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1.
真菌产纤维素酶培养基中刚果红转移机理研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
通过对产纤维素酶真菌在纤维素刚果红液体培养基中刚果红染料移动情况研究,表明刚果红染料进入真菌的机制为纤维素分解真菌首先分解纤维素物质为含有葡聚糖等结构的多聚糖类物质,多聚糖与刚果红形成多聚糖-刚果红复合物,复合物不仅破吸附到产纤维素酶活的菌丝外表面,而且能被进一步转运吸收至该部分菌丝内部,使菌丝体和菌落呈现红色。所以,纤维素刚果红培养基可作为分离、筛选纤维素分解直菌的特异性培养基。  相似文献   

2.
通过对产纤维素酶真菌在纤维素刚果红液体培养基中刚果红染料移动情况研究,表明刚果红染料进入真菌的机制为纤维素分解真菌首先分解纤维素物质为含有葡聚糖等结构的多聚糖类物质,多聚糖与刚果红形成多聚糖-刚果红复合物,复合物不仅被吸附到产纤维素酶活的菌丝外表面,而且能被进一步转运吸收至该部分菌丝内部,使菌丝体和菌落呈现红色。所以,纤维素刚果红培养基可作为分离、筛选纤维素分解真菌的特异性培养基。  相似文献   

3.
为了消除或降低孔雀石绿染料的污染,从50余种野生大型真菌中筛选到3种对孔雀石绿染料有较强脱色作用的菌株即落叶松附毛孔菌、粘小奥德蘑和皱盖囊皮菌。采用单因素和正交设计试验探索了优选菌株落叶松附毛孔菌的培养基组成和脱色条件。结果显示其最佳发酵培养基组成为马铃薯20%、玉米汁2%、KH2PO4 0.3%、MgSO4?7H2O 0.15%;最佳脱色条件为染料初始浓度100mg/L、发酵液用量6mL、Mg2+浓度6mmol/L、pH6.0、温度50℃、摇床振荡速度150r/min。此条件下对孔雀石绿染料脱色1h,脱色率可达92.6%,其中Fe2+对脱色有很强的抑制作用。发酵液脱色受热、pH和Fe2+影响,推测,落叶松附毛孔菌对孔雀石绿脱色的活性成分可能是漆酶。  相似文献   

4.
袁海生  戴玉成  曹云  杨建 《菌物学报》2010,29(3):429-436
以平皿培养方式对采集自中国和芬兰的白腐真菌菌株降解6种不同结构的人工染料的能力进行了筛选研究。在40株菌株中,黑管孔菌Bjerkandera adusta Y5012,一色齿毛菌Cerrena unicolor Y5002,硬毛粗盖孔菌Funalia trogii Y4997,香栓孔菌Trametes suaveolens D8325和云芝栓孔菌Trametes versicolor Y4946对刚果红、橙黄G、茜素红、结晶紫、中性红和亚甲基蓝均显示出较强的脱色能力。对一色齿毛菌Cerrena unicolor Y5002的液体培养脱色条件进行了研究,其最适碳源和氮源分别为蔗糖和麦芽浸粉;在不同橙黄G浓度下均获得较高的脱色率,因此浓度为500mg/L的橙黄G未对该菌的脱色能力产生抑制作用,而浓度为400mg/L茜素红则对其脱色作用产生明显抑制。对菌丝生物量和染料脱色率的研究表明,在不同碳源和氮源条件下,两者之间具有明显的正相关性。  相似文献   

5.
一株脱色真菌的鉴定及脱色特性的初步探讨   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
从废水环境中分离筛选到一株高效染料脱色真菌, 根据形态学及显微特征初步鉴定为泡盛曲霉(Aspergillus awamori), 命名为Asaw117; 从偶氮类、蒽醌类和氧醌类中选取8种不同染料进行脱色分析表明, 该菌株对0.1 g/L蒽醌类染料还原蓝RSN的脱色率可达100%; 采用不同培养基及不同种类碳氮源进行试验比较, 菌株在查氏培养基中生长慢, 但脱色效果最好, 在马铃薯培养基中生长旺盛, 脱色效果次之。此外, 菌株Asaw117能利用还原蓝RSN作为氮源, 但不能利用其为碳源; 几种碳氮源组合实验中, 菌株在蔗糖、硝酸铵组合的査氏培养基脱色效果为好。因此对处理印染废水具有较好的应用潜力。  相似文献   

