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SARS冠状病毒分离培养和鉴定的实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)冠状病毒分离、培养方法,为SARS冠状病毒动物模型的建立提供实验依据,并根据病毒在体内存活的时间确定检测指标。选用已鉴定为SARS冠状病毒的毒株,经过鼻腔接种感染恒河猴。定期采集咽拭子标本,分离血清或血浆,用Vero细胞进行病毒培养、分离。结果显示,在SARS冠状病毒感染恒河猴后2、5、7天,可以从拭子中分离到病毒,5~15天可在猴肺、脾、肝、肾和淋巴组织中分离到病毒,并用免疫荧光法和RT-PCR方法进行了确定。首次实验证实了SARS冠状病毒可在恒河猴体内复制。SARS病毒的成功分离是SARS冠状病毒动物模型建立的主要依据,在进行疫苗安全性和药效评价等工作中,病毒分离可作为药物筛选、疫苗评价的重要指标。 相似文献
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目的综合对比SARS-CoV感染的恒河猴、布氏田鼠及Lewis大鼠的病理学、免疫学以及病毒的复制与外排情况的变化,来探讨此三种动物在建立SARS模型上的特点。方法SARS病毒感染8只恒河猴、9只Lewis大鼠和20只布氏田鼠,在感染后不同时间安乐死动物,应用光镜对动物的各脏器进行病理观察研究;用病毒分离和RT-PCR方法检测病毒外排与复制的情况;用ELISA法检测动物产生特异性抗体情况。结果在SARS-CoV感染恒河猴、Lewis大鼠和布氏田鼠后,肺组织均出现一定的与人类SARS疾病相似的病理改变,在动物体内均可检测到活病毒或病毒核酸,并可检测到特异性IgG抗体的存在。在病死率上布氏田鼠最高;在病毒的复制与外排方面恒河猴的检出率最高,持续时间最长;在抗体产生情况上恒河猴与Lewis大鼠基本相似;在病理变化上恒河猴病变最重且最为复杂,与人类SARS疾病的病理变化最为接近。结论布氏田鼠,Lewis大鼠,特别是恒河猴动物模型可以用于SARS发病机制、疫苗和药物的研发,恒河猴动物模型是目前研究SARS疾病最理想的动物模型。 相似文献
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目的利用Matrigel与Lewis制备细胞混悬液注射于小鼠左肺内,建立小鼠Lewis肺癌原位模型,评价其肿瘤生长情况、转移情况,以期建立更稳定、更接近于人肺癌生长情况的小鼠肺癌原位模型。方法将处于对数生长期的Lewis肺癌细胞混悬于Matrigel中,接种于C57BL/6近交系小鼠左肺内。分别于第4、7、10、13、16天各处死5只小鼠,观察其局部成瘤率、肿瘤生长情况、中位生存期及肿瘤转移情况,并对各阶段小鼠行肺部,肝脏,肾脏,脾脏病理切片检查。结果术后第7天解剖的5只小鼠中,3只小鼠肺上可见小的瘤结节形成,其余2只肺上未见肉眼成瘤,行病理HE染色检查在显微镜下可见2只小鼠肺脏有小的瘤结节形成。术后第10天以后处死的所有小鼠肺上均有肉眼成瘤,术后第13天,所有小鼠肺原位成瘤并伴有血性胸腔积液、胸腔内转移。术后第25天,有1只小鼠出现上述转移的同时还出现了心包膜转移及肾脏远处转移。5只小鼠生存期分别为17 d、20 d、22 d、22 d、25 d,小鼠中位生存期为21.2 d(17~25 d)。成瘤率100%。结论利用Matrigel法成功建立小鼠Lewis肺癌原位模型,稳定性好,成瘤率高,并具有远处转移的特性,更接近于人肺癌的发生、发展过程。 相似文献
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《微生物学免疫学进展》2020,(4)
在严重急性呼吸综合症冠状病毒2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2)全球大流行并无终止迹象的情况下,急需研制出安全、有效的SARS-CoV-2疫苗。现对SARS-CoV-2疫苗研制的相关问题作一综述。 相似文献
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重组SARS冠状病毒刺突蛋白的表达和分离纯化 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
SARS冠状病毒的感染能引发人的严重急性呼吸综合征。根据对其他种类冠状病毒的研究结果 ,刺突(spike)蛋白 (S蛋白 )是病毒的主要表面抗原 ,重组S蛋白可用于临床诊治 ,疫苗制备和结构生物学研究。SARS病毒S蛋白基因被分段和完整地克隆到不同的细菌表达载体进行了表达。通过宿主菌的选择和条件的优化 ,其中75 1~ 192 5bp、2 0 0 5~ 3410bp、1~ 192 5bp、32~ 36 5 9bp片段及全长 1~ 376 8bpDNA都在大肠杆菌中实现了高效表达 ,表达量分别占菌体蛋白质的 35 %、34%、2 4 %、17%和 5 % ,并经亲和层析得到了部分纯化。纯化后的蛋白质将用于诊断试剂和结构生物学研究。 相似文献
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SARS-CoV感染动物模型的建立可加深对SARS病原学的了解和发病机制的研究,加速实验室诊断技术的建立、抗病毒药物的筛选和疫苗的开发,同时也有助于给该病一个更精确的定义。可以说SARS动物模型的建立,不但是SARS研究的瓶颈问题,其应用更是贯穿SARS研究的整个过程。到目前为止,已经报道有4种非人灵长类动物(恒河猴、食蟹猴、绒猴、非洲绿猴)和6种啮齿类动物(大鼠、小鼠、豚鼠、田鼠、仓鼠、转基因鼠),以及雪貂、家猫等可以作为SARS动物模型用于实验研究,并已经开始利用动物模型进行疫苗和药物的安全性和有效性评价。本文就已报道的各类SARS动物模型进行综述,并根据动物模型和SARS患者的比对,提出动物模型建立的技术要点。 相似文献
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Hua R Zhou Y Wang Y Hua Y Tong G 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2004,319(3):929-935
The spike (S) protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is a major virion structural protein. It plays an important role in interaction with receptor and inducing neutralizing antibodies. In the study, six tentative antigenic epitopes (S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6) of the spike protein of SARS-CoV were predicted by bio-informatics analysis, and a multi-epitope chimeric gene of S1-S2-S3-S4-S5-S6 was synthesized and fused to downstream GST gene in pGEX-6p-1. The Western blotting demonstrated that SARS patient convalescent serum could recognize