盐生车前染色体核型首次报道

本文报道了产于陕西的盐生车前的核型公式K(2n)=12=10m+2sm,核型“1A”型,其染色体相对长度为21.10μm,由6对染色体组成。     

葱属粗根组5种材料的核型研究

本文分析了葱属Allium粗根组Sect．Bromatorrhiza Ekberg五群材料的核型。多星韭Allium wallichii Kunth有两个类型：第一类型是二倍体,染色体组公式为AA,核型公式为K(2n)=2X=14=2m(SAT)+2m+10sm,属2A型;第二类型是同源四倍体,染色体组公式为AAAA, 核型公式为K(2n)＝4X＝28＝2m(SAT)+6m十20sm,属2A型。宽叶韭Allium hookeri Thwaites有三个类型： 第一类型是双基数同源异源三倍体,染色体组公式为AAB1,核型公式为 K(2n)＝2X+ x'＝22＝(12sm+2t)十(1m十45m+1st+2t), 属3A型; 第二类型也是双基数同源异源三倍体,能配对的两个染色体组染色体大小和形态与第一类型大体相似,不能配对的一个染色体组染色体大小和形态与第一类型有明显区别,其中至少有两条染色体发生了罗伯逊易位,出现一条很大的染色体和一条很小的染色体,染色体组公式为AAB2,核型公式为K(2n)=2x+x'＝22=(12sm+2t)+ (3m+1sm十2st+2t),属3A型;第三类型相当于第一类型染色体的自然加倍,是双基数同源异源六倍体,染色体组公式为AAAAB1B1,核型公式为K(2n)=4X十2x'＝44＝(24sm+4t)十(2m+ 8sm十2st+4t),属3A型。     

葱属根茎组8种植物的染色体数目和核型报道

本文对国产葱属根茎组的8种植物进行了染色体研究,发现染色体数目2n＝16或32,核型属2A 或2B型,对称性较高。其染色体数目和核型分别为：Allium leucocephalum 2n(2x)＝16＝12m+2sm +2st(2SAT); A,strictum 2n(4x)＝32＝16m+4sm+12st;A.ramosum 2n(2x)＝16=14m+2st (2SAT); A．bidentatum 2n(4x)=32＝24m+4sm+4T;A．tenuissimum 2n(2x)=16=10m+4sm+ 2st(2SAT),A．anisopodium 2n(2x)＝16＝12m+2sm+2st(2SAT);A．anisopodium var．zimmermanni anum 2n(4x)＝32＝24m+4sm+4st(4SAT); A．condensatum 2n(2x)＝16＝14m+2st(2SAT)。多数种的染色体资料为国内首次报道。     

条叶车前和小车前的核型报道

本文报道了车前属两种车前的核型。Ｐｌａｎｔａｇｏｌｅｓｉｎｇｉ为２ｎ＝１２,核型属于“２Ａ”,核型公式为Ｋ（２ｎ）＝１２＝１０ｍ＋２ｓｍ;Ｐ．ｍｉｎｕｔａ为２ｎ＝１２,核型仍属“２Ａ”型,核型公式Ｋ（２ｎ）＝１２＝８ｍ＋２ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ。染色体相对长度组成,前者２ｎ＝２Ｌ＋４Ｍ２＋４Ｍ１＋２Ｓ１,后为２ｎ＝６Ｍ２＋６Ｍ１,染色体总长分别为３０．６０、２９．８０,由１２条染色体组成,还测量了这两种车前的染色体体积。     

新船叶藓的核型分析

新船叶藓Neodolichomitra robusta(Broth．)Nog．为东亚特有种,其配子体茎尖细胞有丝分裂中期的染色体数为n＝5,核型为K(n)＝5＝4V+1J或K(n)＝5＝4 m+1 sm,在核型分类中属于“2A”型。该研究结果为国内外首次报道。     

山东米口袋属植物的核型分析

对山东米口袋属 ( Gueldenstaedtia Fisch.)植物进行了核型分析。米口袋 ( G.multiflora Bge.)核型公式 K( 2 n) =2 x=14 =14 m ,相对长度组成 2 n=14 =6 M2 +8M1,“1A”类型 ;狭叶米口袋 ( G.stenophylla Bge.)核型公式 K( 2 n) =2 x=14 =14 m,相对长度组成 2 n=14 =8M2 +6 M1,“1A”类型 ;光滑米口袋 ( G.maritimaMaxim.)核型公式 K( 2 n) =2 x=14 =12 m+2 sm,相对长度组成 2 n=14 =4 M2 +10 M1,“1A”类型。     