6.
通过稀释划线的方法,从土壤中分离到一株能降解刚果红的菌株(T1),从菌落和孢子形态来判断该菌为放线菌的链霉菌属。T1菌在含刚果红(100 mg.L-1)高氏液体培养基中培养6 d后,脱色率高达90%。对培养液进行200~800 nm波长扫描的结果表明,培养基中部分刚果红被T1菌降解,其余部分被菌体吸附。活菌体对染料的吸附效率比死菌体高。T1菌对刚果红的脱色主要是通过生物降解和菌体吸附作用来完成。  相似文献   

7.
【目的】在无营养条件下,利用白腐真菌绒毛栓孔菌(Trametes pubescens)菌丝体对染料进行脱色可减少试验成本,提高染料处理的实用性。【方法】将该菌株液体培养的菌丝体在无营养条件下对染料进行脱色,并对其中脱色效果较好的偶氮染料刚果红的脱色过程进行分析。在此过程中,测定了该菌株分泌的胞外胞内酶活力,优化影响因子如初始pH值、温度、染料浓度和盐度,同时利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析无营养条件下偶氮染料刚果红的降解产物。植物毒性试验测定刚果红经绒毛栓孔菌菌丝体脱色前后的毒性变化。【结果】菌丝体对偶氮染料刚果红有较好的脱色效果,在初始pH值为2.0,温度为30°C,染料浓度为80 mg/L,盐度为2.5%(质量体积比)时,150 r/min转速下培养7 d后脱色率可达80.52%。在此过程中,菌丝体可被连续使用2次,且其所分泌的酶系可降解染料。此外,通过气相色谱-质谱联用分析得到刚果红的降解产物为萘胺、联苯胺和叠氮萘。植物毒性试验显示在无营养条件下的绒毛栓孔菌菌丝体对染料有明显的脱毒作用。【结论】研究发现绒毛栓孔菌菌丝体在无营养条件下的偶氮染料废水处理中具有广阔的应用前景。  相似文献   

8.
温特曲霉HD1的鉴定及其对氧蒽类染料脱色特性的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
李孱  李林 《菌物系统》1999,18(1):67-72
从土壤中分离到1株染料脱色真菌,经鉴定命名为温特曲霉HD1。该菌对氧蒽类染料虎红具有很强的脱色能力。温度在28 ̄40℃之间,HD1对虎红的脱色率为93 ̄99%,最适脱色温度为33℃,pH值在4.0 ̄8.0之间,其脱色率为89.3 ̄98.8%,最适脱色pH值为6.0。培养基、碳源,氮源及接种量对其脱色率均有影响,该菌对虎红的脱色酶为组成酶,主要分布在细胞内,染料的加入能改变脱色酶在胞内外的分配比例,  相似文献   

9.
以新型白腐真菌——粗毛栓菌Trametes gallica为材料,研究了优化后的该菌菌丝球在非灭菌条件下对直接染料、中性染料、三苯甲烷类染料以及蒽醌类染料共12种染料的脱色能力、脱色机制,以及pH、温度、染料初始浓度等参数对该菌菌丝球脱色效果的影响。结果表明,优化条件下制备的粗毛栓菌菌丝球脱色活力良好,4℃下保存20d后仍保持有原脱色活力的95%;活菌丝球比死菌丝球对染料具有更强的耐受性和更好的脱色效果;非灭菌条件下活菌丝球对12种染料的适宜脱色条件为pH3.0–5.0、25℃、染料浓度为50mg/L、处理36–60h,该条件下粗毛栓菌菌丝球在60h内脱色率均在55%以上,其中粗毛栓菌菌丝球对亚甲基蓝脱色率最高可达到96.40%。紫外可见光谱分析和显微观察结果表明,48h内粗毛栓菌菌丝球在非灭菌条件下对12种染料的脱色是由吸附引起,无二次污染物的产生。粗毛栓菌的这些优良特性显示了其在工业染料废水处理中的广阔应用前景。  相似文献   

10.
建立Trametes hirsuta的生长繁殖和对模式染料比布列希猩红脱色降解的反应体系,研究表明:菌的生长与降解活动的适宜温度为30℃,静培养;培养基组分对脱色降解的影响不大;从便于观察和缩短反应周期考虑,土豆液体培养基有明显的优点,可作为建立Trametes hirsuta反应体系的首选培养基。菌对比布列希猩红、直接深蓝L-3RB、活性艳蓝X-BR、碱性紫5BN和亚甲基蓝等均有较好的脱色降解效果。  相似文献   

11.
A new fungus Ceriporia lacerate P2 which belongs to family Polyporaceae was evaluated for its ability to decolorize two different dyes Alizarin Red and Methyl Orange. Different parameters such as incubation time, pH, carbon source, nitrogen source and carbon/nitrogen regimes were used to find out the optimum medium for Ceriporia lacerate P2 on its ability of decolorization. The results show that the fungus had different ability to decolorize the two tested dyes. For Alizarin Red, the most suitable medium was at pH 3 and the best carbon and nitrogen source were sucrose and ammonium nitrate. While for Methyl Orange, the optimum medium was at pH 7–9 and the best carbon and nitrogen source were sucrose and urea.  相似文献   

