势,植被退化显著;与线性趋势不同,各生态系统植被活动的残差趋势包含\"上升—下降\"两个阶段,并相继于20世纪90年代到21世纪初发生转折;上述5类生态系统的植被活动存在不同尺度的周期特征,年际周期波动特征(1.9—7.6a)比较显著,而年代际周期(10.7a和22.2a)的显著性相对较差;各生态系统的空间异质性在趋强过程中存在2.1—7.1a的年际周期节律;海洋与大气环流的短周期脉动与各生态系统植被活动的周期性节律有着明显关联,ENSO事件和太阳活动是推动植被活动周期性振荡的重要因素。  相似文献   

8.
珠江流域植被覆盖时空变化分析   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
王兆礼  陈晓宏  李艳 《生态科学》2006,25(4):303-307,311
为阐明珠江流域植被覆盖变化的整体状况,基于RS与GIS技术,应用美国国家航天航空局最新的全球植被指数变化研究数据(GIMMS),对珠江流域1982~2003年间的地表植被覆盖的空间分布及时间序列变化进行了综合分析。结果表明:(1)22年来,珠江流域大部分地区的NDVI都呈现不同程度的下降趋势,表明珠江流域植被活动在减弱;(2)从季节变化来看,珠江流域平均植被覆盖除春季呈不显著上升外,其余各季均呈不显著下降趋势;(3)空间上,中下游地区都呈现不同程度的下降趋势,其中珠江三角洲地区达到了极显著水平;而上游南、北盘江流域、右江、左江及郁江流域则呈不显著增加趋势。这种空间异质性是由于城市化过程、农业生产活动、区域气候特征等综合因素作用的结果。  相似文献   

9.
陈甲豪  吴凯  胡中民  杨涵 《生态学报》2023,43(10):4054-4065
为揭示青藏高原陆地生态系统对气候变化敏感性的时空变异性,基于植被敏感性指数(Vegetation Sensitivity Index, VSI),使用2000—2021年青藏高原6—8月生长季MODIS EVI和ERA5再分析资料的温度、降水和太阳辐射数据,首先探究了22年里青藏高原陆地生态系统敏感性的空间变异性及其主要气候驱动因素,其次探究了青藏高原VSI在P1(2000—2006年)、P2(2007—2013年)和P3(2014—2021年)时期内VSI的时间变异性,研究表明:(1)2000—2021年青藏高原生长季VSI的空间异质性较强,其中东南部灌木和森林的VSI较高,而西北部高山荒漠、高山草原和高山草甸的VSI较低;(2)22年里温度、降水和太阳辐射分别主导着青藏高原55.89%、19.24%和24.87%地区的VSI变化,其中温度主导着东南部灌木和森林的VSI,降水主导着东北大部分地区高山草甸的VSI,而太阳辐射主导着西南大部分地区高山草原的VSI。时间变异性结果表明:(3)P1—P  相似文献   

10.
邵周玲  周文佐  李凤  周新尧  杨帆 《生态学报》2021,41(9):3701-3712
植被物候直接反映了植被对环境变化响应的动态过程,对研究植被与气候的关系具有重要意义。基于遥感植被时序数据,探讨秦巴山区典型山地-米仓山地区植被物候变化及其对气候的响应。利用MODIS NDVI时序数据,采用动态阈值法获取米仓山地区植被物候参数;借助于Theil Sen斜率、Mann Kendall趋势检验方法结合植被类型数据分析研究区物候时空变化;采用偏相关方法分析物候变化与气温和降水之间的关系。结果表明:(1)米仓山地区植被生长季始期(SOS)主要集中在第80-110d,海拔每上升100m,SOS大约推迟0.6d;生长季末期(EOS)主要集中在第250-300d;生长季长度(LOS)主要集中在130-210d。除低海拔区域受人类活动影响物候波动较大外,EOS和LOS随海拔变化存在2000m分界线,其下物候随海拔升高物候明显推迟或缩短,其上物候变化趋于平缓。(2)16a来植被SOS呈提前趋势,提前幅度为0.47d/a,提前的像元占74.03%,其中,达到显著提前的像元占12.21%(P<0.1);EOS整体呈提前趋势,提前幅度为0.22d/a;LOS略有延长,延长幅度为0.26d/a。(3)区域常绿型森林植被SOS晚于同垂直带的落叶型森林植被;草地、常绿阔叶灌木林SOS提前趋势最明显,变化率分别为-0.80、-0.71d/a;EOS提前趋势最明显的是针阔混交林和落叶阔叶林。(4) SOS主要受3月平均气温和4月降水的影响,3月平均气温升高以及4月降水增加导致SOS提前;EOS主要受10月降水的负向影响。  相似文献   