北苍术的细胞学研究

本文报道了北苍术的核型分析资料;其核型公式为K(2n)=24=10m+4sm(SAT)+10sm属“3B”型,染色体相对长度组成为2n=24=6L+4M_2+2M_1+12S,笔者并将其与本属近缘种白术(A.mocrocepola Koidz.)的核型相比较.白苍术较为进化。 本文还计算了北苍术的染色体体积。     

5种桤木属植物的核型分析

利用改良去壁低渗法对桦木科（Betulaceae）桤木属（Ainus Mill.）东亚地区5种植物进行染色体数目与核型研究。结果显示：所试验物种中染色体形态比较一致,多是由中部（m）及近中部（sm）着丝点染色体组成。其中A.nitida染色体数为2n=28,核型公式为K（2n）=28=22m 4sm(2SAT) 2st(2SAT);A.hirsuta染色体数为2n=42,核型公式为K(2n)=42=36m 6sm; A.cremastogyne,A.formosana 染色体数均为2n=56,核型公式分别为K(2n)=56=2M 40m(1SAT) 14sm(1SAT)和K(2n)=56=46m 8sm 2st;A.firma染色体数为2n=112,核型公式为K(2n)=112=80m 28sm 4st。     

当归属及近缘小属的核型演化及地理分布研究

本文报道了当归属Angelica及3个近缘小属12种植物的核型,其中10种为首次报道。带岭当归A．dailingensis 2n＝22＝20m+2sm(SAT);丽江当属A．likiangensis 2n＝22＝18m+4sm; 青海当归A．nitida 2n＝22＝14m+4sm+4sm(SAT);林当归A．silvestris 2n＝22＝16m+4sm(SAT)+2st(SAT);紫花前胡A．decursiva 2n=22＝16m+4sm+2sm(SAT);秦岭当归A．tsinlingensis 2n＝22＝18m+4sm; 阿坝当归A．apaensis 2n＝22＝14m+6sm+2st(SAT);隆萼当归A．oncosepala2n＝4x＝44＝28m+12sm+4st,三小叶当归A．ternata 2n=22＝10m+8sm(SAT)+4st(SAT);柳叶芹Czernaevialaevigata 2n=22＝14m+6sm+2sm(SAT);短茎古当归Archangelica brevicaulis 2n＝22＝8m+2m(SAT)+4sm+4sm(SAT)+4st;高山芹Coelopleurum saxatile 2n＝28＝12m+6sm+10st。除带岭当归核型为1A型和高山芹为2B型外,其余种类均为2A型。根据染色体长度比和平均臂比绘制了本次和我们过去已报道的当归属及近缘属23种植物的核型散点图。据核型类型和近端着丝点的有无,把当归属20个种的核型分3组。并结合外部形态、花粉类型和地理分布,探讨了各近缘属的系统演化关系。     

两个茄子品种的核型分析

对栽培茄的2个品种即屏东长茄和紫奇的核型进行分析,结果表明:屏东长茄的核型公式为2n=22m+2sm(2SAT),染色体相对长度组成为2n=10M1+14M2;紫奇的核型公式为2n=20m+4sm(2SAT),染色体相对长度组成为2n=14M1+10M2;两个品种的染色体数目均为2n=24,核型均属于2A型.     

车前属两种植物的核型研究

本文对我国两种车前属Ｐｌａｎｔａｇｏ植物的核型进行了分析。２个种的染色体数目均为２ｎ＝２ｘ＝１２。它们的核型是：海滨车前Ｐ．ｃａｍｔｓｃｈａｔｉｃａＬｉｎｋ,Ｅｎｕｍ．２ｎ＝２ｘ＝１２＝８ｍ＋４ｓｍ;毛车前Ｐ．ｊｅｈｏｈｌｅｎｓｉｓＫｏｉｄｚ．２ｎ＝２ｘ＝１２＝６ｍ＋４ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ。它们的核型均属“２Ａ”型。由１２条染色体组成。     

3种北美冷杉的核型研究

本文首次报道３种北美冷杉Ａｂｉｅｓ ａｍａｂｉｌｉｓ、Ａ．ｇｒａｎｄｉｓ和Ａ．ｌａｓｉｏｃａｒｐａ的根尖体细胞核型、染色体参数及核型模式图。核型公式分别是Ｋ（２ｎ）＝２４＝１６ｍ（４ＳＣ）＋８ｓｍ、１４ｍ（２ＳＣ）＋１０ｓｍ和１８ｍ（４ＳＣ）＋６ｓｍ,染色体相对长度组成为２ｎ＝２４＝２Ｌ＋１２Ｍ２＋６Ｍ１＋４Ｓ、２Ｌ＋１２Ｍ２＋８Ｍ１＋２Ｓ和２Ｌ＋８Ｍ２＋１２Ｍ１＋２Ｓ。均为２Ａ核型类型。文中还讨     

