广西蕨类植物孢子形态的研究Ⅰ.水龙骨科

该文是广西蕨类植物孢子形态研究的第一部分。首次利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对广西产水龙骨科6属9种植物的孢子形态进行了观察研究。对每个种的孢子形态特征及表面纹饰进行了描述。水龙骨科6属9种植物孢子都为单裂缝类型孢子,孢子外壁表面具有皱状、细孔状、蠕虫状、瘤状、光滑、索状条纹和颗粒状纹饰7种纹饰类型。讨论了各属、种问的差异,为水龙骨科系统分类及孢粉学研究提供资料。     

14种剑蕨属植物的孢子形态特征及其系统分类学意义

利用扫描电子显微镜对水龙骨科(Polypodiaceae)剑蕨属(Loxogramme)14种植物的孢子形态和表面纹饰进行了观察。结果显示:剑蕨属的孢子具有单裂缝和三裂缝两种类型,个别物种具有中间过渡类型。剑蕨属的孢子纹饰为蠕虫状或浅波纹状。经比较发现,具三裂缝孢子的物种通常植株较小,而具单裂缝的种类则通常植株较大。从进化的角度来看,三裂缝孢子为原始类型,单裂缝孢子为进化类型,因而从孢子形态特征的角度支持剑蕨属为水龙骨科基部类群。     

广西蕨类植物孢子形态的研究Ⅱ.铁角蕨属

利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对广西产9种铁角蕨属植物即拟狭翅铁角蕨、黑柄铁角蕨、剑叶铁角蕨、长生铁角蕨、岭南铁角蕨、石生铁角蕨、阴湿铁角蕨、半边铁角蕨和细裂铁角蕨植物的孢子形态进行了观察,对每个种的形态特征进行了详细描述,其中5种铁角蕨属植物孢子的表面纹饰为首次报道。结果如下:9种铁角蕨属植物孢子都为单裂缝,两侧对称,极面观为椭圆形或近圆形,赤道面观为肾形、椭圆形或近圆形。主要纹饰类型有翅脊状纹饰、翅状纹饰和脊状纹饰类型。讨论了各种间的差异。为铁角蕨属的分类和系统演化研究提供孢粉学的资料。     

中国产石韦属植物孢子形态特征及分类学意义

利用光镜和扫描电镜,对石韦属(Pyrrosia)19种植物的孢子纹饰进行了研究。结果表明:19种石韦属孢子都为黄色,形态均为肾形,两侧对称,单裂缝,说明该属植物是一个自然类群。表面纹饰类型有3种,即瘤状、瘤状—疣状和瘤状—网脊状。孢子表面纹饰特征性状稳定,在种间存在较大差异。该研究结果可以为形态近似种的分类提供参考依据,同时也为石韦属属下分类系统的建立提供了重要证据。     

中国蕨类植物孢子形态的研究 Ⅰ. 海金沙科

此文是中国蕨类植物孢子形态研究的第一部分。首次利用扫描电镜对国产海金沙科Lygodiaceae 海金沙属Lygodium 10种植物的孢子形态进行了观察,并利用透射电镜对孢壁的结构进行了研究。此 外,还对采自国外的另外10种海金沙属植物的孢子进行了比较观察。海金沙属孢子为三裂缝,少数为单 裂缝,其表面纹饰可分为4种类型：①瘤状纹饰,海金沙属多数种类的孢子具此类型;②表面平滑,L. palmatum、L. subareolatum、L．yunnanense、L. volubile 等属此类型;③疣状纹饰,L. dimorphum、L．digita- tum、L. kingii等属此类型;④网穴状纹饰,L. scandens,L．reticulatum等属此类型。网状纹饰类型的孢子表面轮廓是由外壁形成,其余类型的孢子表面轮廓由周壁形成。此文还对海金沙属的孢子特征及其在分类上的意义进行了探讨。     

中国蕨类植物孢子形态的研究Ⅲ.金星蕨科1.毛蕨属

利用扫描电镜对中国产毛蕨属51种植物孢子形态进行了研究。结果表明：该属孢子为单裂缝,两侧对称,极面观为椭圆形,赤道面观为肾形,由周壁形成表面纹饰。表面纹饰可分为3种类型：(1)周壁具流苏状的翅状纹饰,表面有突起或穿孔,有19种属于此类型;(2)鸡冠状纹饰,有11种属于此类型;(3)刺状纹饰,有10种属于此类型。另外有11种具有上述纹饰的混合纹饰,被认为是中间类型。孢子的形态特征可作为该属的分类学和孢粉学研究的资料。     

中国蕨类植物孢子形态的研究 Ⅱ. 中国蕨科

利用扫描电镜对国产中国蕨科Sinopteridaceae植物9属61种6变种的孢子进行了观察。结果表明,该科植物的孢子可分为3种类型：(1)孢子球形,三裂缝;周壁较厚,疏松地包在孢子之外;外壁光滑,表面纹饰由周壁形成,呈网状、嵴状、刺状或皱状。除金粉蕨属Onychium和珠蕨属Cryptogramma外,该科其他属的植物都具此类型孢子。(2)孢子钝三角形,三裂缝;周壁较薄,由周壁和外壁共同形成表面轮廓,表面具疣状或颗粒状纹饰。具此类型孢子的只有珠蕨属。(3)孢子钝三角形,三裂缝,沿裂缝两侧各有一脊状隆起或瘤状纹饰;周壁薄,由外壁形成表面纹饰的基本轮廓;具赤道环、近极脊和远极脊。具此类型孢子的只有金粉蕨属。另外,从孢粉学的角度对该科的分类和系统演化进行了探讨。     