11.
内蒙古主要草原类型植物物候对气候波动的响应   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
苗百岭  梁存柱  韩芳  梁茂伟  张自国 《生态学报》2016,36(23):7689-7701
物候是气候变化的指示者,由于不同地区植被类型不同,导致其对气候波动的响应方式不同。利用2004—2013年内蒙古草原区生态监测站群落优势种物候观测资料和同时段的气象资料,分析了不同草原类型区优势种物候期变化及其与气候因子间的相互关系,结果表明:(1)2004—2013年内蒙古草原区各时段气候波动趋势均不显著,返青前以气温降低、降水增加趋势为主;黄枯前草甸草原、典型草原以气温降低、降水增加趋势为主,荒漠草原变化趋势相反。(2)2004—2013年典型草原植物返青期平均提前4.01 d,黄枯推后10.35 d,生长季延长14.36 d;草甸草原返青期提前2.04 d,黄枯期推后12.68 d,生长季延长14.72 d;荒漠草原物候变化趋势最小,返青期平均提前了1.32 d,黄枯期平均推后了9.58 d,生长季延长了10.90 d。(3)内蒙古草原区植物返青期主要受气温波动的影响,草甸草原返青期与前3个月平均气温的负相关最为显著,气温每升高1℃,返青期约提前1.123 d;典型草原、荒漠草原返青期与前2个月平均气温的负相关最为显著气,气温每升高1℃,返青期约提前1.137 d和1.743 d。(4)典型草原区植物黄枯期受前1—2月平均气温和累积降水的共同影响,与夏季平均气温和当月降水量的相关最为显著,夏季气温每升高1℃,黄枯期约提前2.250 d,当月降水每增加1 mm,黄枯期约推后0.119 d。草甸草原、荒漠草原植物黄枯期与各时段降水、气温的相关均不显著,影响黄枯机制比较复杂。  相似文献   

12.
Fennoscandia is characterized by a large degree of climatic diversity. Vegetation phenology may respond differently to climate change according to the climatic gradients within the region. To map the annual and spatial variability of the start of the growing season (SOS) in Fennoscandia, the twice-monthly GIMMS-NDVI satellite dataset was used. The data set has an 8 × 8 km2 spatial resolution and covers the period from 1982 to 2002. The mapping was done by applying pixel-specific threshold values to the NDVI data. These threshold values were determined form surface phenology data on birch (Betula sp.). Then, we produced NDVI based maps of SOS for each of the 21 years. Finally, the time differences between the SOS and the last day of snow cover, as well as dates of passing different temperatures, were analyzed for 21 meteorological stations. The analyses showed that 1985 was the most extreme year in terms of late SOS. In terms of early SOS, the year 1990 was by far the most extreme. Locally, the SOS has an average range of 1 month between the earliest and latest recorded SOS, with a trend towards a bigger range in the oceanic parts. The results indicate that a 1°C increase in spring temperatures in general corresponds to an advancement of 5–6 days in SOS. However, there is a clear trend according to the degree of oceanity, with a 1°C increase in the most oceanic parts corresponding roughly to 7–9 days earlier SOS, compared to less than 5 days earlier in the continental parts.  相似文献   

13.
Changes in vegetative growing seasons are dominant indicators of the dynamic response of ecosystems to climate change. Therefore, knowledge of growing seasons over the past decades is essential to predict ecosystem changes. In this study, the long‐term changes in the growing seasons of temperate vegetation over the Northern Hemisphere were examined by analyzing satellite‐measured normalized difference vegetation index and reanalysis temperature during 1982–2008. Results showed that the length of the growing season (LOS) increased over the analysis period; however, the role of changes at the start of the growing season (SOS) and at the end of the growing season (EOS) differed depending on the time period. On a hemispheric scale, SOS advanced by 5.2 days in the early period (1982–1999) but advanced by only 0.2 days in the later period (2000–2008). EOS was delayed by 4.3 days in the early period, and it was further delayed by another 2.3 days in the later period. The difference between SOS and EOS in the later period was due to less warming during the preseason (January–April) before SOS compared with the magnitude of warming in the preseason (June–September) before EOS. At a regional scale, delayed EOS in later periods was shown. In North America, EOS was delayed by 8.1 days in the early period and delayed by another 1.3 days in the later period. In Europe, the delayed EOS by 8.2 days was more significant than the advanced SOS by 3.2 days in the later period. However, in East Asia, the overall increase in LOS during the early period was weakened in the later period. Admitting regional heterogeneity, changes in hemispheric features suggest that the longer‐lasting vegetation growth in recent decades can be attributed to extended leaf senescence in autumn rather than earlier spring leaf‐out.  相似文献   

14.
    
