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1.
菊叶薯蓣的快速繁殖研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
我国野生的薯蓣皂甙类植物由于盲目采集已日渐枯绝,甚至面临绝种的危险。原产于墨西哥的菊叶薯蓣不仅产量高、含薯蓣皂甙也高,因此在我国有很大的开发利用潜力。本文的工作是对菊叶薯蓣的外植体进行组织培养,筛选出了诱导芽和诱导根的优化培养基与培养条件,建立了无性快速繁殖培养系,获得了完整的培养植株并移栽成功。  相似文献   

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利用含p Ri A4质粒的农杆菌C58C1浸染白英叶片获得能在无植物生长物质培养基上自主生长的毛状根单克隆系,且毛状根中薯蓣皂苷元含量高于野生型白英植株。在液体培养基中添加不同浓度的6-苄氨基腺嘌呤(6-BA)、萘乙酸(NAA)或6-BA与NAA的结合处理白英毛状根,观察其对毛状根生长的影响,并利用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定毛状根中薯蓣皂苷元含量。结果表明,6-BA抑制白英毛状根的生长,且随6-BA浓度增加,抑制作用越明显,6-BA能增加白英毛状根每克干物质中薯蓣皂苷元的含量,但降低培养瓶中毛状根薯蓣皂苷元总量。NAA对毛状根的生长有促进作用,其中,经0.5 mg·L-1NAA处理的毛状根在培养30 d时干重达到同期对照的1.76倍。虽然NAA降低每克干物质中薯蓣皂苷元含量,但提高培养瓶中毛状根薯蓣皂苷元总量,薯蓣皂苷元总量最高可达0.97 mg(DW)·瓶-1,是对照整个培养过程中最大值的1.37倍。6-BA与0.5 mg·L-1 NAA的结合抑制白英毛状根的生长,同时降低每克干物质中薯蓣皂苷元的含量。  相似文献   

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盾叶薯蓣试管株芽的诱导   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
以盾叶薯蓣(Dioscoreazingiberensis)试管植株为材料,选取带芽茎段为外植体,转接到株芽诱导培养基上15d后,原茎段基部开始产生株芽突起,30d后每一茎段可产生3-5个已生根的株芽,株芽诱导率为100%,株芽诱导数为180个/40株,其移栽成活率可达90%以上。株芽形成的适宜培养条件:温度为26±2℃,光照时间14hd-1,光照强度为1500-2000lx;适宜培养基组成为:MS+6-BA4.0mgL-1+IBA1.0mgL-1+蔗糖6%-9%+活性炭0.5%+琼脂7%。离体诱导的盾叶薯蓣试管株芽能直接发育为新植株,为盾叶薯蓣的快繁提供了一种新的方法。  相似文献   

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研究了镰刀菌(Fusarium solani)诱导子对盾叶薯蓣离体培养物中薯蓣皂素合成的影响。结果表明:当培养基中诱导子糖含量达到30 mg GE/L时能使薯蓣皂素的含量明显提高;薯蓣皂素含量的最大值出现在镰刀菌诱导子处理后的第35 d,达到对照的2倍左右;盾叶薯蓣离体培养物PPO、SOD活性以及可溶性蛋白含量在添加诱导子后呈现一定的规律性变化。  相似文献   

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油菜子叶、下胚轴和根愈伤组织的诱导和植株再生   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
我们从1978年开始,用油菜幼苗的子叶、下胚轴和根进行组织培养,探索在油菜无性系快速繁殖中的应用。油菜组织培养方面的资料,目前仅见有茎段培养、花药培养,花器培养和叶肉原生质体培养。由花器各部分诱导形成的植株有早花现象,由茎段再生的植株,从茎段外植体至再生植株成熟只要90天。用油菜子叶、下胚轴和根诱导产生愈伤组织并从子叶和下胚轴愈伤  相似文献   

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发根农杆菌对短叶红豆杉的转化及毛状根中紫杉醇的产生   总被引:47,自引:0,他引:47  
发根农杆菌(Agrobacteriumrhizogenes)A4(ATCC31789)感染短叶红豆杉(Taxusbrevifolia)芽外植株,30~35d后可诱导出毛状根,40d后转化率可达30%,毛状根经农杆碱单克隆抗体酶联免疫分析,证明已被转化,毛状根生长速度较快,5株毛状根在无激素的B5液体培养基中悬浮培养2d生物量平均增加约9倍,是同等条件下短叶红豆杉愈伤组织液体悬浮培养的2.9倍。经紫  相似文献   

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发根土壤杆菌Ri质粒对黄瓜进行遗传转化的研究   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
刘伟华  任如意 《植物研究》1997,17(4):436-440
以发根土壤杆菌Ri质粒介导,对载体pBTC-8上的T-DNA转化黄瓜进行了初步研究。采用黄瓜的各种不同外植体片断与土壤直菌共培养的方法,诱导出具有典型毛状根特性的转化根,转化根经诱导培养形成愈伤组织,冠瘿碱检测表明,转化根及愈伤组织含有农杆碱和甘露碱。愈伤组织进一步分化培养再生出完整植株。再生植株表现卡那霉素抗性。  相似文献   

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盾叶薯蓣组织培养技术的优化   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
以盾叶薯蓣的根状茎、茎段、叶柄、幼叶为材料,进行愈伤组织诱导、分化及再生植株形成的研究。结果表明:盾叶薯蓣不同外植体均能诱导出愈伤组织,其中茎段愈伤组织的诱导率最高;不同激素配比的培养基对愈伤组织的形成有很大的影响:以LS为基本培养基,2,4-D浓度为4.0mg/L、6-BA浓度为1.0mg/L的激素配比诱导率最高,达62.5%;以改良MS为基本培养基,2,4-D浓度为2.0mg/L、6-BA浓度为0.5mg/L的激素配比诱导率最高,达71.4%。筛选到优化的分化培养基为改良MS附加2.0mg/L的6-BA和0.5mg/L的Vc,且能直接诱导出根,并形成完整植株。  相似文献   

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紫云英细胞转化条件的研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
研究了紫云英(AstragalussinicusL.)细胞遗传转化的条件。根癌农杆菌(Agrobacteriumtum efaciens)经含乙酰丁香酮的低pH/PO3-4 诱导培养后,用来感染紫云英下胚轴原生质体,随后的细胞GUS瞬间表达活性显著提高,间接证明了上述预培养诱导活化了细菌vir基因,促进了T-DNA 向植物细胞转移。在PEG介导的DNA 转移中,较高的pH 和Ca2+ 浓度能够提高细胞GUS活性。质粒DNA 浓度及启动子类型对外源基因在植物细胞内表达也有一定影响。采用外植体-农杆菌共培养法,获得GUS和NPT Ⅱ基因稳定表达的紫云英转化植株  相似文献   

10.
四倍体盾叶薯蓣生物学特性的研究   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
以离体诱导获得的四倍体盾叶薯蓣(Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wight)为材料,对其进行生物学习性观察、花粉育性鉴定以及人工授粉试验。研究结果表明:四倍体植株试管苗移栽到大田后生长发育基本正常,但四倍体植株相对二倍体植株表现出各生长发育时期滞后的现象;两年生植株分化形成了雌、雄株,花粉活力为41%,与二倍体植株互为父母本的结实率分别为8.2%和6.3%;四倍体雌株与四倍体雄株受精结实的后代经检测为四倍体。表明离体诱导的四倍体盾叶薯蓣具有较低的育性,其多倍体倍性可稳定遗传。  相似文献   

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Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.  相似文献   

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Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.  相似文献   

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Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.  相似文献   

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正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases  相似文献   

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