the recombinant fusion protein. A number of monoclonal antibodies were developed against the fusion protein. In further, the six predicted epitope genes were individually fused to GST of pGEX-6p-1 and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21, respectively. Among six fusion peptides, S5 reacted with monoclonal antibody D3C5 and S2 reacted with monoclonal antibody D3D1 against spike protein of SARS-CoV. The epitopes recognized by monoclonal antibodies D3C5 and D3D1 are linear, and correspond to 447-458 and 789-799 amino acids of spike protein of SARS-CoV, respectively. Identification of antigenic epitope of spike protein of SARS-CoV could provide the basis for the development of immunity-based prophylactic, therapeutic, and diagnostic techniques for the control of severe acute respiratory syndrome. 相似文献
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目的建立用于肠黏膜处理研究的大鼠代膀胱模型。方法雌性SD大鼠2组,实验组以4cm末段小肠重新构建大鼠膀胱,对照组行假手术。术后1月测量代膀胱容量,代膀胱内黏液残留量,观察代膀胱黏膜对水、电解质的吸收、分泌功能等。结果术后1月,实验组大鼠膀胱容量增加(P〈0.01);黏液残留量:0.907±0.193g;代膀胱黏膜对水、K^+、NH4^+表现为吸收,对Na^+、Cl^-、HCO3^-表现为分泌。结论此模型适用于肠黏膜处理的研究。 相似文献
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STZ诱导糖尿病肾病大鼠模型的建立 总被引:24,自引:0,他引:24
目的建立糖尿病大鼠动物模型,探讨其肾脏损害规律。方法用STZ65mg/kg一次性腹腔内注射方式制作糖尿病大鼠模型,设立空白对照组,饲养14周,期间观察大鼠血糖、尿糖及一般情况变化,实验结束时测定血肌酐、尿素氮、尿蛋白、尿白蛋白排泄率,取肾作病理及超微病理检查。结果模型组大鼠出现血肌酐、尿素氮、尿蛋白、尿白蛋白明显升高,出现肾脏肥大,病理显示明显的肾小球、肾小管病变。结论STZ诱导糖尿病大鼠肾脏表现肾小球及小管间质损害,可以用作糖尿病肾病研究的动物模型。 相似文献
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Wang ZG Zheng ZH Shang L Li LJ Cong LM Feng MG Luo Y Cheng SY Zhang YJ Ru MG Wang ZX Bao QY 《FEBS letters》2005,579(22):4928-4936
In this study, we have identified 876 polymorphism sites in 145 complete or partial genomes of SARS-CoV available in the NCBI GenBank. One hundred and seventy-four of these sites existed in two or more SARS-CoV genome sequences. According to the sequence polymorphism, all SARS-CoVs can be divided into three groups: (I) group 1, animal-origin viruses (such as SARS-CoV SZ1, SZ3, SZ13 and SZ16); (II) group 2, all viruses with clinical origin during first epidemic; and (III) group 3, SARS-CoV GD03T0013. According to 10 special loci, group 2 again can be divided into genotypes C and T, which can be further divided into sub-genotypes C1-C4 and T1-T4. Positive Darwinian selections were identified between any pair of these three groups. Genotype C gives neutral selection. Genotype T, however, shows negative selection. By comparing the death rates of SARS patients in the different regions, it was found that the death rate caused by the viruses of the genotype C was lower than that of the genotype T. SARS-CoVs might originate from an unknown ancestor. 相似文献
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大鼠动脉粥样硬化动物模型的建立和评价 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的利用免疫损伤和高脂喂养结合的方法建立大鼠动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis,AS)动物模型。方法5周龄Wistar大鼠腹腔注射卵清白蛋白和尾静脉注射牛血清白蛋白佐以灌喂维生素D3,高脂饲料喂养大鼠,FeSO4加入到饮水中。检测大鼠不同时间的血脂水平、血液生化指标和病理变化。结果(1)AS模型组的TC、HDL、LDL显著高于正常对照组(6.1±2.52比1.3±0.10;2.46±1.01比1.02±0.13;3.76±1.67比0.52±0.063;P〈0.05)。(2)模型组的C反应蛋白(CRP)、心肌激酶(CK)、心肌激酶同工酶(CK-Mb)显著高于正常对照组(4.99±2.26比0.183±0.160;996.3±82.8比293.8±167.1;669.5±128.1比177.5±86.5;P〈0.05)。(3)采用HE染色发现模型组大鼠的主动脉出现斑块的沉积,而正常大鼠无病变的产生。结论该方法能够诱导大鼠产生高血脂症状,随着时间的延长心肌发生损伤,同时出现炎症症状,并在动脉壁上形成斑块。 相似文献
