几种益生元制剂对肠道菌群作用效果的研究

目的探讨几种益生元制剂对肠道菌群作用效果。方法通过体外实验和体内试验。结果低聚果糖、水苏糖、低聚木糖、低聚异麦芽糖均能促进双歧杆菌和乳杆菌的增殖,并能够酸化肠道的pH;能够显著提高肠道的B／E值（肠道内双歧杆菌和肠杆菌数量log值的比值）,增加肠道中有益菌的比例,有益于稳定肠道的微生态平衡。结论这几种益生元制剂对肠道菌群有较好的调节作用。     

大豆低聚糖对肠道双歧杆菌和肠杆菌的促生长作用

目的:观察大豆低聚糖和所含糖对肠道菌群中双歧杆菌、肠杆菌体外促生长作用。方法:按1％大豆低聚糖、0．36％水苏糖、0．52％蔗糖、0．11％棉子糖含量配制培养液,分别接种各试验菌株,在0、12、24小时测定各培养液吸光度A值(分光光度计．550nm)和pH值。结果:经24小时培养,加大豆低聚糖的双歧杆菌标准株和临床分离株培养液A值分别为>1．5和1．307,大于肠杆菌标准株和临床分离株的1．1和1．173,而其pH值小于肠杆菌;加水苏糖的双歧杆菌培养液A值为1．47,大于蔗糖的1．4和棉子糖的0．53。结论:大豆低聚糖促双歧杆菌生长作用大于促肠杆菌生长,水苏糖是促双歧杆菌增殖生长的主要成分。     

不同剂量异麦芽低聚糖调节人体肠道菌群的试验研究

对异麦芽低聚糖产品－－纵横异麦芽聚糖进行的人体试食实验,结果表明,每日服用５－３０ｇ异麦芽低聚糖对人体具有一定的调节肠道菌群、增殖双歧杆菌作用。     

长康双歧菌增殖胶囊对肠道菌群影响的研究

目的 研究以苏糖为主要功能组分的长康双歧菌增殖胶囊的特性及功效。方法 通过实验鼠及志愿者进行调节肠道菌群试验,观察该微生态制剂的作用。结果 小鼠肠道内双歧杆菌数量明显增加;受试人群肠道内肠杆菌、拟杆菌数量明显减少,肠球菌、乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌数量明显增加,产气莱膜梭菌数量增加。结论 以水苏糖为主要功能组分的长康双歧菌增殖胶囊具有调节肠道菌群、改善肠道内环境的功能。     

酷酸梭菌——婴儿型双歧杆菌二联活菌制剂对人体肠道菌群的调节试验

目的 观察酷酸梭菌－－婴儿型双歧杆菌二联活菌制剂对受试人群肠道菌群的影响。方法 检测受试者服用前后的肠道菌群并计数。结果 肠杆菌、肠球菌、拟杆菌的数量无明显变化,双歧杆菌、乳杆菌的数量明显增加,差异有非常显著性（Ｐ〈０．０１）,结论 酪酸梭菌－－婴儿型双歧杆菌二联活菌制剂具有一定的调节人体肠道菌群、增殖双歧杆菌和乳杆菌的作用。     

酪酸梭菌--婴儿型双歧杆菌二联活菌制剂对人体肠道菌群的调节试验

目的　观察酪酸梭菌——婴儿型双歧杆菌二联活菌制剂对受试人群肠道菌群的影响。方法　检测受试者服用前后的肠道菌群并计数。结果　肠杆菌、肠球菌、拟杆菌的数量无明显变化 ,双歧杆菌、乳杆菌的数量明显增加 ,差异有非常显著性 (P<0 .0 1) ,结论　酪酸梭菌——婴儿型双歧杆菌二联活菌制剂具有一定的调节人体肠道菌群、增殖双歧杆菌和乳杆菌的作用。     

低聚果糖体内外对肠道菌的影响

目的 :了解低聚果糖 (FOS)体内外对肠道菌双歧杆菌、类杆菌和肠杆菌科菌的增殖作用。方法 :FOS 1g/ (kg· bw· d) ,灌服 (ig)小鼠 ,连续 14 d后 ,取粪便 ,选择性培养基平板菌落计数法测各菌群。体外试验中 ,按 1%的 FOS添加到各人肠道分离菌培养液中 ,培养 2 4h后测其吸光度 A值和 p H值变化。结果 :ig FOS的小鼠肠道双歧杆菌和肠杆菌数量分别是 9.16± 0 .67和 8.3 3± 0 .70 (log10 N CFU/ g) ,高于对照组(P<0 .0 5)。 FOS体外对各肠道分离菌均有增殖作用 ,依大小分别是双歧杆菌、类杆菌和肠杆菌 ,其 A值分别增加了 0 .8～ 1.192、0 .80 2和 0 .198～ 0 .461,其 p H值分别降低了 1.5～ 1.68、1.2和 0 .2～ 0 .58。结论 :FOS体内外有相对选择性增殖双歧杆菌的作用 ,对类杆菌和肠杆菌也有调整作用     

