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1.
用菌紫质LB(Langmuir—Blodgett)膜以一维形式模拟了视网膜神经节细胞的ON-中心型感受野。实验表明菌紫质LB膜具有ON型和OFF型微分响应特性。对运动狭缝,所模拟的人工视网膜感受野的周边区和中心区都具有类高斯函数形式的滤波特性,整个人工视网膜感受野具有与高等动物视网膜相似的DOG(DifferenceofGaussians)滤波运算功能。  相似文献   

2.
以菌紫质LB膜为基础的两种视觉感受野的某些特性的模拟   总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3  
发展视觉模拟的新技术和新材料一直为人们所期待。本文用菌紫质LB膜模拟动物视皮层简单细胞的ON-中心条型感受野,又用此膜以一维形式模拟了视网膜ON-中心型神经节X型细胞感受野。在观察了它们的感受野地图后,用前一种感受野模拟了取向调谐曲线和长度调谐曲线,用后一种感受野模拟了“零位置”和马赫效应。所有的模拟结果与电生理实验的有关结果符合较好。说明以菌紫质为材料的视觉功能和特性模拟前景良好。  相似文献   

3.
已知光敏蛋白菌紫质LB膜具有类似于视觉系统感受野的对光微分响应。利用这个特性,本文组装了一对人工视皮层条型简单细胞感受野,并测定了其朝向选择特性及ON-区闪光融合频率响应特性。在此基础上,用这一对人工感受野组成了猫视皮层细胞双眼汇聚功能模拟系统,并模拟了猫视皮层细胞双眼汇聚功能。  相似文献   

4.
已知光敏蛋白菌紫质LB膜具有类似于视觉系统感受野的对光微分响应。利用这个特性,本文组装了一对人工视皮层条型简单细胞感受野,并测定了其朝向选择特性及ON-区闪光融合频率响应特性。在此基础上,用这一对人工感受野组成了猫视皮层细胞双眼汇聚功能模拟系统,并模拟了猫视皮层细胞双眼汇聚功能。  相似文献   

5.
铜(或不锈钢)/保护膜/紫膜薄膜/氧化铟锡型菌紫质光电池(有时也叫做光感受器)具有微分光电流特性和方波型光电压特性。用该种光电池仿昆虫复眼的小眼结构构制了10眼菌紫质光感受器,用其模拟动物神经节细胞的ON中心感受野并用于运动边的检测  相似文献   

6.
应用菌紫质膜模拟动物“边”感受野并检测图像边界轮廓   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
菌紫质膜是一种颇有前途的分子电子器件材料。Tsutornu[1]以菌紫质膜为材料,完成了具有动物视觉功能特点的含256像素的图像传感器。此外,菌紫质膜还被用来模拟视觉感受野的运算功能[2-4]简单细胞“边”感受野由两个互为颉顽的ON响应区和OFF响应区组成。它对图像中的对比度信息具有敏感性。菌紫质膜因其优良的分辨率(5000线/min),灵敏度(1-805/cm2)以及光电特性而足以被用来制作人工“边”感受野,并模拟简单细胞“边”感受野的这一特性。以此为基础,本文构建了一个图像轮席检测的原理系统,成功地检测了简单图像轮廊。  相似文献   

7.
从家鸽视差表层总共记录了101个视网膜神经节单元,并定量分析研究ECMA损伤对其反应特性的影响,在对照组中,神经节单元都没有自发放电,而需要视觉刺激才能引起反应,对闪光刺激的反应,分别为ON—OFF,ON,OFF三种,其反应均是瞬变的,而且也都对在感受野内运动的小条纹起反应。42个单元中有14个是方向选择性单元。其它的则为运动敏感单元。方向选择性单元的无效方向不是均等分布的,其中有8个单元的无效是从前向后的,但没有发现其无效方向是从后向前的单元。与对照组相比,经ECMA损伤后的实验组中只记录到ON-OFF反应和ON反应单元,未能找到单独的OFF反应单元。神经节单元的ON反应部分为持续成分。所有的单元对运动条纹刺激都失掉了方向选择性,这些现象的机理可能是由于ECMA去除了胆碱能无足细胞所致。  相似文献   

