HPLC法测定不同产地鱼腥草中不同部位芦丁的含量

建立测定鱼腥草中芦丁含量的高效液相色谱分析方法。使用Eclipse XDB-C18色谱柱(4.6×150 mm,5μm),流动相为(A:0.1%磷酸水溶液,B:甲醇),柱温为20℃,流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为358 nm。测得芦丁的线性范围为0.02 mg/mL～0.50 mg/mL(r=0.9999),加标回收率为92.0%(n=3)。不同产地中芦丁含量测定结果表明,贵州产区的含量最高,河南的最低。不同部位中芦丁含量测定结果表明,叶中的含量均高于茎中5～10倍。本方法操作快速、简便、灵敏度高、重现性好,可使用于中草药中芦丁含量的测定。     

三种产地火麻仁中CannabisinA的含量测定

为建立同时测定广西,甘肃,云南三个产地火麻仁中Cannabisin A的含量测定方法,本文采用高效液相色谱法对三种产地火麻仁中Cannabisin A 进行含量测定.用Waters C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)色谱柱,流动相:乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液(22∶ 78);流速1.0 mL/min;检测波长:257 nm,柱温25 ℃.结果表明:Cannabisin A在0.1～0.50 μg范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9996,加样回收率100.31%,RSD=0.63%(n＝6).三种产地的火麻仁中Cannabisin A含量分别为0.343%,0.250%,0.455%.不同产地火麻仁中Cannabisin A含量有一定的差异,该法操作简便,准确,重复性好,可用于火麻仁中Cannabisin A的含量测定.     

不同采收期地肤子中皂甙含量的变化

地肤子为藜科植物地肤〔Ｋｏｃｈｉａｓｃｏｐａｒｉａ (Ｌ .)Ｓｃｈｒａｄ .〕的干燥成熟果实 ,始载于《神农本草经》 ,具有“治膀胱热、利小便、益精气”等功效 ,久服能“耳聪目明、轻身、耐老”。药理研究表明地肤子中所含的三萜皂甙类成分为其主要活性成分 ,具有抗炎、抗过敏和抗搔痒等作用[1 ,2 ] 。地肤子为一年生草本 ,一般于 4月上、中旬栽种 ,花期为 7- 9月 ,果期为 8- 10月[3] ,传统经验是在秋季果实成熟时采收 ,但何时采收其有效成分含量最高 ,这方面尚未见研究和报道。因此 ,本文分别采用高效液相色谱法和比色法检测不同采收期…     

不同采收期罗布麻和白麻药材化学成分的差异分析

建立高效液相色谱法,分别测定不同采收期的新疆产罗布麻和白麻药材中绿原酸、金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷、三叶豆苷、紫云英苷、芦丁和白麻苷的含量,进而分析2种药材的最佳采收期。发现不同采收期的新疆产罗布麻和白麻药材中绿原酸、金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷、三叶豆苷、紫云英苷、芦丁和白麻苷的含量存在一定差异,并且罗布麻和白麻呈现出不同特点。以《中国药典》中罗布麻含量测定项下的金丝桃苷为指标,罗布麻和白麻的最佳采收期都是6、7月;但是,以7个成分的总含量和6个黄酮的总含量为指标,罗布麻的最佳采收期是8、9月,白麻的最佳采收期仍是6、7月。该结果可为确定罗布麻和白麻药材的采收时间提供一定参考。     

乌头类双酯型生物碱水解产物-苯甲酸的含量测定研究

目的:建立RP-HPLC测定乌头类双酯型生物碱水解产物苯甲酸含量的方法.方法:色谱柱:Waters C18(150×4.6 mm),流动相:甲醇-0.02 mol/L乙酸铵溶液(5∶95),检测波长:230 nm,流速:1.0 ml/min,柱温:30℃.结果:苯甲酸在0.432～3.888μg(r=0.9999)之间呈线性关系,苯甲酸加样回收率为98.62%(RSD=1.89%).结论:该方法简便、稳定、准确,可做为乌头类双酯型生物碱水解产物苯甲酸含量测定的方法.     

飞扬草中没食子酸的含量

采用高效液相色谱法测定飞扬草中没食子酸含量,为评价飞扬草的质量提供了新的指标和方法。     

广西钩藤属植物中总生物碱含量变化研究

对广西不同品种、不同产地、不同部位、不同采收时间的钩藤进行了总生物碱含量变化研究 ,为充分开发利用广西钩藤资源提供了试验依据。     

不同产地野生猪苓多糖与麦角甾醇的含量分析

目的:比较不同产地猪苓菌核及子实体中猪苓多糖与麦角甾醇的含量,为分离优质菌株提供科学依据。方法:采用紫外-可见分光光度法及高效液相色谱法测定不同产地猪苓中猪苓多糖及麦角甾醇的含量。结果:不同产地和来源的猪苓中猪苓多糖与麦角甾醇的含量存在一定差异,其中子实体中两者的含量远高于菌核中的含量,盂县产猪苓子实体多糖含量最高,为60.694 6 mg·g-1,是菌核含量的28.2倍,沁源麦角甾醇含量最高,为4.187 0 mg·g-1,是菌核含量的2.1倍;菌核中猪苓多糖的含量范围2.151 7 mg·g-1~8.887 2 mg·g-1,陕西留坝最高,麦角甾醇的含量范围0.825 9 mg·g-1~2.023 2 mg·g-1,山西沁源最高。结论:产地、部位不同,有效成分含量不同,实验结果可为猪苓药材质量控制及优种选育研究奠定基础。     