12.
姚英  于存 《菌物学报》2019,38(2):272-280
一色齿毛菌Cerrena unicolor是分离自野外的一株能够降解木质素的白腐真菌。为明确一色齿毛菌对染料的脱色能力及脱色前后染料毒性的变化,本研究利用一色齿毛菌对固体条件下4种染料进行脱色能力的检测,筛选出较易脱色的染料后,对该染料的脱色条件进行优化,并以3种豆类发芽率为指标测定该染料脱色前后的毒性变化。结果表明,一色齿毛菌对4种染料均可脱色,其中对刚果红的脱色效果最为明显;一色齿毛菌对刚果红脱色条件的优化结果为:20g/L麦芽糖,1g/L硝酸铵,1mmol/L硫酸镁,接种9块直径1cm菌饼,10mg/L染料浓度,pH 7时脱色效果最好;刚果红染料脱色前后毒性测试结果显示:染料脱色前发酵液毒性>染料脱色后发酵液毒性>清水处理毒性,表明刚果红染料存在一定的毒性,但在被一色齿毛菌脱色后,染料毒性有所降低。本研究为一色齿毛菌在染料废水脱色方面的应用及降低染料废水毒性提供一定的参考依据。  相似文献   

13.
不同外源条件对4种白腐真菌溶藻效果的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
【目的】评价白腐真菌Irpex lacteus XX-5、Trichaptum abietinum 1302BG、Ceriporia lacerata P2、Bjerkandera adusta XX-2处理铜绿微囊藻废水的应用潜力。【方法】采用分批次实验研究pH、温度、铜绿微囊藻浓度、金属离子、氮源、磷源对白腐真菌I. lacteus XX-5、T. abietinum 1302BG、C. lacerata P2、B. adusta XX-2溶解铜绿微囊藻的影响。【结果】在不同外源条件下,4种白腐真菌对铜绿微囊藻的抑制效果明显,均达60%以上。菌株C. lacerata P2和B. adusta XX-2受外源条件的影响很小,菌株C. lacerata P2的抑制率达70%以上,菌株B. adusta XX-2的抑制率达60%以上;菌株T. abietinum 1302BG、I. lacteus XX-5在不同外源条件下抑制率均会发生相应的变化,但抑藻率均可达60%以上。【结论】研究所使用的4种白腐真菌对抑制铜绿微囊藻具有较好的应用潜力,尤其是菌株C. lacerata P2和B. adusta XX-2。  相似文献   

14.
The ability of a Brazilian strain ofPleurotus pulmonarius to decolorize structurally different synthetic dyes (including azo, triphenylmethane, heterocyclic and polymeric dyes) was investigated in solid and submerged cultures. Both were able to decolorize completely or partially 8 of 10 dyes (Amido Black, Congo Red, Trypan Blue, Methyl Green, Remazol Brilliant Blue R, Methyl Violet, Ethyl Violet, Brilliant Cresyl Blue). No decolorization of Methylene Blue and Poly R 478 was observed. Of the four phenol-oxidizing enzymes tested in culture filtrates (lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, aryl alcohol oxidase, laccase),P. pulmonarius produced only laccase. Both laccase activity and dye decolorization were related to glucose and ammonium starvation or to induction by ferulic acid. The decolorizationin vivo was tested using three dyes — Remazol Brilliant Blue R, Trypan Blue and Methyl Green. All of them were completely decolorized by crude extracellular extracts. Decolorization and laccase activity were equally affected by pH and temperature. Laccase can thus be considered to be the major enzyme involved in the ability ofP. pulmonarius to decolorize industrial dyes.  相似文献   

15.
Methyl violet, used extensively in the commercial textile industry and as a biological stain, is a hazardous recalcitrant. Aspergillus sp. strain CB-TKL-1 isolated from a water sample from Tsumoriri Lake, Karzok, Ladakh, India, was found to completely decolorize methyl violet within 24 h when cultured under aerobic conditions at 25 degrees C. The rate of decolorization was determined by monitoring the decrease in the absorbance maxima of the dye by UV-visible spectroscopy. The decolorization of methyl violet was optimal at pH 5.5 and 30 degrees C when agitated at 200 rpm. Addition of glucose or arabinose (2%) as a carbon source and sodium nitrate or soyapeptone (0.2%) as a nitrogen source enhanced the decolorization ability of the culture. Furthermore, the culture exhibited a maximum decolorization rate of methyl violet after 24 h when the C:N ratio was 10. Nine N-demethylated decolorized products of methyl violet were identified based on UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and LC-MS analyses. The decolorization of methyl violet at the end of 24 h generated mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, and hexa-Ndemethylated intermediates of pararosaniline. The variation of the relative absorption peaks in the decolorized sample indicated a linear decrease of hexa-N-demethylated compounds to non-N-demethylated pararosaniline, indicating a stepwise N-demethylation in the decolorization process.  相似文献   

