奸狡长蠹属Apate六种识别

研究了奸狡长蠹属Apate 6个种:钻孔奸狡长蠹Apate terebrans(Pallas)、杂奸狡长蠢Apate degener Murray、射影奸狡长蠹Apate reflexa Lesne、咖啡黑长蠹Apate monachus Fabricius、毛额奸狡长蠹Apate femoralis F&hraeus和毛跗奸狡长蠹Apate indistincta Murray,其中咖啡黑长蠹是我国进境植物检疫性害虫.提供了上述6种奸狡长蠹的鉴定检索表,并分别描述了主要形态特征、寄主、分析和经济重要性.     

基于mtDNA CO I基因的十种长小蠹分子系统进化研究 (鞘翅目:长小蠹科)

全世界记录的长小蠹(鞘翅目:长小蠹科)有1 500余种,其分类地位一直存在争议.本研究通过分子基因信息探讨长小蠹科昆虫的分子系统进化关系,测定了中对长小蠹Euplatypus parallelus(Fabricius)、希氏长小蠹E. hintzi Schaufuss、散对长小蠹E. solutus Schedl、杯长小蠹Dinoplatypus cupulatus Chapuis、小杯长小蠹D.cupulatulus Schedl、芦苇黄截尾长小蠹D.calamus Blandford、五棘长小蠹Diapus quinquespinatus Chapuis、锥长小蠹Treptoplatypus solidus Walk、栎长小蠹Platypus quercivorus Murayama和东亚长小蠹P.lewosi Blandford等长小蠹科5属10种mtDNA CO I基因部分序列(549 bp);采用MEGA3.1分析了序列组成及遗传距离,应用PAUP4.0分别构建了长小蠹NJ,MP和ML等3种分子系统树,同时结合长小蠹的形态分类,探讨10种长小蠹及其所在属的系统进化.结果表明:长小蠹科昆虫在碱基使用频率上有很大的偏向性;长小蠹科与外群小蠹科松瘤小蠹Orthotomicus erosus Wollaston之间的遗传距离(0.288～0.338)远大于科内种间距离(0～0.226);Diapus属分化最早,Euplatypus属独成一支,Treptohlatypus,Dinoplatypus和Platypus 3属分化为一支.长小蠹科分子系统进化研究结果与Wood(1993)新修订的分类系统基本一致,说明长小蠹科的分类系统更趋于合理.     

异胫长小蠹属中国记录种

我国2007年修订公布的《中华人民共和国进境植物检疫性有害生物名录》将异胫长小蠹属非中国种作为我国进境植物检疫性有害生物。因此开展该类群中国记录种的厘订工作具有重要意义。本文记述了异胫长小蠹属中国记录种13种,即针叶异胫长小蠢Crossotarsus conife瑚、缺刻异胫长小蠹cemancipatus、外齿异胫长小蠹cexternedentatus、壳斗异胫长小蠹cfagacearum、黄翅长小蠹c伽o,,啪u纽础、端刺异胫长小蠢Cimpariporus,日本异胫长小蠢cniponicus、黑异胫长小蠹c．piceus、台湾异胫长小蠢csauteri、简长小蠹csimplex、鳞异胫长小蠹c．squamulatus、端异胫长小蠢Cterminatus和华氏异胫长小蠹c．wallacei,对这些种类的主要形态特征进行了描述,并编制了种类检索表。同时整理出了这些种类的寄主及分布。     

番禺口岸从进境原木中截获的长蠹科害虫

本文用图文描述了番禺口岸近3年来从进口原木中截获的8种长蠹科害虫,包括电缆斜坡长蠹Xylopsocus capucinus(Fabricius)、黄足长棒长蠹Xylothrips flavipes(Illiger)、竹蠹Dinoderus minutus(Fabricius)、三胝双棘长蠹Sinoxylon senegalense Karsch、双棘长蠹Sinoxylon anale Lesne、双钩异翅长蠹Heterobostrychus aequalis(Waterhouse)、大竹蠹Bostrychopsis parallela(Lesne)和红艳长蠹Xylothrips religiosus(Boisduval)等重要长蠹成虫的主要形态特征,并编制了分种检索表.     

异胫长小蠹属中国记录种

我国2007年修订公布的《中华人民共和国进境植物检疫性有害生物名录》将异胫长小蠹属非中国种作为我国进境植物检疫性有害生物。因此开展该类群中国记录种的厘订工作具有重要意义。本文记述了异胫长小蠹属中国记录种13种,即针叶异胫长小蠹Crossotarsus coniferae、缺刻异胫长小蠹C.emancipatus、外齿异胫长小蠹C.externedentatus、壳斗异胫长小蠹C.fagacearum.、黄翅长小蠹C.flavomaculotus、端刺异胫长小蠹C.impariporus,日本异胫长小蠹C.niponicus、黑异胫长小蠹C.piceus、台湾异胫长小蠹C.sauteri、简长小蠹C.simplex、鳞异胫长小蠹C.squamulatus、端异胫长小蠹C.terminatus和华氏异胫长小蠹C.wallacei,对这些种类的主要形态特征进行了描述,并编制了种类检索表。同时整理出了这些种类的寄主及分布。     