Aim We intend to characterize and understand the spatial and temporal patterns of vegetation phenology shifts in North America during the period 1982–2006. Location North America. Methods A piecewise logistic model is used to extract phenological metrics from a time‐series data set of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). An extensive comparison between satellite‐derived phenological metrics and ground‐based phenology observations for 14,179 records of 73 plant species at 802 sites across North America is made to evaluate the information about phenology shifts obtained in this study. Results The spatial pattern of vegetation phenology shows a strong dependence on latitude but a substantial variation along the longitudinal gradient. A delayed dormancy onset date (0.551 days year?1, P= 0.013) and an extended growing season length (0.683 days year?1, P= 0.011) are found over the mid and high latitudes in North America during 1982–2006, while no significant trends in greenup onset are observed. The delayed dormancy onset date and extended growing season length are mainly found in the shrubland biome. An extensive validation indicates a strong robustness of the satellite‐derived phenology information. Main conclusions It is the delayed dormancy onset date, rather than an advanced greenup onset date, that has contributed to the prolonged length of the growing season over the mid and high latitudes in North America during recent decades. Shrublands contribute the most to the delayed dormancy onset date and the extended growing season length. This shift of vegetation phenology implies that vegetation activity in North America has been altered by climatic change, which may further affect ecosystem structure and function in the continent.  相似文献   

15.
Onset of spring starting earlier across the Northern Hemisphere   总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16  
Recent warming of Northern Hemisphere (NH) land is well documented and typically greater in winter/spring than other seasons. Physical environment responses to warming have been reported, but not details of large‐area temperate growing season impacts, or consequences for ecosystems and agriculture. To date, hemispheric‐scale measurements of biospheric changes have been confined to remote sensing. However, these studies did not provide detailed data needed for many investigations. Here, we show that a suite of modeled and derived measures (produced from daily maximum–minimum temperatures) linking plant development (phenology) with its basic climatic drivers provide a reliable and spatially extensive method for monitoring general impacts of global warming on the start of the growing season. Results are consistent with prior smaller area studies, confirming a nearly universal quicker onset of early spring warmth (spring indices (SI) first leaf date, ?1.2 days decade?1), late spring warmth (SI first bloom date, ?1.0 days decade?1; last spring day below 5°C, ?1.4 days decade?1), and last spring freeze date (?1.5 days decade?1) across most temperate NH land regions over the 1955–2002 period. However, dynamics differ among major continental areas with North American first leaf and last freeze date changes displaying a complex spatial relationship. Europe presents a spatial pattern of change, with western continental areas showing last freeze dates getting earlier faster, some central areas having last freeze and first leaf dates progressing at about the same pace, while in portions of Northern and Eastern Europe first leaf dates are getting earlier faster than last freeze dates. Across East Asia last freeze dates are getting earlier faster than first leaf dates.  相似文献   

16.
中国东部温带植被生长季节的空间外推估计   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
陈效逑  胡冰  喻蓉 《生态学报》2007,27(1):65-74
利用地面植物物候和遥感归一化差值植被指数(NDVI)数据,以及一种物候-遥感外推方法,实现植被生长季节从少数站点到较多站点的空间外推。结果表明:(1)在1982~1993年期间,中国东部温带地区植被生长季节多年平均起讫日期的空间格局与春季和秋季平均气温的空间格局相关显著;(2)在不同纬度带和整个研究区域,植被生长季节结束日期呈显著推迟的趋势,而开始日期则呈不显著提前的趋势,这与欧洲和北美地区植被生长季节开始日期显著提前而结束日期不显著推迟的变化趋势完全不同;(3)北部纬度带的植被生长季节平均每年延长1.4~3.6d,全区的植被生长季节平均每年延长1.4d,与同期北半球和欧亚大陆植被生长季节延长的趋势数值相近;(4)植被生长季节结束日期的显著推迟与晚春至夏季的区域性降温有关,而植被生长季节开始日期的不显著提前则与晚冬至春季气温趋势的不稳定变化有关;(5)在年际变化方面,植被生长季节开始和结束日期分别与2~4月份平均气温和5~6月份平均气温呈负相关关系。  相似文献   