8.
本文应用菌紫质沉淀膜在一维上模拟了动物GC感受野。以该人工感受野为基础,构建了一个边缘检测系统,并成功地对图像的边缘进行了检测。本文所获得的结果将为人工视觉、图像技术和分子电子器件的发展提供新的启示。  相似文献   

9.
应用菌紫质人工沉淀膜所具有的与动物视网膜类似的微分光电响应特性,以该人工膜为传感器构建了一个可检测图像边缘的原理系统,并成功地检测到了简单图像的边缘。本文的结果除进一步说明了菌紫质分子在图像技术中的应用前途外,还说明了这种分子在视觉功能模拟和人工视觉等方面的良好应用前景 。  相似文献   

10.
Wu D  Zhu PH 《生理科学进展》1998,29(4):349-351
脊椎动物视网膜双极细胞有ON型和OFF型两类:ON型双极细胞对光反应为去极化,OFF型双极细胞对光反应为超极化。现知,ON型双极细胞上含有代谢型谷氨酸受体,暗中光感受器细胞持续释放的谷所酸与之结合后,造成阳离子通道关闭,引起细胞超极化;光照时谷氨酸释放减少,引起去极化。而OFF型双极细胞上含有离子型谷氨酸受体,谷氨酸与之结合后受体本身通道打开,引起细胞去极化;光照时,谷氨酸释放减少,引起超极化。  相似文献   

11.
The extended classical receptive field (ECRF) of retinal ganglion cells has been modelled as a combination of three zero-mean Gaussians at three different scales that has been shown to be equivalent to a Biharmonic or Bi-Laplacian of Gaussian filter. It has also been shown that the ECRF can be approximated by a combination of Laplacian of Gaussian (LoG) and the Dirac-delta function. Zero-crossings detected with this operator are more informative than those detected by the traditional filters like LoG or Difference of Gaussians (DoG) that had been devised using the classical receptive field of the ganglion cells. We have also explained that such an additional information processing is not in contradiction with the recent experimental findings on the physiology of retinal ganglion cells.  相似文献   

12.
ON-center and OFF-center receptive fields of cat retinal ganglion cells can be divided into two categories: sensitive (type N) and insensitive (type L) to three statistical temporal visual stimuli with different second order statistics but identical first order statistics (Tsukada et al. 1982). The temporal pattern sensitivity of type N response is closely related to the nonlinear stage of Y cells depending on the interaction between center and surround mechanism. The temporal pattern sensitivity of type N responses has a spatial profile within the receptive field; it is highly sensitive in the center region of the receptive field and less sensitive toward the field periphery. The temporal pattern sensitivity in the center region of the receptive field to statistical properties (irregular or regular) of a surrounding flash annulus shows modulation like a switching element: when the surrounding area is stimulated by a more regular flash stimulus with normal distribution of inter-stimulus intervals the system is sensitive (switching on) to the temporal pattern, while a change to an irregular one with an exponential distribution makes it insensitive (switching off) to the temporal pattern.  相似文献   

13.
同心圆感受野去抑制特性的数学模拟   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5  
以感受野外周区内各亚区之间的抑制性相互作用为基础,提出了一个能描述视网膜神经节细胞传输特性的数学模型,此模型能很好地解释传统感受野外大范围去抑制区产生的机制。当用来处理亮度对比边缘时,它既能很好地增强边缘对比,又可有效地提升被传统感受野中心/外周拮抗机制所滤除了的区域亮度对比和亮度梯度信息。本文也用不同空间频率的光栅和真实图像检验了模型的空间频率传递特性,并与其它模型进行了比较。  相似文献   