大豆多糖对双歧杆菌及人肠道菌群生长的影响

目的研究大豆多糖对双歧杆菌及肠道菌群生长的影响。方法替换Bs培养基中的碳源,分为不加糖、加葡萄糖2％、加大豆多糖2％、加大豆多糖5％、加低聚果糖2％五组,加3种双歧杆菌（长双歧、青春双歧、两歧双歧）菌液1％,测其24h后的活菌数,比较大豆多糖对双歧杆菌生长的影响;替换Bs培养基中的碳源,分为不加糖、加葡萄糖2％、加大豆多糖2％,加低聚果糖2％四组,加人体粪便菌液1％,模拟人体肠道环境厌氧培养24h后,用选择性培养基测其肠杆菌、肠球菌、双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌的活菌数,观察大豆多糖对人体肠道菌群的影响。结果大豆多糖添加量为5％时对长双歧的促进作用明显优于不加糖组（P〈0．05）;大豆多糖对人体肠道各菌群的生长促进作用与低聚果糖差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论大豆多糖对长双歧杆菌的体外促进作用较明显;以粪菌群发酵糖试验表明,大豆多糖对乳杆菌和双歧杆菌均有促进作用,和低聚果糖作用效果相比差异无显著性（P〉0．05）,具有益生元的特性。     

口炎清颗粒对小鼠肠道菌群失衡的调节作用

目的探讨口炎清颗粒对肠道菌群失衡的调节作用。方法小鼠随机分为6组：正常对照组、重度失调组、自然恢复组、口炎清低剂量组、口炎清高剂量组和大豆低聚糖对照组。正常对照组小鼠灌服蒸馏水,其他组以头孢曲松钠终浓度为8 g/（kg.d）的剂量,连续灌胃8 d,建立小鼠菌群失衡模型,自然恢复组在失衡模型建立后不使用任何药物,自然恢复7 d;口炎清低剂量组、高剂量组、大豆低聚糖对照组分别灌服相应剂量的药物7 d,观察各组小鼠盲肠指数和肠道内双歧杆菌、类杆菌、韦荣球菌、乳酸杆菌、消化球菌、优杆菌、葡萄球菌、肠球菌、大肠埃希菌、链球菌和酵母菌11种菌群变化。结果与菌群失衡组比较,口炎清组与大豆低聚糖组盲肠指数均显著下降（P〈0.05）,呈恢复趋势。自然恢复组肠道菌群种类和数量变化不明显,口炎清组厌氧菌重新出现,尤其是低剂量组双歧杆菌、优杆菌和类杆菌的出现预示着肠道菌群正在逐渐恢复正常。结论一定浓度的口炎清可以明显促进菌群失衡小鼠盲肠大小的恢复,对小鼠肠道菌群有调节作用,具有类似大豆低聚糖的益生元功效。     

酪酸梭菌-双歧杆菌二联活菌制剂对慢性腹泻患者肠道菌群的影响

给慢性腹泻病人口服酪酸梭菌-双歧杆菌二联活菌制剂,然后检测患者服药前后的肠道菌群变化.患者服用药品后,葡萄球菌、酵母菌、消化球菌、真杆菌和小梭菌的数量无明显变化,肠杆菌、肠球菌的数量明显减少,拟杆菌、双歧杆菌、乳杆菌的数量明显增加,其中肠球菌、肠杆菌、拟杆菌和双歧杆菌的变化有显著性(P﹤0.05),提示酪酸梭菌-双歧杆菌二联活菌制剂对慢性腹泻病人的肠道菌群具有明显的影响、具有增殖拟杆菌、双歧杆菌和乳杆菌的作用.     