中国蕨类植物孢子形态的研究Ⅹ.水龙骨科

用扫描电镜对国产水龙骨科(Polypodiaceae)19属54种1变种1变型和国外产水龙骨科1属6种植物的孢子进行了观察.结果表明:该科植物的孢子为单裂缝,两侧对称,极面观为椭圆形,赤道面观为肾形或豆形,外壁较厚,光滑或形成疣状、波纹状或不规则块状纹饰,周壁较薄,具瘤状、颗粒状纹饰或光滑具附属物.根据孢子表面的纹饰可分为6种类型:(1)疣状纹饰,如东北多足蕨(Polypodium virginianum L.)和友水龙骨[Polypodiodes amoena (Wall.ex Mett.) Ching]等;(2)瘤状纹饰,如石韦[Pyrrosia lingua (Thunb.) Farwell]和石蕨[Saxiglossum angustissimum (Gies.) Ching]等;(3)颗粒状纹饰,如狭叶毛鳞蕨(Tricholepidium angustifolium Ching)和紫柄假瘤蕨[Phymatopteris crenatopinnata (C.B.Clarke) Pic.Serm.]等;(4)波纹状纹饰,如瓦韦[Lepisorus thunbergianus (Kaulf.) Ching]和伏石蕨(Lemmaphyllum microphyllum C.Presl)等;(5)不规则块状纹饰,如有边瓦韦(Lepisorus marginatus Ching)和江南星蕨[Microsorum fortunei (T.Moore) Ching]等;(6)光滑具附属物,如丝带蕨[Drymotaenium miyoshianum (Makino) Makino]和瘤蕨[Phymatosorus scolopendria (Burm.) Pic.Serm.]等.从孢粉学的角度探讨了该科的属间系统演化关系,认为水龙骨科可能具有4条不同的演化路线,并对其与近缘科的关系进行了探讨.     

中国蹄盖蕨属植物孢子形态的研究

利用扫描电子显微镜对我国产蹄盖蕨属44种植物的孢子进行了观察。结果表明,该属孢子形态为单裂缝,两侧对称,极面观为椭圆形,赤道面观为豆形。外壁表面光滑,由周壁形成表面纹装饰。根据周壁的结构和表面纹饰,可分为两种类型;一是周壁外层发达,形成粗大的脊状纹饰,有11种属此类型;二是周壁外层很薄或不完全发育,由周壁内层或中层形成表面纹饰,有33种属此类型纹饰。本文还就本属的孢子形态特征以及与本属的属下分类关系、本属与邻近属的关系等进行了讨论。     

22种假瘤蕨属植物孢子纹饰超微特征

利用扫描电镜对假瘤蕨属2系、5亚系22种植物的孢子纹饰特征进行了研究.结果显示:该属孢子为单裂缝、两侧对称,极面观为椭圆形,赤道面观为肾形.表面纹饰具有6种类型:光滑、粗糙、颗粒、棒状、疣状和瘤状纹饰以及它们之间的过渡类型.研究表明,孢子纹饰特征可以用来区分该属中的近缘种,但不能用以界定假瘤蕨属的属下分类--系和亚系.     

Study on the Spore Morphology of Subfam. Polypodioideae ( Polypodiaceae) in Yunnan,China

The spores of 8 species and 1 variety belonging to 4 genera of Polypodiaceae subfam. Polypodioideae in Yunnan, China were examined under LM and SEM. Of the species it is the first time to study the spores of Metapolyp odium manmeiense and Polypodiastrum mengtzeense under SEM. The results show that the spores of this subfam. Polypodioideae are morphologic uniform; they are monolete, bilaterally symmetric, ellipsoidal in polar view, bean- shaped in equatorial view, and with or without perispore. The surface ornamentation is regularly verrucate. In addition, the relationship of the spore morphology and taxonomy in Polypodiaceae subfam. Polypodioideae was discussed in this paper, providing more informative data for the systematics and palynology of Polypodiaceae.     