14.
Traditionally the intensity discontinuities in an image are detected as zero-crossings of the second derivative with the help of a Laplacian of Gaussian (LOG) operator that models the receptive field of retinal Ganglion cells. Such zero-crossings supposedly form a raw primal sketch edge map of the external world in the primary visual cortex of the brain. Based on a new operator which is a linear combination of the LOG and a Dirac-delta function that models the extra-classical receptive field of the ganglion cells, we find that zero-crossing points thus generated, store in presence of noise, apart from the edge information, the shading information of the image in the form of density variation of these points. We have also shown that an optimal image contrast produces best mapping of the shading information to such zero-crossing density variation for a given amount of noise contamination. Furthermore, we have observed that an optimal amount of noise contamination reproduces the minimum optimal contrast and hence gives rise to the best representation of the original image. We show that this phenomenon is similar in nature to that of stochastic resonance phenomenon observed in psychophysical experiments.  相似文献   

15.
Expression of optogenetic tools in surviving inner retinal neurons to impart retinal light sensitivity has been a new strategy for restoring vision after photoreceptor degeneration. One potential approach for restoring retinal light sensitivity after photoreceptor degeneration is to express optogenetic tools in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). For this approach, restoration of ON and OFF center-surround receptive fields in RGCs, a key feature of visual information processing, may be important. A possible solution is to differentially express depolarizing and hyperpolarizing optogenetic tools, such as channelrhodopsin-2 and halorhodopsin, to the center and peripheral regions of the RGC dendritic field by using protein targeting motifs. Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors have proven to be a powerful vehicle for in vitro and in vivo gene delivery, including in the retina. Therefore, the search for protein targeting motifs that can achieve rAAV-mediated subcellular targeted expression would be particularly valuable for developing therapeutic applications. In this study, we identified two protein motifs that are suitable for rAAV-mediated subcellular targeting for generating center-surround receptive fields while reducing the axonal expression in RGCs. Resulting morphological dendritic field and physiological response field by center-targeting were significantly smaller than those produced by surround-targeting. rAAV motif-mediated protein targeting could also be a valuable tool for studying physiological function and clinical applications in other areas of the central nervous system.  相似文献   

16.
Schwartz G  Taylor S  Fisher C  Harris R  Berry MJ 《Neuron》2007,55(6):958-969
We show that when a moving object suddenly reverses direction, there is a brief, synchronous burst of firing within a population of retinal ganglion cells. This burst can be driven by either the leading or trailing edge of the object. The latency is constant for movement at different speeds, objects of different size, and bright versus dark contrasts. The same ganglion cells that signal a motion reversal also respond to smooth motion. We show that the brain can build a pure reversal detector using only a linear filter that reads out synchrony from a group of ganglion cells. These results indicate that not only can the retina anticipate the location of a smoothly moving object, but that it can also signal violations in its own prediction. We show that the reversal response cannot be explained by models of the classical receptive field and suggest that nonlinear receptive field subunits may be responsible.  相似文献   

17.
感受野是视觉系统信息处理的基本结构和功能单元。X、Y细胞是两类主要的视网膜神经节细胞。生理实验发现,在经典感受野之外还存在一个大范围的在周边去抑制区。文中采用周边去抑制区对经典外周的去抑制非线性使用方式,建立一个二维的与实验结果联系紧密的X、Y细胞统一的复合感受野模型。该模型不仅能模拟X细胞的null-test反应和Y细胞的on-off反应,还模拟了Y细胞在低空频刺激时的信频反应、圆面积空间的倍频  相似文献   

18.
It was postulated on the basis of results obtained by investigating retinal receptive fields of cats that experimental data reflecting the pattern of sensitivity of the receptive field coincide with certain orthogonal polynomials. These special functions have certain properties which can be regarded as spatial characteristics of the receptive fields whose differential sensitivity they describe. Within the framework of the suggested hypothesis visual analysis in the retina from the mathematical point of view can be regarded as a process of expansion of the curve of spatial distribution of brightness within the receptive fields in an orthogonal series. Physiologically speaking the retinal receptive fields can be interpreted as filters distinguishing an elementary orthogonal harmonic from the signal. This method of analysis results in maximal economy of the coding of visual information in the retina. The concepts put forward provide a fresh explanation of a number of physiological facts and they provide precise quantitative evaluations of the response of the receptive field to an arbitrary stimulus.  相似文献   

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