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Prediction of proteinase cleavage sites in polyproteins of coronaviruses and its applications in analyzing SARS-CoV genomes 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
Recently, we have developed a coronavirus-specific gene-finding system, ZCURVE_CoV 1.0. In this paper, the system is further improved by taking the prediction of cleavage sites of viral proteinases in polyproteins into account. The cleavage sites of the 3C-like proteinase and papain-like proteinase are highly conserved. Based on the method of traditional positional weight matrix trained by the peptides around cleavage sites, the present method also sufficiently considers the length conservation of non-structural proteins cleaved by the 3C-like proteinase and papain-like proteinase to reduce the false positive prediction rate. The improved system, ZCURVE_CoV 2.0, has been run for each of the 24 completely sequenced coronavirus genomes in GenBank. Consequently, all the non-structural proteins in the 24 genomes are accurately predicted. Compared with known annotations, the performance of the present method is satisfactory. The software ZCURVE_CoV 2.0 is freely available at http://tubic.tju.edu.cn/sars/. 相似文献
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ZCURVE_CoV: a new system to recognize protein coding genes in coronavirus genomes,and its applications in analyzing SARS-CoV genomes 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Chen LL Ou HY Zhang R Zhang CT 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2003,307(2):382-388
A new system to recognize protein coding genes in the coronavirus genomes, specially suitable for the SARS-CoV genomes, has been proposed in this paper. Compared with some existing systems, the new program package has the merits of simplicity, high accuracy, reliability, and quickness. The system ZCURVE_CoV has been run for each of the 11 newly sequenced SARS-CoV genomes. Consequently, six genomes not annotated previously have been annotated, and some problems of previous annotations in the remaining five genomes have been pointed out and discussed. In addition to the polyprotein chain ORFs 1a and 1b and the four genes coding for the major structural proteins, spike (S), small envelop (E), membrane (M), and nuleocaspid (N), respectively, ZCURVE_CoV also predicts 5-6 putative proteins in length between 39 and 274 amino acids with unknown functions. Some single nucleotide mutations within these putative coding sequences have been detected and their biological implications are discussed. A web service is provided, by which a user can obtain the annotated result immediately by pasting the SARS-CoV genome sequences into the input window on the web site (http://tubic.tju.edu.cn/sars/). The software ZCURVE_CoV can also be downloaded freely from the web address mentioned above and run in computers under the platforms of Windows or Linux. 相似文献
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为了表达SARS-CoV的S蛋白的受体结合区并对其免疫原性进行分析,用PCR方法扩增S蛋白的受体结合区基因片段,克隆至原核表达质粒pET-F32a+并在大肠杆菌中表达,应用Western—blot鉴定表达的目的蛋白,而后以该蛋白作为诊断抗原包被酶联卡反来检测20份SARS病人血清和28份健康人血清,结果原核表达的S蛋白能够和所用的SARS病人血清反应。这提示表达的S重组蛋白具有良好的抗原性。将变性纯化的重组蛋白和复性蛋白分别皮下免疫小鼠,第三次免疫一周后收集抗血清,用ELISA测定抗体和同时测定中和抗体活性。用变性的抗原免疫的小鼠血清均无中和活性;而用复性的蛋白免疫的小鼠产生了中和抗体。实验表明,S蛋白受体结合区无线性中和表位,中和抗体的产生是由构象表位诱导的。提示该蛋白有可能应用于亚单位疫苗的研究。 相似文献