双叉奶中合生元对改善肠道菌群功效的研究

目的 对双叉奶中合生元改善肠菌群的功效进行研究分析。方法 依卫生部《新增保健功能评价指标及程序的初步方案》,做动物及人体改善肠道菌群试验。结果 1．双叉奶中合生元对小鼠4种肠道菌群数量的影响：与对照组比较,各剂量组小鼠肠道内肠球菌、肠杆菌数量均无显著性差异（P＞0．05）;低剂量、高剂量组乳酸杆菌数量明显增加,有显著性差异（P＜0．05）,中剂量组乳酸杆菌数量增加显著,有非常显著性差异（P＞0．01）;低剂量、中剂量组双歧杆菌数量明显增加,有显著性差异（P＞0．05）。2．双叉奶中合生元对人体5种肠道菌群数量的影响：与饮用前相比,受试人群肠道内肠杆菌、肠球菌数量均无显著性差异（P＞0．05）;双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌数量增加显著,有非常显著性差异（P＞0．01）。肠梭菌数量降低显著,有非常显著性差异（P＞0．01）。3．受试人群自觉症状观察：所有人无不良反应,可改善便秘、增加食欲、排气。结论 双叉能奶中合生元对小鼠、人体肠道菌群具改善作用。     

态平胶囊对肠道菌群影响的实验研究

目的研究态平胶囊的特性及功效。方法通过检测实验鼠服用态平胶囊前后肠道菌群的变化．观察态平胶囊的作用。结果灌服态平胶囊后,小鼠肠道内双歧杆菌及乳杆菌数量显著增加．肠球菌及肠杆菌数量显著下降。结论态平胶囊具有调节肠道菌群改善肠道内环境的功能。     

中药91－4对抗生素相关性腹泻小鼠肠道膜菌群及腔菌群的影响

本实验以肠道菌群检测与电镜观察法,初步研究了中药９１－４对抗生素相关性腹泻（ＡＡＤ）小鼠肠道菌群的影响。结果表明,盐酸林可霉素对小鼠肠道膜菌群、腔菌群干扰显著,乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌及肠杆菌等比正常对照组明显减少,致小鼠腹泻或肠炎;中药９１－４能够促进肠道乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌等生长繁殖,对肠道膜菌群、腔菌群均具有调整作用,加速肠粘膜病变的愈合及修复,可有效地控制ＡＡＤ模型小鼠的腹泻症状。     

Impacts of functional oligosaccharide on intestinal immune modulation in immunosuppressive mice

In order to research the role of soybean oligosaccharides (SBOSs) on improvements in the microenvironment of intestinal flora and immune function of cyclophosphamide (CTX) immunosuppressive mice. Via giving intragastric administration of Soybean oligosaccharide (SBOS) at the low dose (50/(kg·BW)/d), the middle dose (200 mg/(kg·BW)/d) and the high dose (500 mg/(kg·BW)/d) partly once a day, which is also 28 days in a row. At the same time, (SBOS) mice in the drug group and (CG) mice in the positive control group were given intraabdominal injection of CTX (200 mg/kg/d).The immunosuppressive mouse model (CY) was established after 72 h in the model group and the positive control group (CG) was given intragastric administration of levamisole hydrochloric acid (LMS) for 3 days, with the data of 80ug/kg/d after injection of CTX (for actually 72 h). On the 8th, 15th and 22nd day, the number of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus and Clostridium perfringens m in the feces of mice in each dose of drug group were determined. After the test resulted, the cellular immune function, humoral immune function, monocyte/macrophage function, NK cell activity and cytokine secretion (tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-gamma and IL-4) were measured in immunosuppressive mice each group. The results showed that 200 mg/(kg BW) soybean oligosaccharide could significantly promote the proliferation and inhibit the increase of Enterococcus in immunosuppressive mice. The soybean oligosaccharide of 500 mg/(kg BW) could dramatically promote the proliferation of both Bifidobacillus and Lactobacillus, and also inhibit the increase of both Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus in immunosuppressive mice. The regulatory function of SBOS on intestinal flora was positive. Soybean oligosaccharide (500 mg/(kg BW) could significantly promote the proliferation of Bifidobacillus and Lactobacillus in immunosuppressive mice and inhibit the increase of Enterococcus and Enterococcus. The proliferation of spleen lymphocytes induced by ConA, LPS in immunosuppressive mice was dose-dependent. But it was still lower than that of the normal group (CG0) (p > 0.05). The serum hemolysin level of immunosuppressive mice was significantly increased in each dose group (p < 0.05), and the level of antibody forming cells in spleen cells of each dose group was significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the level of antibody forming cells in spleen cells of each dose group was significantly higher than that of low dose group (p < 0.005), and the level of serum hemolysin in immunosuppressive mice was significantly increased in each dose group (p < 0.05). In the detection of immune effector cell activity in immunosuppressive mice, the phagocytic function of macrophages in high dose group and the natural killing activity of spleen NK cells in high dose drug group were significantly increased, which were not significantly different from those in positive control group (P < 0.05), but the expression of TNF-α, INF-γ and IL-4 cytokines in serum was increased in a dose dependent manner (p < 0.05). In conclusion, soybean oligosaccharide can significantly increase the diversity of intestinal microecology, increase the number of intestinal beneficial bacteria, has a correlation with the proliferation of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the intestinal tract, and inhibit the proliferation of harmful bacteria. The results showed that SBOS had a direct effect on the proliferation of intestinal flora under immunosuppression. Based on the improvement of intestinal microenvironment in immunosuppressive mice by soybean oligosaccharide for 25 days, the results showed that compared with the positive control group, the nonspecific and specific immunity of immunosuppressive mice in the drug group had a regulatory effect, which improved the phagocytic function of monocytes/macrophages, developed the level of antibody forming cells, enhanced the standard of the killing activity of NK cells, and promoted the expression of cytokines as well. Compared with the model group, the transformation and proliferation of spleen lymphocytes in the high and middle dose groups were remarkably increased, but all of the indexes did not reach the level of the normal blank group. By studying the improvement of intestinal microenvironment in immunosuppressive mice, to some extent, it is concluded that the proliferation of intestinal flora can improve the immunomodulatory function of the body, but it still lowers the normal immune degree, which reflects the immunomodulatory effect of the body on the stimulation of continuous external intake. The results demonstrate that the immunomodulatory ability of immunosuppressive body was insensitive to SBOS and provided a theoretical basis for the study of health care function of intestinal microenvironment improvement when SBOS acted on abnormal immune function. The results also improved the practical application value of SBOS.     