16.
The ability of the white-rot fungus Lentinula (Lentinus) edodes to decolorize several synthetic dyes was investigated using solid state cultures with corn cob as substrate. Cultures, containing amido black, congo red, trypan blue, methyl green, remazol brilliant blue R, methyl violet, ethyl violet and Poly R478 at 200 ppm, were completely decolorized after 18 days of incubation. Partial decolorization was observed in the cultures containing 200 ppm of brilliant cresyl blue and methylene blue. High manganese peroxidase activity (2600 U/g substrate), but very low lignin peroxidase (<10 U/g substrate) and laccase (<16 U/g substrate) activities were detected in the cultures. In vitro, the dye decolorization was markedly decreased by the absence of manganic ions and H2O2. These data suggest that manganese peroxidase appear to be the main responsible for the capability of L. edodes to decolorize synthetic dyes.  相似文献   

17.
An isolated fungus, Aspergillus foetidus was found to effectively decolorize media containing azo reactive dyes namely, Drimarene dyes. The extent of color removal was greater than 95% within 48 h of growth of the fungus. The entire color was found to be strongly bioadsorbed to the rapidly settling fungal biomass pellets without undergoing significant biotransformation. Our investigations reveal that the process of decolorization is concomitant with the exponential growth phase of the fungus and has requirement for a biodegradable substrate such as glucose. The fungus was also able to decolorize media containing mixture of dyes to an extent of 85% within 72 h of growth. Kinetic analyses of fungal decolorization indicate that the process is time dependent and follows first order kinetics with respect to initial concentration of dye. The rates of color uptake (k values) decrease to a significant extent with increasing initial concentrations of dye. The fungus was able to grow and decolorize media in the presence of 5 ppm of chromium and 1% sodium chloride. An alternate and cheaper carbon source such as starch supported the growth and decolorization process. These results suggest that dye uptake process mediated by A. foetidus has a potential for large-scale treatment of textile mill discharges.  相似文献   

18.
The rate and efficiency of decolorization of poly R-478- or Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR)-containing agar plates (200 μg g−1) were tested to evaluate the dye degradation activity in a total of 103 wood-rotting fungal strains. Best strains were able to completely decolorize plates within 10 days at 28 °C. Irpex lacteus and Pleurotus ostreatus were selected and used for degradation of six different groups of dyes (azo, diazo, anthraquinone-based, heterocyclic, triphenylmethane, phthalocyanine) on agar plates. Both fungi efficiently degraded dyes from all groups. Removal of RBBR, Bromophenol blue, Cu-phthalocyanine, Methyl red and Congo red was studied with I. lacteus also in liquid medium. Within 14 days, the following color reductions were attained: RBBR 93%, Bromophenol blue 100%, Cu-phthalocyanine 98%, Methyl red 56%, Congo red 58%. The ability of I. lacteus to degrade RBBR spiked into sterile soil was checked, the removal being 77% of the dye added within 6 weeks. The capacity of selected white rot fungal species to remove efficiently diverse synthetic dyes from water and soil environments is documented.  相似文献   

19.
张富美  侯瑞 《菌物学报》2019,38(9):1527-1537
本研究从未成熟的有机蓝莓表皮分离、纯化得到一株白腐真菌G11,通过对菌株G11的形态特征、ITS序列同源性比对以及系统发育分析,鉴定菌株G11为一株烟管孔菌Bjerkandera adusta。菌株G11可以产生木质素过氧化物酶、漆酶和锰过氧化物酶等木质素降解酶。菌株G11对8种不同染料的脱色效果显示其对活性染料的脱色效果最好,脱色率达到90%所需时间最短。以菌株G11为研究对象,研究其对不同浓度的活性黑和活性红的脱色能力,结果表明:菌株G11对活性红和活性黑具有显著的脱色能力。在脱色15d时,菌株G11对浓度为10、50、100、250、500mg/L活性红的脱色率分别为99%、98%、95%、94%和92%;对浓度为10、50、100、250、500mg/L活性黑的脱色率分别为98%、97%、95%、93%和90%。  相似文献   

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