不同产地浙贝母生物碱含量及其合成相关基因表达研究

为了探究浙贝母(Fritillaria thunbergii)药效成分积累量与生物碱合成相关基因表达水平之间的关系,该研究采用UPLC-MS、qPCR技术分别测定不同产地11个样品中总生物碱(贝母素甲和贝母素乙之和)含量和3个参与生物碱合成途径相关基因(HMGR、FPS和DXR)的表达量,同时运用生物统计学方法分析成熟期鳞茎生物碱含量与各基因表达量之间的相关性。结果表明:不同产地浙贝母成熟期鳞茎总生物碱含量存在显著差异(P<0.05),为0.2105%～0.4612%; HMGR和FPS基因在盛花期组织表达、盛花期至成熟期鳞茎表达变化趋势同生物碱含量变化趋势基本一致; DXR基因在成熟期鳞茎中表达量最高,盛花期组织表达、盛花期至成熟期鳞茎表达变化趋势同生物碱含量变化趋势大体不一致; HMGR、FPS基因表达量分别与贝母素甲、贝母素乙和总生物碱含量呈显著或极显著正相关性(P<0.05或P<0.01),以FPS基因表达量与生物碱含量相关系数为最高,相关系数分别为0.672,0.631,0.664,DXR基因与生物碱含量呈低度相关性。由此可以推断,生物碱的积累受MVA途径中...     

莲的非可食用部分中生物碱分布

研究了莲的非可食用部分荷叶、莲子心、莲房、藕节、莲子壳和藕皮中生物碱的组分及含量。采用乙醇水溶液从非可食用部分提取生物碱,然后用高效液相色谱法进行测定。结果表明莲子心提取物中含有5种主要的生物碱,其中4种为莲心碱、异莲心碱、荷叶碱和甲基莲心碱。除莲子心外的其他部分的提取物组分较相似,都含有6～8种主要的生物碱。荷叶碱在荷叶中的含量最高,可达149.64μg/g;莲心碱、异莲心碱和甲基莲心碱在莲子心中的含量最高,分别为457.76、6155.85、1420.90μg/g。莲的六个非可食用部分中都含有5～8种主要的生物碱,有很好的开发利用价值。     

The Structure,Elongation and Thickening of Rhizome in Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn

The seedling of Nelurnbo nucifera is erect and its internodes are very short with four Alternately arranged floating leaves. During the juvenile stage, the shoot elongates remarkably and forms the horizontal rhizome. Each leaf grows out from the dorsal side of the node of the rhizome. There are two kinds of terminal buds in the juvenile shoot. (1) vegetative bud and (2) mixed bud. The axillary scale is the derivative part of the leaf. It forms an ochrea around the terminal bud. The winter buds on the annual shoot are all mixed buds. The vessels are absent in the rhizome and no cambium exists. During tile early growth of the rhizome, the rib meristems contribute mainly to the internode elongation. Later however, divisions are seen to commence in the parenchymatous tissue of the internode. As a result of these divisions the internode becomes elongated. The tuberization of the rhizome is built up from cell divisions of three kinds of tissues: (1) primary thickening meristems, (2) cells of the vascular bundles and (3) parenchyma of cortex. But, the growth in thickness of the rhizome seems to be chiefly due to the enlargement of parenchymatous cells.     

中国莲的偶线期核型分析

本研究建立了中国莲偶线期染色体的核型,为研究莲的减数分裂过程及分子细胞遗传学研究提供基础。     

The Development of Embryo and Endosperm of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn

The development of the embryo and endosperm of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn can be summarized as follows: 1. Embryogenesis of N. nucifera belongs to Solanad type; the 1st mitotic division of the zygote takes place later than that of the primary endosperm nucleus. 2. The development of endosperm basically conforms to the Helobial endosperm. After fertilization, the primary endosperm nucleus divides first transversely. This division results in the formation of two cells. The wall of this division is a little oblique to the longitudinal axis of the embryo sac. In accordance with the character of the endospermic development, it can be divided into, three stages: (1) two-celled endosperm stage, (2) multicellular endosperm stage, and (3) the stage of the endospermic nutrition being absorbed and cells atrophy. The developments of the embryo and endosperm are well correlated. This relation is relatively stable. 3. The cotyledons of the mature embryo are comparatively developed, but the radicle is extremely reduced. 4. As the seed is ripening, a thin membrane remains outside the plumule, which is the remainder of the endosperm. Therefore, the seed of N. nucifera is exalbuminous.     