亚洲苦草与刺苦草的染色体数目和核型

本文以亚洲苦草和刺苦草根尖为实验材料,对其染色体数目及核型进行了研究,结果表明,两个种均为2n=20,同属Stebbins的不对称核型,亚洲苦草为“3B”,刺苦草为“2B”。核型公式分别为:K(2n)=20=2m+12sm+6st,K(2n)=20=2M+2m+14sm+2st。     

辽宁地区产6种乌头(Aconitum)的细胞分类学研究

对我国辽宁地区毛莨科(Ranunculaceae)乌头属(Aconitum) 6个种的染色体的数目和形态进行了研究,并进行了核型分析。其染色体基数为X=8,核型公式为:两色乌头:2n=2x=2m+10sm+4st;蛇岛乌头为:2n=4x=10m+20sm(SAT)+2st+2B;黄花乌头为:2n=4x=4m+12sm(SAT)+8st+1B;北乌头三倍体为:2n=3x=2M+4m+18sm;北乌头4倍体为2n=4x=4m+28sm。同时,对乌头属下某些种的分类学问题进行了探讨。     

Karyotype Analysis of 5 Species of Polygonatum Mill.

The present paper reports the chromosome numbers and karyotypes of five species in Polygonatum from Anhui of China. The materials used in this work are listed in Table 1, Photomicrographs of somatic metaphase and karyograms of the five species of Polygonatum in Plate 1, 2, 3, the idiograms in Fig. 1-11 and a comparison of the karyotype of them is provided in Table 2. The results are shown as follows: 1. Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.)Druce Two materials were examined. One from Mt. Huangshan, Anhui, has 2n= 16 = 10m (3sc)+ 6sm (Plate 1 :A, B). The idiogram is shown in Fig. 1. The chromosomes range in length from 2.85 to 8.85 μm, with the total length 48.63μm and the ratio of the longest to the shortest 3.11, The karyotype belong to Stebbins’(1971) 2B. The two chromosomes of the first pair have arm ratios 1.01 and 1.29 respectively, and The first pair has one chromosome carrying a satellite attached to the short arm, showing heterozyosity .The chromosome num ber of 2n= 16 in P. odoratum and its karyotype are reported for the first time. The other from Langyashan, Chu - xian, Anhui, is found to have 2n = 18 = 10m (Isc)+2sm+6st(2sc) (Plate 1: C, D). The idiogram is shown in Fig. 2. The chromosomes range in length from 2.43 to 8.29μm, with the total length 46.67µm and the ratio of the longest to the shortest 3.41. The karyotype is also of 2B. In a somatic chromosome complement the 2nd pair have one chromosome carrying a satellite attached to the long arm, showing heterozygosity. 2. Polygonatum filipes Merr. Two materials were examined. One from the Huangshan, Anhui is found to have two cytotypes: 2n= 16 and 2n=22. This paper reports one of them. The karyotype formula is 2n=22=8m+8sm(2sc)+6st(Plate 3: Q, R). The idiogram is shown in Fig. 3. The chromosomes range in length from 2.55- 5.85μm, with the total length 45.01 μm and the ratio of the longest to the shortest 2.29. The karyotype belongs to 3B. The other material from the Fangchang, Anhui, is shown to have four cytitypes: 2n= 14, 2n= 16, 2n=20 (Plate 3: W) and 2n=22. This paper reports two of them. Type I: the karytype formula is 2n=14=10m+4sm (Plate 3: S, T). The idiogram is shown in Fig. 5. The chromosomes range in length from 2.59 to 7.61μm, the total length 37.44μm and the ratio of the longest to the shortest is 2.94. the karyotype belongs to 2B. Type II :The karyotype formula is 2n=16=8m+4sm+4st (Plate 3: U, V). The idiogram is shown in Fig. 4. The chromosomes range in length from 2.65 to 8.21 μm, the total length 46.01 μm and the ratio of the longest to the shortest 3.10. The karyotype belongs to 2B. The chromosome numbers of 2n=20, 2n= 14 and 2n=22, and karyotype of 2n= 14 and 2n=22 in P. filipes are reported for the first time. 3. Polygonatum cytonema Hua Two materials were examined. One from the Langyashan, Chuxian, anhui, is found to have 2n = 18 = 8m (2sc)+ 6sm+ 4st (Plate 2: K, L). The idiogram is shown in Fig. 7. The chromosomes range in length from 3.41 to 9.21 μm, the total length 56.34μm and the ratio of the longest to the shortest is 2.70. The karyotype belongs to 2B. The other material from the Huangshan, Anhui, has two cytotypes: 2n=20 and 2n= 22. Type I: The karyotype formula is 2n= 20= 8m+ 6sm+ 6st (Plate 2: M, N). The idiogram is shown in Fig. 8. The chromosomes range in length from 1.75 to 5.03μm, with the total length 32. 91μm and the ratio of the longest to the shortest 2. 87. The karyotype is also of 2B. Type II: The karyotype formula is 2n=22=6m+ 8sm+4st+ 4t (Plate 2: O, P ). The idiogram is Shown in Fig. 10. The chromosomes range in length from 1.75 to 4.95 μm, with total length 35.05μm and the ratio of the longest to the shortest 2.83. The karyotype brlongs to 3B. 4. Polygonatum desoulayi kom. The material from Xuancheng, Anhui, is found to have karyotype 2n = 22 = 10m (2sc) + 6sm (lsc) + 6st ( Plate 2. I, J). The idiogram is shown in Fig. 6. The chromosomes range in length from 1.86 to 5.61μm, with the total length 41.98μm and the ratio of the longest to the shortest 3.02. The karyotype is also of 3B. The first pair has one chromosome carrying a satellite attached to the long arm, showing heterozygosity. The chromosome number and karyotype of Chinese material are reported for the first time. 5. Polygonatum verticillatum (L.) All. The material from the Langyashan, Chuxian, Anhui is found to have two cytotypes. Type 1: the karyotype formula is 2n = 18 = 2m+ 2sm+ 10st+ 2t+ 2T (Plate 1: G, H). The idiogram is shown in Fig.9. The chromosomes range in length from 1.86 to 4.03μm, with total length 28.28μm and the ratio of the longest to the shortest 2.17. The karyotype classification belongs to 3B. Type II: The karyotype formula is 2n=24=6m+4sm+12st+2T (Plate 1: E, F). The idiogram is shown in Fig. II. The chromosomes range in length from 2.01 to 5.03μm, with total length 41.36μm and the ratio of longest to shortest 2.50. The karyotype is also of 3B. The chromosome numbers and karyotypes of Chinese material are reported for the first time.     

