共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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基因组中重复序列的意义 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从原核生物到真核生物,其基因组中的重复序列呈递增趋势.重复序列的作用也被各种实验所揭示.各种重复序列的类型与它在染色体上的分布密切相关.重复序列不是垃圾,而是影响着生命的进化、遗传、变异;同时它对基因表达、转录调控、染色体的构建以及生理代谢都起着不可或缺的作用.它们的功能及演化也正在被逐步阐明. 相似文献
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动态突变疾病是指基因编码区或非编码区发生核苷酸重复序列异常扩增所导致的一类遗传性疾病。发生于非翻译区的动态突变常常伴有超大片段重复序列,应用普通PCR法无法对该片段进行扩增,而传统的Southern blot等技术费时费力,无法应用于临床基因诊断。在此背景下,重复引物PCR技术应运而生。本文将分别阐述重复引物PCR技术在强直性肌营养不良症、Friedreich共济失调、脊髓小脑性共济失调10型及C9orf72基因突变引起的额颞叶痴呆或肌萎缩侧索硬化等疾病基因检测中的应用进展。 相似文献
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小麦及其近缘种中基因组特异性DNA重复序列的研究进展 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
本文对小麦族植物中基因组特异性DNA重复序列的分类、基本特征、分离和鉴定方法、在小麦遗传改良中的应用以及未来研究的发展趋势进行了简述。综合已有的研究结果可以看出基因组特异性DNA重复序列是小麦族植物基因组特异性形成的重要构成部分。对基因组特异性DNA重复序列的研究是认识小麦族植物基因组的有效途径之一,基因组特异性DNA重复序列的应用将进一步促进小麦族植物分子细胞遗传学和普通小麦遗传改良研究的进展。Advances in Studies of Genome-Specific Repetitive DNA Sequences in Wheat and Related SpeciesBAI Jian-rong1,2,JIA Xu1,WANG Dao-wen11.The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,The Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;2.Crop Genetics Institute,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030031,ChinaAbstract:In this paper we review recent advances in studies of several aspects of genome specific repetitive DNA sequences in wheat and related species.The available results demonstrate that genome specific repetitive DNA sequences are important components of genome specificity in wheat and related species.Research on genome specific repetitive DNA sequences is essential to the elucidation of genome function.The application of genome specific repetitive DNA sequences will aid molecular cytogenetic studies in wheat and related species and contributes to genetic improvement of common wheat.Key words:wheat;genome specific repetitive DNA sequence;chromosome 相似文献
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实时荧光定量PCR技术的研究进展与应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
实时荧光定量PCR技术(real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR,FQ-PCR)以其特异性强、灵敏度高、重复性好、定量准确、自动化程度高、速度快、全封闭反应等优点在人类和动物疾病的快速检测、食品安全检测、定量分析、基因分型、基因表达研究、以及疫苗效力测定中成为分子生物学研究的重要工具... 相似文献
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目的:建立用复合探针荧光定量PCR快速检测布鲁氏菌的方法。方法:研究根据BSCP31基因编码31KDa的布鲁氏杆菌表面蛋白的核苷酸序列设计特异引物,通过PCR法的特异性、灵敏度和重复性研究,建立了复合探针荧光定量PCR检测布鲁氏菌的方法。用于布鲁氏菌病的筛选和诊断。结果:结果表明该检测方法的特异性为100%,最低可检出10个拷贝的质粒DNA分子,可对1×10^1-1×10^6拷贝范围内的模板进行定量,最低可检测至1×10^2CFU/ml细菌。该方法的精密度好,阳性质控品和阴性质控品不同时间测定三次及同一时间五次重复实验结果CV值均小于5%。结论:本研究建立的复合探针实时荧光定量PCR检测布鲁氏杆菌的方法,可对布鲁氏病原菌进行快速检测,对布病的筛选和确诊具有重要意义。 相似文献
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杨频 《氨基酸和生物资源》2005,27(1):65-69
概述了SARS-CoV冠状病毒的基因组结构与功能,比较了它与其它冠状病毒的种型变异,并以生物信息学的方法 探讨PCR技术在进行SARS病毒早期诊断上的应用。 相似文献
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Acetic acid bacteria play a negative role in wine making because they increase the volatile acidity of wines. They can survive in the various phases of alcoholic fermentation and it is very important to control their presence and ulterior development. The main objective of the present work is to test fast, sensitive and reliable techniques such as real-time PCR (rt-PCR) and nested PCR for enumerating and detecting the presence of this bacterial group without plating. Primers were designed on the basis of the available 16S rRNA gene sequences and tested successfully with reference acetic acid bacteria strains. The usefulness of rt-PCR was demonstrated by comparing the results with traditional techniques (colony and microscope counting). The results were similar with all the techniques. Optimized rt-PCR enabled numbers between 10(7) and 10(1) cells mL(-1) to be enumerated, while nested PCR detected less than 10 cells mL(-1). Although this latter technique cannot be used for enumeration, it has several advantages in routine laboratory analysis. 相似文献