云南水龙骨科水龙骨亚科孢子形态的研究

利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对云南产水龙骨科水龙骨亚科4属8种1变种植物的孢子进行了详细观察,其中篦齿蕨Metapolypodium manmeiense以及扫描电镜下观察的蒙自拟水龙骨Polypodiastrum mengtzeense为首次报道。研究结果表明,该亚科植物孢子形态较为一致,均为单裂缝,两侧对称,极面观为椭圆形,赤道面观为豆形,具周壁或不具周壁,外壁正面观均为较整齐的疣状纹饰。本文还就孢子形态及其与该亚科植物的系统分类和演化关系进行了讨论,为水龙骨科的系统分类及孢粉学研究提供了资料。     

北京水龙骨科孢子形态的研究

利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对北京产水龙骨科２属４种孢子进行了详细观察,对每个种的形态特征进行了描述。讨论了各属、种间的差异,为水龙骨科系统分类及孢粉学研究提供资料。     

北京水龙骨科孢子形态的研究

利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对北京产水龙骨科2属4种孢子进行了详细观察,对每个种的形态特征进行了描述。讨论了各属、种间的差异,为水龙骨科系统分类及孢粉学研究提供资料。     

广西蕨类植物孢子形态的研究Ⅲ.凤尾蕨科

利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对广西产凤尾蕨科及其近缘科蕨科、姬蕨科和碗蕨科5属9种植物的孢子形态进行了观察研究,详细描述了9种植物孢子的形态及表面纹饰特征.井栏边草、刺齿凤尾蕨、隆林凤尾蕨、剑叶凤尾蕨、林下凤尾蕨、蕨和碗蕨植物的孢子为三裂缝,辐射对称;极面观为钝三角形,赤道面观为半圆形或超半圆形;栗蕨和姬蕨植物孢子为...     

Spore Morphology and Taxonomy of Polypodiaceae

The examination of spores belonging to eight species representing five genera of Polypodiaceae reveals that they are typically free, anisopolar and monolete (bilateral). In a majority of cases the spores are yellow and have a short laesura—about half the length of the greater equatorial axis of the spore. Generally, the spores are elliptical in polar view and plano-convex to concavo-convex in profile view but in cross section they vary in shape. The average measurements in equatorial plane range from 44 μ to 71 μ whereas in the polar direction they vary from 27 μ to 47 μ. The exine is thin (about 2.5 μ and nearly smooth (laevigose-scabrous-foveolose) in Microsorium and Phymatodes but in the other investigated genera, it is thicker, possessing different types of projections. P: E varies from 4.6 to 5.5: 8. Oil globules are present in the spores of some species.

Available data on morphology of spores of Polypodiaceae have been tabulated in two tables on a comparative basis and their importance in taxonomy and phylogeny of some genera have been discussed.     

Spore morphology of Serpocaulon A.R.Sm. and related taxa from Brazil (Polypodiaceae)

The epiphytic fern genus Serpocaulon (Polypodiaceae) comprises 42 species nested within the neotropical clade of the family together with genera such as Campyloneurum, Grammitis, Microgramma, Niphidium, Pleopeltis, Pecluma, Polypodium and Terpsichore. Although Serpocaulon is a well-supported genus, its intra-specific relationships are still not completely resolved. The morphological dataset for Serpocaulon and related genera is therefore expanded here with information on spore morphology to provide additional information for phylogenetic consideration. Spores have been collected from herbarium vouchers and acetolysed for light and scanning electron microscopy. All members of the neotropical clade have monolete spores, except for Grammitis and Terpsichore, which have trilete spores. Both verrucate and papillate ornamentation types are recognised. The palynological analysis shows close similarity between spores of Serpocaulon, Campyloneurum, Pleopeltis and Polypodium and supports close phylogenetic relationships between these taxa. Species of the grammitid clade, although nested within the Polypodiaceae, have spore morphology that supports a separate position.     

中国瓶尔小草科植物孢子形态的研究

利用扫描电镜对中国产瓶尔小草科2属7种的孢子进行了研究,其中包括瓶尔小草属6种,即裸茎瓶尔小草（OphioglossumnudicauleL．f）、尖头瓶尔小草（O．pedunculosumDesv．）、钝头瓶尔小草（O．petiolatumHook）、狭叶瓶尔小草（O．thermaleKom．）、心脏叶瓶尔小草（O．reticulatumL．）和瓶尔小草（O．vulgatumL．）,蛇蕨属1种,即蛇蕨（又名带状瓶尔小草OphiodermapendulaPresl）,对每个种的孢子形态特征进行描述。根据孢子形态特征,我们认为将中国的瓶尔小草科植物分为瓶尔小草属和蛇蕨属两个属是合适的。通过观察,进一步认定孢子外壁的纹饰特征极具分类参考价值,并可以作为种的界限的依据。     

Systematic implications of flavonoid pigments in the fern genus hemionitis (adiantiaceae)

The closely related fern generaHemionitis L. andGymnopteris Bernhardi are separated primarily on differences in leaf architecture and venation. Studies indicate that these characters are highly variable and unreliably diagnostic. Further, the type species of the two genera readily hybridize with each other. Spore morphology, as exhibited by SEM, does not support the traditional alignment of the species in these two genera: some species ofHemionitis andGymnopteris have the same rugose to papillate spores, while other species from both genera possess crested spores. The flavonoid chemistry of these taxa coincides with spore type, i.e., taxa from both genera which possess crested spores produce kaempferol and quercetin 3-0-glycosides, while species with tuberculate spores produce only quercetin 3,4′-0-glycosides. The spore and chemical data suggest a realignment of these taxa within a single genus, which would avoid the rather tenuous dependence on a single vegetative character for generic distinctions.