浙江鸭跖草属植物的核型研究

本文报道了浙江二种鸭跖草属植物──饭包草ＣｏｍｍｅｌｉｎａｂｅｎｇａｌｅｎｓｉｓＬ．和鸭跖草ＣｏｍｍｅｌｉｎａｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｓＬ．的染色体数目与核型：ＣｏｍｍｅｌｉｎａｂｅｎｇａｌｅｎｓｉｓＬ．核型为Ｋ（２ｎ）＝２２＝１８ｍ＋４ｓｍＣｏｍｍｅｌｉｎａｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｓＬ．核型为Ｋ（２ｎ）＝２２＝４Ｍ＋１２ｍ＋４ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ     

三裂叶豚草和普通豚草的染色体核型研究

本文对产自中国东北地区和南昌市的三裂叶豚草和普通豚草进行了染色体观察与核型分析,两种豚草的染色体数目分别为２ｎ＝２４和２ｎ＝３６,与前人的报导一致,染色体核型未见到报导。     

獐牙菜属5种植物的核型研究

首次报道了中国５种獐芽菜属植物的染色体数目和核型。它们染色体中期核和相对长度组分分别是：四数獐牙菜为２ｎ＝１４＝４ｍ＋８ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ＝２Ｌ＋６Ｍ２＋４Ｍ１＋２Ｓ;华北獐牙菜２ｎ＝２８＝１２ｍ＋１４ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ＝６Ｌ＋８Ｍ１＋＋６Ｓ;二叶獐牙菜为２ｎ＝２８＝１４ｍ＋４ｓｍ＋１０ｓｔ＝２Ｌ＋１４Ｍ２＋１０１＋ｓＳ;抱茎獐 菜为２ｎ＝６ｍ＋１２ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ＝８Ｍ２＋１２Ｍ;浙江獐牙菜为２ｎ＝２０＝８ｍ＋