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以线粒体Cytb、COI、12SrRNA、16SrRNA基因序列为基础,探讨特异性PCR技术鉴定蛤蚧及伪品的可行性。本研究以所扩增的16条COI序列为引物设计依据序列设计了1对位点特异性引物COISF,COISR,同时从Gen-Bank上下载30条序列,设计了CytbSF,CytbSR;16S rRNASF,16S rRNASR;12S rRNASF,12S rRNASR另外3对位点特异性引物,因此共用4对位点特异性引物分别扩增蛤蚧及伪品实验样本。结果表明在复性温度为65℃时,4对引物都出现了理想的结果,即蛤蚧正品出现了扩增条带,而伪品没有扩增条带。同时对市售的蛤蚧商品进行了检测,在所供的7号标本中,有4号为蛤蚧正品,其余3号为蛤蚧伪品。本研究所设计的位点特异性引物可快捷、准确的鉴定蛤蚧及伪品,且在药检工作中具有极大的应用前景。 相似文献
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目的建立实验用小型猪微卫星标记的多重PCR体系和进行实验猪群的遗传监测。方法利用3种不同荧光标记的微卫星引物结合ABI3700遗传分析仪测序的方法,通过筛选和优化反应条件,建立可用于实验用小型猪遗传质量控制的稳定的多重PCR反应体系。在此基础上进一步检测实验用小型猪近交群体的遗传变异以验证建立体系的效率。结果筛选出了2组理想的组合:组合1包括SW742、S0228和S0218座位,复性温度58℃和56℃;组合2包括S0155、SW902和S0227三个座位,复性温度为60℃和58℃。组合内不同座位标记不同的荧光染料。还以此检测了实验用小型猪群体中的遗传变异。结论初步建立了中国三种实验用小型猪微卫星标记检测的多重PCR体系,为快速、大通量、准确的小型猪遗传监测提供了初步的技术基础。 相似文献
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In order to quantify and localize specific bacterial target genes in plant tissue, this project has generated relevant new insights in the combined application of quantitative real-time PCR in parallel with the in situ PCR + probe-hybridization and online emission fingerprinting using LSM 510 META. After designing an Enterobacter radicincitans species-specific probe, introduced bacterial cells were monitored in growing plant parts and their colonization behaviour was examined in relation to the native bacterial community. For this purpose, the plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial (PGPR) strain Enterobacter radicincitans was applied to Brassica oleracea plants in increasing inoculum concentrations 107, 108 and 109 cells per plant. Inoculation of 109 E. radicincitans cells per plant to Brassica oleracea leaves and roots resulted in significant increases of root, leaf and tuber growth. Total bacterial cell numbers were estimated using quantitative real-time PCR to be between 107 and 109 cells g−1 fresh leaf weight and about 108 cells g−1 fresh root weight of Brassica oleracea plants. Using quantitative real-time PCR, a significant colonization of Brassica oleracea leaves and roots with E. radicincitans cells was measured. Roots were colonized with a density of 107 cells g−1 fresh root weight up to at least 14 days after inoculation. That is equivalent to a proportion of E. radicincitans 16S rDNA-gene copy numbers compared to the total bacterial communities of about 10–16%. Online emission fingerprinting established that the introduced bacteria proliferated on and inside the root and that they colonized the intercellular spaces of the root cortex layer. Hence, E. radicincitans was able to successfully compete with the native bacterial population. 相似文献
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PCR芯片实质上就是固定有与研究对象有关的许多已知基因的引物阵列并可用于PCR检测的固相载体,其制作时最关键的是目的基因的引物设计。与基于杂交的芯片技术不同,PCR芯片技术是一种高通量的,准确、灵敏的定量检测基因表达的技术,它将待测基因的引物固定于固相载体上,通过简单的、经过优化的定量PCR体系和荧光定量PCR仪,实现待检样品中已知基因的扩增,用于定量检测待检样品中已知基因的表达情况。PCR芯片由于其操作简单、结果准确、数据产出快而多等特点,已应用于疾病发病机制、药物作用机理和细菌分型等研究领域,并将在生命科学研究领域得到更为广泛的应用。 相似文献
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目的建立猴巨细胞(RhCMV)病毒的nested PCR检测方法,并初步应用。方法根据GenBank中报道的RhCMV全基因序列,针对其中的保守区域Rh85设计两对引物进行nested PCR反应,利用此方法对20份猕猴全血标本进行检测,将检测到的猕猴阳性标本扩增片段进行克隆测序。结果利用保守区域Rh85设计的引物可对人HCMV阳性对照进行扩增。用此方法检测的20份猕猴全血标本,出现2例阳性。其中一例扩增片段经纯化、回收克隆测序后用BLAST软件进行同源性对比,与GenBank中报道的RhCMV序列基本相同。结论建立了从猴全血中直接检测猴RhCMV病毒DNA的敏感、特异的nested PCR方法。 相似文献