家蚕FXPRL神经肽前体基因的体外转录

昆虫滞育激素（Ｄｉａｐａｕｓｅｈｏｒｍｏｎｅ：ＤＨ）、性信息素合成激活肽（Ｐｈｅｒｏｍｏｎｅｂｉｏｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓａｃｔｉｖａｔｉｎｇｎｅｕｒｏｐｅｐｔｉｄｅ：ＰＢＡＮ）是诱导昆虫滞育和性信息素（Ｓｅｘｐｈｅｒｏｍｏｎｅ）合成的两个重要神经肽［１...     

昆虫激素对信息素合成和释放的调节

<正> 昆虫信息素的产生和释放受各种环境因子和生理因子的影响,这些因子的信号通过神经激素的调节来控制信息素的合成和释放,同样对于接受信息素信号的个体,神经激素可调节对于信息素的反应活动。 一、Barth提出的关于神经内分泌 对于昆虫信息素调控的假设     

家蚕滞育激素－性信息素合成激活肽基因的表达

家蚕滞育激素－性信息素合成激活肽基因的表达徐卫华（中国农业科学院蚕业研究所,江苏镇江,２１２０００）山下兴亚（名古屋大学农学院,日本名古屋,４６４－０１）关键词滞育激素－性信息素合成激活肽基因;发育阶段;表达;家蚕昆虫是地球上最繁盛的物种,占地球上生...     

昆虫性信息素研究进展

一、什么是昆虫性信息素性信息素(sexpheromone)是由一种昆虫产生和释放出来,引诱或激起同种异性昆虫交配的化学物质。昆虫性信息素按其作用方式可分为两种:一种是挥发性性信息素,有远距离的引诱效果,它广泛存在于鳞翅目昆虫及其它种类的昆虫中;另一种是非挥发性性信息素,须由接受的一性与释放的一性接触才能起作用,称之为性识     

家蚕滞育激素-性信息素合成激活肽基因表达的调节

滞育激素和性信息素合成激活肽是两个重要的昆虫神经肽,这两个神经肽由一个基因编码．利用分子杂交和ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ技术,确定了滞育激素－性信息素合成激活肽基因表达的调节不属于转录后的调节,推定为翻译后形成一个大的前体多肽再剪接为几个成熟的神经肽分子．     

昆虫性信息素的应用

用性信息素防治害虫是近些年发展起来的一种治虫新技术。由于它具有高效、无毒、不伤害益虫、不污染环境等优点,国内外对这一新技术的研究和应用都很重视。许多昆虫发育成熟以后能向体外释放具有特殊气味的微量化学物质,以引诱同种异性昆虫前去交配。这种在昆虫交配过程中起通讯联络作用的化学物质叫昆虫性信息素,或性外激素。用人工合成的性信息素或类似物防治害虫时通常叫昆虫性引诱剂,简称性诱剂。昆虫体内产生和分泌的性信息素数量极少（一般每只雌虫为10－’～10－’g左右）,用其防治害虫是不现实的。由于超微量分析仪器的应用和…     

水稻螟虫神经肽PBAN及其受体序列的生物信息学分析

【目的】性信息素合成激活肽(PBAN)是控制昆虫产生性信息素的激素,本文旨在分析水稻螟虫神经肽PBAN及其受体的序列。【方法】通过t Blastn同源检索从水稻螟虫基因组和转录组数据库中鉴定水稻螟虫PBAN神经肽及其受体序列,在此基础上进行序列比对及系统发生分析。【结果】发现二化螟Chilo suppressalis、三化螟Tryporyza incertulas和大螟Sesamia inferens的PBAN成熟肽序列均含有33个氨基酸残基,其C端五肽序列完全相同,3种水稻螟虫PBAN多肽相似度为54.55%~63.64%;发现二化螟PBAN受体3个异构体全长氨基酸序列(PBANR-A、PBANR-B和PBANR-C),均含有7个跨膜区域。【结论】进化树分析发现不同昆虫PBAN神经肽及其受体存在一定的保守性和多样性,并且在进化树上的位置几乎与昆虫系统发育分类一致,推测PBAN神经肽和PBAN受体在昆虫系统进化过程中可能存在协同进化现象。本研究为水稻螟虫PBAN神经肽及其受体的结构和功能分析提供基础。     

金龟甲类昆虫性信息素研究进展

金龟甲类是重要农林害虫,在地下害虫中居首位,在全国各地普遍发生。为开拓金龟甲类地下害虫防治的新途径,金龟甲类性信息素的研究近年来受到重视。国内外关于金龟甲类害虫性信息素的研究,从70年代初开始有些报道。但从数量上来说,比鳞翅目的数目少得多,说明有一定的难度。70年代初首先报道的是新西兰肋翅鳃金龟[1]的雌成虫分泌的性信息素,其次为70年代后期的日本金龟[2]和80年代中期的红铜丽金龟[3]。近年来在金龟甲类性信息素的研究方面进展较快,主要是日本蚕业及昆虫研究所的W．S．Leal等[4]的工作。先后鉴定10种金龟甲类性信息…     

烟实夜蛾性信息素合成激活肽基因的分子克隆

根据家蚕Bombyx mori和玉米夜蛾Helicoverpa zea的性信息素合成激活肽基因序列,设计若干套引物, 以烟实夜蛾Heliothis assulta基因组DNA为模板进行PCR扩增, 得到0.63 kb的特异性DNA片段。该片段克隆进适当载体,序列测定和同源比较, 查明烟实夜蛾的基因组中存在性信息素合成激活肽基因。烟实夜蛾的性信息素合成激活肽由33个氨基酸组成, C末端是FXPRL结构,是目前发现的第4种昆虫性信息素合成激活肽。在该神经肽第14和第15个氨基酸之间, 插入一个0.42 kb的内含子。 进一步的分析证明了烟实夜蛾的性信息素合成激活肽基因在潜成虫期的食道下神经节中表达。     