四钩异翅长蠹的生物学和防治

<正> 四钩异翅长蠹Heterobostrychus aequalis Waterhouse属鞘翅目,长蠹科(Bostrychidae),异翅长蠹属。该虫在广东东莞为害藤料,使藤厂遭受严重损失。     

双棘长蠹属的检疫鉴定

长期以来,双棘长蠹的英文和中文资料不但收录的种类少,而且与莱纳的权威著述在有些形态描述上不一致。本文根据莱纳的法文原著,将双棘长蠹属害虫的主要形态特征和38种的检索表结合特征图编译如下,供口岸检疫鉴定和国内林木害虫调查时作参考。     

基于mtDNA COⅠ基因的十种长小蠹分子系统进化研究（鞘翅目：长小蠹科）

全世界记录的长小蠹（鞘翅目：长小蠹科）有1 500余种,其分类地位一直存在争议。本研究通过分子基因信息探讨长小蠹科昆虫的分子系统进化关系,测定了中对长小蠹Euplatypus parallelus（Fabricius）、希氏长小蠹E. hintzi Schaufuss、散对长小蠹E. solutus Schedl、杯长小蠹Dinoplatypus cupulatus Chapuis、小杯长小蠹D. cupulatulus Schedl、芦苇黄截尾长小蠹D. calamus Blandford、五棘长小蠹Diapus quinquespinatus Chapuis、锥长小蠹Treptoplatypus solidus Walk、栎长小蠹Platypus quercivorus Murayama和东亚长小蠹P. lewisi Blandford等长小蠹科5属10种mtDNA COⅠ基因部分序列（549 bp）;采用MEGA3.1分析了序列组成及遗传距离,应用PAUP4.0分别构建了长小蠹NJ,MP和ML等3种分子系统树,同时结合长小蠹的形态分类,探讨10 种长小蠹及其所在属的系统进化。结果表明：长小蠹科昆虫在碱基使用频率上有很大的偏向性;长小蠹科与外群小蠹科松瘤小蠹Orthotomicus erosus Wollaston之间的遗传距离（0.288～0.338）远大于科内种间距离（0～0.226）;Diapus属分化最早,Euplatypus属独成一支,Treptohlatypus, Dinoplatypus和Platypus 3属分化为一支。长小蠹科分子系统进化研究结果与Wood（1993）新修订的分类系统基本一致,说明长小蠹科的分类系统更趋于合理。     

进口竹藤中竹长蠹五近似种的鉴别(鞘翅目:长蠹科)

介绍了近年从进口竹藤检疫中多次截获的5种竹长蠹:双窝竹长蠹 Dinoderus bifoveolatus (Wollaston)、小竹长蠹D. brevis Horn、日本竹长蠹D. japonicus Lesne、竹长蠹D. minutus Fabricius及小点竹长蠹D. ocellari Stephens,分别介绍了头、前胸背板、鞘翅、腹面及足的主要鉴别特征,并编制了这5个近似种的检索表.     

长蠹科几种检疫性害虫的ND4基因序列及系统进化

长蠹科昆虫严重危害林木和仓贮物品。应用非损伤性DNA测序技术测定了来自不同国家的长蠹科害虫的线粒体DNA ND4 基因的部分序列。在获得的204 bp的序列中,5种昆虫的序列变异丰富,多数变异发生在密码子的第3位点上。用PAUP3.1.1数据分析软件构建了5个种的合意简约树。并将实验结果与形态学特征比较分析,探讨5个种及所在属的系统进化。结果表明：双钩异翅长蠹所在的异翅长蠹属分化最早,其次是竹大长蠹所在的大长蠹属、双棘长蠹和黑双棘长蠹所在的双棘长蠹属及红艳长蠹所在的钻木长蠹属。双棘长蠹和黑双棘长蠹隶属同一个属,遗传关系最近,分化最晚,与形态学研究结果相吻合。     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV     

Similar aerosol emission rates and viral loads in upper respiratory tracts for COVID-19 patients with Delta and Omicron variant infection

Highlights
1 Aerosol emission rates of Delta or Omicron patients were similar.
2 Viral loads in upper respiratory tract of Alpha, Delta and Omicron patients were similar.
3 Viral loads in upper respiratory tract of vaccinated or unvaccinated Delta patients had no difference.     

Recombinant human interferon-α1b inhibits SARS-CoV-2 better than interferon-α2b in vitro

Highlights
1) A comprehensive evaluation method for anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs was established based on RT-qPCR, TCID₅₀ method, and immunofluorescence.
2) A significant antiviral effect of rHuIFN-α1b was shown with EC₅₀=0.12 IU/mL in Vero cells and EC₅₀=0.52 IU/mL in Calu-3 cells, which was better than rHuIFN-α2b (EC₅₀=0.25 IU/mL in Vero cells and EC₅₀=2.48 IU/mL in Calu-3 cells).
3) rHuIFN-α1b has a good potential in the application of anti-COVID-19 therapy.