Alkaloids of Nelumbo nucifera

The alkaloids of leaves of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. were examined using combined GLC-MS. The occurrence of four new alkaloids, dehydroroemerine (XII), dehydronuciferine (XI), dehydroanonaine (XIII) and N-methylisococlaurine (III) were revealed, besides the known roemerine (V), nuciferine (VI), anonaine (VII), pronuciferine (IV), N-nornuciferine (VIII), nornuciferine (IX), amepavine (I) and N-methylcoclaurine (II).     

A two-way gas transport system in Nelumbo nucifera

Abstract The aquatic vascular plant Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. is able to improve its oxygen supply to the submerged and buried organs by a thermo-osmotic gas transport. Investigations with tracer gas and oxygen measurements have shown that thermo-osmotic gas transport exists in N. nucifera when there is a temperature difference between the lacunar air of the leaves and the surrounding atmosphere. The gas transport was increased by up to 935% when a temperature difference of 2.9 ± 1.0 K was detected. Lacunar pressure of up to 166 ± 44 Pa was measured in both young and old leaves. In contrast to the flow-through ventilation system recently described for Nuphar lutea and Nymphoides peltata, a two-way flow in separate air canals in the petioles of both young and old Nelumbo leaves may carry oxygen-rich air down to the rhizome and excess air back to the atmosphere. Anatomical investigations have shown that, in Nelumbo, the two largest air canals of the petiole end directly under the mesh system of the centre plate. These large air canals are proposed to be predominant in the upward flow of air in sunlight. The other air canals of the petiole veer into the leaf blade well below the centre plate. The gas flow system through fresh leaves may carry as much as 10.3 ± 4.5 cm³ air per minute to the buried rhizome.     

中国莲（Nelumbo nucifera）幼苗抗氧化系统对砷胁迫的响应

为了研究中国莲（Nelumbo nucifera）抗氧化系统对砷胁迫的响应,研究比较了两种不同价态无机砷As（Ⅲ）和砷As（V）对中国莲幼苗可溶性蛋白含量、丙二醛（MDA）含量以及抗氧化系统的影响。结果表明,中国莲幼苗中MDA和可溶性蛋白质含量随砷浓度的增加呈现先升高后降低的趋势。中国莲幼苗的MDA和蛋白质含量受As（V）的影响不如As（11]）敏感。抗氧化系统酶中,超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）对砷处理最敏感,当As（11I）浓度在2．5pmol／L和As（V）浓度在100μmol／L时,SOD酶活性显著高于对照组。过氧化物酶（POD）在As（Ⅲ）处理浓度为10umol／L时就出现显著上升,相对而言,过氧化氢酶（CAT）对As（V）比较敏感。实验结果表明,随着浓度的增加,砷对幼苗产生的氧化胁迫导致SOD、CAT和POD三种酶活性有所增加,以配合清除细胞内的活性氧自由基（ROS）,维持细胞代谢的稳定。本研究为进一步研究砷胁迫下莲的生理和生长变化、以及莲的培育和移植提供了部分基础数据。     

莲藕的化学成分与生物活性研究进展

对莲藕(Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn)不同组织(莲藕、荷花、荷叶、莲梗、莲子、莲心、莲蓬)的有效化学成分(类黄酮、酚类、生物碱、三萜、多糖、SOD、膳食纤维、挥发油)作了简要的综述,并对其主要的生物活性进行了归纳,以期对莲藕资源的综合利用提供理论依据。     

莲幼苗初生维管系统研究

莲（Ｎｅｌｕｍｂｏ ｎｕｃｉｆｅｒａ Ｇａｅｒｔｎ．）幼苗属无根型。子叶片下部愈合呈筒状,并和子叶节区及其下部愈合为一体。子叶节区下部维管柱为χ形单中柱;子叶节区中部为周韧单中柱,子叶迹呈６束辐射均匀地进入子叶;子叶节区上部为散生中柱,其央的４－６个大维管束由子叶节区中部的单中柱分裂形成;周围的小维管束一部分由子叶迹分裂形成,一部分由周围薄壁细胞脱分化形成。     

镉在莲各器官中累积规律的研究

莲子是我国重要的特产优质资源,但莲等水生植物容易吸收积累重金属.为了探究莲对重金属镉的吸收积累特点,利用盆栽外施不同浓度的镉(0,1.0 mg·kg-1,2.5 mg·kg-1)培养两个莲子品种,检测分析镉对莲子生物量的影响及莲各器官中镉的含量.结果表明:随着外施镉浓度的增加,两种莲子生物量下降,各器官中镉含量增加,且...