Preliminary Screening of Microorganisms Producing Succinic Acid from n-Paraffin

Screening tests in search for microorganisms capable of producing succinic acid from n-paraffin were carried out. Most of the microorganisms that accumulated succinic acid in culture broth when incubated in the media containing super heavy n-paraffin as the carbon source were found to belong to the genus Candida. The largest quantity of succinic acid production from n-paraffin, 4160 μ/ml, was obtained with a strain, Candida brumptii IFO 0731.     

Spatial and temporal distribution of pheromone biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide in Helicoverpa (Heliothis) armigera using RIA and in vitro bioassay.

A [3H]-PBAN (pheromone biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide) analog was synthesized, and binding of the radioligand to a specific PBAN-antiserum was achieved. The inhibition of binding of the radioligand by unlabeled PBAN, several PBAN analogs, and other competitors was studied and a specific radio-immunoassay was developed. Using this radioimmunoassay we found PBAN-like immunoreactivity in methanol extracts of hemolymph and neural tissues from females. Higher levels of PBAN-like immunoreactivity in extracts of brain-suboesophageal ganglion complexes, corpora cardiaca, thoracic ganglia, and abdominal ganglia were observed during the 4-5th h scotophase when compared to the PBAN-like immunoactivity levels during the 6-11th h photophase. On the other hand, the concentrations of PBAN-like immunoreactivity, in the terminal abdominal ganglion were higher during the photophase relative to minimal levels observed during the scotophase, indicating an accumulation before the onset of pheromone production. These differences in concentrations of PBAN were also reflected in the stimulation of in vitro pheromone glands, whereby significant stimulations were obtained by scotophase and photophase brain extracts, scotophase thoracic ganglia extracts, and photophase terminal abdominal ganglia extracts. No detectable levels of PBAN were found in hemolymph extracts during the sampling periods.     

中国野桑蚕性信息素合成激活肽(PBAN)基因的克隆及序列分析

根据家蚕(Bombyx mori)性信息素合成激活肽(pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide,PBAN)基因DNA序列设计引物,扩增获得中国野桑蚕(Bombyx mandarina China)PBAN基因。分析表明,PBAN由33个氨基酸组成,在第14个氨基酸异亮氨酸和第15个氨基酸酪氨酸之间插入了698bp的内含子。根据PBAN及其基因cDNA、DNA序列分别构建分子进化树,结果显示3个水平比对结果构建的分子进化树有较好的一致性,推测PBAN基因可能适合于科、属之间的进化分析;并且PBAN基因内含子没有表现出特有的进化信息,推测PBAN基因内含子的进化与PBAN全长基因的进化在进化速率上并没有显著差别。相对于PBAN及α—SGNP、γ—SGNP,β—SGNP的进化速率相对较快,推测β—SGNP序列可能适合用于种间的进化分析。     

Development of a highly sensitive ELISA for the determination of PBAN and its application to the analysis of hemolymph in Spodoptera littoralis

A highly sensitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the determination of the pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (PBAN) has been developed. Six antisera have been obtained that recognize the carboxyl terminal side of this peptide. Two immunogens have been rationally designed and synthesized in order to direct antibody specificity, using as haptens PBAN or PBAN(20-33) with a Cys residue attached to their amino-terminal side. The Cys thiol group has been used to covalently bind the peptide to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) by using N-succinimidyl-4-(maleidimidomethyl) cyclohexane carboxylate (SMCC) as a convenient heterobifunctional cross-linker. Several usable competitive immunoassays have been obtained by synthesizing eight different coating antigens and screening the sera against all of them. The best assay was obtained with antibody 4 using Cys-Hez-PBAN(20-33) coupled to bovine serum albumin (BSA) through the Lys groups by using the homobifunctional cross-linker dimethylpimelidate dihydrochloride (DMP) as the coating antigen. The optimized assay allows to detect PBAN at concentrations as low as 1 fmol/well (l₅₀ = 2.5 fmol/well). An extraction procedure for the hemolymph has been developed that allows to perform PBAN measurements in this tissue even after a tenfold dilution. In these conditions matrix effect is negligible. Preliminary results on the presence of PBAN like immunoreactivity (PBAN-IR) in the hemolymph of Spodoptera littoralis females are reported.© 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Effect of the pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide on sex pheromone biosynthesis in Spodoptera littoralis isolated glands

The control of Spodoptera littoralis sex pheromone biosynthesis has been investigated with synthetic pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (PBAN) and different labeled tracers using an in vitro isolated gland system. Responsiveness of the glands to PBAN stimulation was impaired by careless tissue manipulation. The fact that PBAN is active in the isolated gland system suggests that this might be a target organ for this peptide in S. littoralis. As reported previously with Br-SOG extracts and intact females, label incorporation into the pheromone increased in glands treated with PBAN from all the precursors tested. However, the formation of labeled intermediates from d₅E11–14:Acid also occurred in glands incubated in the absence of the peptide, but the amounts of d₅Z9, E11–14:Acid were lower in PBAN treated glands than in controls. These results indicate that PBAN controls pheromone biosynthesis in S. littoralis by regulating the reduction of acyl moieties. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.