17.
  总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Aim  To test whether satellite-derived NDVI values obtained during the growing season as delimited by the onset of phenological phases can be used to map bioclimatically a large region such as Fennoscandia.
Location  Fennoscandia north of about 58° N and neighbouring parts of NW Russia.
Methods  Phenology data on birch from 15 research stations and the half-monthly GIMMS-NDVI data set with 8 × 8 km2 resolution from the period 1982–2002 were used to characterize the growing season. To link surface phenology with NDVI data, new algorithms on a pixel-by-pixel basis that show high correlation with phenophases on birch were developed. Then, time-integrated values (TI NDVI) during the phenologically defined growing season were computed to produce a bioclimatological map of Fennoscandia, which was tested and correlated with growing degree days (GDD) obtained from 20 meteorological stations. The map was also compared vs. traditional bioclimatic maps, and analysed for error factors distorting NDVI values.
Results  The correlation between GDD and TI NDVI data during the phenologically defined growing season was very high. Therefore, the TI NDVI map could be presented as a bioclimatic map reflecting GDD. However, several major areas have interfering factors distorting NDVI values, such as the pixel heterogeneity caused by the altitudinal mosaic in western Norway, the mosaic of lakes in southeastern Finland, and the agriculture-dominated areas in southern Fennoscandia.
Main conclusions  TI NDVI data from the phenologically defined growing season during 1982–2002 in Fennoscandia can be processed as a bioclimatic map reflecting GDD, except for the areas distorting NDVI values by their strong ground-cover heterogeneity.  相似文献   

18.
NDVI曲线与农作物长势的时序互动规律   总被引:69,自引:2,他引:69       下载免费PDF全文
利用气象卫星NOAA AVHRR资料,反演出农作物生育期内每日和旬度的NDVI数据,分析了NDVI时间曲线的波动与农作物生长发育阶段及农作物长势的响应规律,并以华北冬小麦为例,探讨了NDVI在冬小麦中生育期的积分值与农作物单产之间的相互关系。结果表明,利用长时间序列的NDVI数据,结合作物的物候历,可以实现作物长势的遥感监测和产量遥感估算。  相似文献   

19.
We use eddy covariance measurements of net ecosystem productivity (NEP) from 21 FLUXNET sites (153 site-years of data) to investigate relationships between phenology and productivity (in terms of both NEP and gross ecosystem photosynthesis, GEP) in temperate and boreal forests. Results are used to evaluate the plausibility of four different conceptual models. Phenological indicators were derived from the eddy covariance time series, and from remote sensing and models. We examine spatial patterns (across sites) and temporal patterns (across years); an important conclusion is that it is likely that neither of these accurately represents how productivity will respond to future phenological shifts resulting from ongoing climate change. In spring and autumn, increased GEP resulting from an ‘extra’ day tends to be offset by concurrent, but smaller, increases in ecosystem respiration, and thus the effect on NEP is still positive. Spring productivity anomalies appear to have carry-over effects that translate to productivity anomalies in the following autumn, but it is not clear that these result directly from phenological anomalies. Finally, the productivity of evergreen needleleaf forests is less sensitive to phenology than is productivity of deciduous broadleaf forests. This has implications for how climate change may drive shifts in competition within mixed-species stands.  相似文献   

20.
    
Shifts in plant phenology regulate ecosystem structure and function, which feeds back to the climate system. However, drivers for the peak of growing season (POS) in seasonal dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems remain unclear. Here, spatial–temporal patterns of POS dynamics were analyzed by solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) and vegetation index in the Northern Hemisphere over the past two decades from 2001 to 2020. Overall, a slow advanced POS was observed in the Northern Hemisphere, while a delayed POS distributed mainly in northeastern North America. Trends of POS were driven by the start of growing season (SOS) rather than pre-POS climate both at hemisphere and biome scale. The effect of SOS on the trends in POS was the strongest in shrublands while the weakest in evergreen broad-leaved forest. These findings highlight the crucial role of biological rhythms rather than climatic factors in exploring seasonal carbon dynamics and global carbon balance.  相似文献   

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