口炎清颗粒调整菌群失调有效组分的研究

目的 探讨口炎清组分玄参对于小鼠肠道菌群的调节作用.方法 应用抗生素头孢曲松钠灌胃的方法建立小鼠肠道菌群失衡模型.利用观察称量等方法观察小鼠临床表征的变化,以及盲肠指数和脾指数的变化.利用活菌计数法分析肠道优势菌群的变化趋势.结果 (1)菌群失衡组盲肠指数增高(P＜0.05);自然恢复组盲肠指数变化不明显;玄参流膏与大豆低聚糖回灌组盲肠指数均显著下降(P＜0.05),呈恢复趋势.(2)菌群失衡组脾脏指数有下降趋势,自然恢复组脾脏指数无明显变化;玄参流膏组与大豆低聚糖回灌组脾脏指数均有所上升,呈恢复趋势.(3)菌群失衡组厌氧菌被抑制,需氧球菌大量繁殖.自然恢复组菌群种类和数量变化不明显,玄参组厌氧菌重新出现,尤其是双歧杆菌、乳杆菌、韦荣球菌和类杆菌的出现预示着菌群正在逐渐恢复正常.结论 玄参流膏可以促进菌群失衡小鼠盲肠和脾脏大小的恢复,可以调节小鼠肠道菌群失衡,具有类似大豆低聚糖的益生元功效.     

实验性痴呆动物的肠道菌群和粘附性研究

用ＡＦ６４Ａ复制实验性痴呆动物模型,分析该动物的肠道菌群,并以双歧杆菌和大肠杆菌作为肠道菌的代表,初步探讨它们对实验性痴呆动物肠道粘膜上皮细胞表面的粘附特性。结果表明,实验性痴呆动物的肠道菌群是紊乱的,二种试验菌均能粘附到正常小鼠肠上皮细胞上,双歧杆菌的粘附率明显高于大肠杆菌,而双歧杆菌对实验性痴呆小鼠肠上皮细胞的粘附率明显低于对照组小鼠,大肠杆菌则相反。     

灭活双歧杆菌调整小鼠抗生素相关性菌群失调

目的：观察灭活的双歧杆菌及其耗尽培养上清液（SCS）对小鼠肠道生理菌群的影响。方法：应用腹腔注射青霉素造成肠菌群失调动物模型,分别以灭活的双歧杆菌菌液,耗尽培养上清液以及活菌菌液对菌群失调小鼠进行灌胃治疗。结果：活菌组、死菌组及SCS组同自然恢复组的肠道生理菌群相比差异均有显著性,死菌组与SCS组相比,差异也有显著性。结论：灭活的双歧杆菌及其SCS对小鼠肠道菌群失调的恢复具有调整作用,尤其对双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌有更明显的扶持作用。