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旋扭山绿豆凝集素的纯化与特性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
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旋扭山绿豆(Desmodiumintortum)凝集素的纯化与特性彭建宗,程双奇,陈兆平,莫熙穆(华南师范大学生物系,广州510631)关键词凝集素;旋扭山绿豆;亲和层析;糖蛋白豆科植物和根瘤菌之间的共生结瘤固氮关系早有报道。例如大豆只被B.仰。6。... 相似文献
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从旋扭山绿豆根瘤中分离得到快生型根瘤菌。该菌株的时/代为3.85h,高度抗碱,略耐盐;能利用供试的所有双糖和单糖,在BTB反应中培养基由乳黄色变黄色;不产生3-酮基乳糖,表明井非根癌农杆菌。快生型菌株抗原性比慢生型菌株强,共生效应的固氮酶活性比慢生型菌株差。 相似文献
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在自生异养条件下,旋扭山绿豆根瘤菌MXDI6菌株的氢酶诱导表达受气相、pH值、镍等因子影响:氢酶表达的最适氧浓度为4%,最适氢浓度为15%,二氧化碳没有明显影响;氢酶表达的pH值以5.0—6.0为宜;0.5μmol/LNiCl2明显促进吸氢活性,但镍浓度大于1μmol/L则抑制吸氢活性. 相似文献
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荔枝-旋扭山绿豆复合种植系统对荔枝害虫的生态调控作用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
对营建荔枝 旋扭山绿豆复合种植系统和荔枝单一种植系统的昆虫群落结构及动态进行系统调查.结果表明,复合种植园中荔枝害虫总数显著减少,仅为单一种植园的61.27%,在果实生长关键期的5月份的数量仅是单一种植园的50.45%.旋扭山绿豆与荔枝树存在相互协调关系:两者具较少共同害虫,其害虫却存在多种共同天敌;旋扭山绿豆冬季开花为天敌昆虫越冬提供庇护场所和替代食物,两者花期基本衔接,利于害虫天敌的生存及繁殖.在荔枝开花和荔果生长期的3~6月份,复合园荔枝树上的天敌数量与害虫数量之比分别为单一园的4.22、2.34、2.28和20.63倍,有效地发挥了对荔枝害虫的控制作用. 相似文献
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火龙果幼苗对低温胁迫的生理响应及其抗寒性综合评价 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以野生火龙果量天尺和贵州主栽品种‘紫红龙’、‘晶红龙’、‘粉红龙’扦插幼苗为试材,人工控温进行抗寒锻炼、低温冷害处理及恢复生长,以未处理作对照,测定不同处理下幼苗的电解质渗出率(REC)、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、游离脯氨酸和丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化。结果表明,电解质渗出率随温度降低逐渐增加,恢复生长后电解质渗出率与对照之间没有显著差别。幼苗中的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸及丙二醛含量在抗寒锻炼和低温处理后升高,恢复生长后降低。可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量随不同处理变幅较大,MDA和可溶性蛋白随不同处理变幅较小。运用Fuzzy数学中隶属函数法进行抗寒性综合评价,得出火龙果抗寒性强弱表现为量天尺>‘晶红龙’>‘粉红龙’>‘紫红龙’,与恢复生长的试验结果基本一致。 相似文献
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旋扭山绿豆(Desmodiumintortum)不仅是营养价值高的牧草,而且是耐阴、高固氮和适于水土保持的植物。本植物由主根、各级侧根和不定根组成庞大的根系.各种根都可长出根瘤。其根瘤形成时间较早.数量较多.85%以上为有效根瘤.类菌体力棒形.茎半匍匐,分枝多,复盖面积大,节及节间都能产生不定根。其叶较薄.气孔较少.叶绿体较大.其内淀粉粒少.基粒片层较丰富,因而能耐阴、在20%遮阴下生长最好。 相似文献
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为探究红果风铃木(Handroanthus chrysotrichus)对低温的耐受能力,以1年生红果风铃木幼苗为材料,人工模拟不同低温环境观察幼苗在低温下的受害情况,并测定SOD、MDA等生理指标和叶绿素荧光参数。结果表明:红果风铃木幼苗在遭受6℃及以上低温胁迫时,能够通过提高SOD活性、增加SS、Pro以及叶绿素含量增强植株抗寒力,进而缓解胁迫给植株带来的伤害;红果风铃木幼苗还能够提高NPQ耗散过剩的光能避免光合机构受低温破坏,但随着温度下降至2℃,PSⅡ反应中心的伤害愈发严重,光合作用能力受到显著影响。结合各项指标变化特征,推测红果风铃木幼苗能够有效通过自身调节缓解胁迫带来伤害的最低温度范围为2~5℃,具体临界点还需进一步验证。在遭受6℃及以上低温胁迫时,红果风铃木幼苗主要通过提高SOD活性和积累SS缓解低温给植株带来的损伤;随着温度下降至2℃及以下低温时,主要通过提高SOD活性和积累Pro缓解低温给植株带来的损伤。综合分析认为,红果风铃木幼苗无法抵抗0℃及以下低温产生的冻害,但对0℃以上低温有一定的耐受力,研究结果有利于红果风铃木的抗性品种选育和推广种植,对探索植物抗寒生理机制... 相似文献
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José Pires de Lemos Filho Hilton Silveira Pinto Olinto Gomes da Rocha Neto 《International journal of biometeorology》1993,37(4):203-206
In this study we have examined the responses ofHevea plants to low temperatures in growth chambers simulating winter conditions in the tropics. The low temperatures increased the leaf diffusive resistance even with a rise in the leaf temperatures toward the end of day. The total chlorophyll levels were reduced by chilling, with no changes in the chlorophyll a/b ratio. Neither organic solute nor electrolyte leakage were observed at low temperatures. These results explain the low growth rate of plants and the lack of serious chilling symptoms (necrosis) in mature leaves during winter conditions near latitude 22° S in Brazil. 相似文献
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Summary Free-proline accumulation was measured in leaves of intact wheat (Triticum vulgare L. cv. Kalyan Sona), plantago (Plantago ovata Forsk-Isabgool), papavar (Papaver somnifera L. Opium poppy) and mustard (Brassica juncea L. var. Varuna) grown in the field with low to high field water content and thus they were subjected to water stress. Leaf water deficit in percentage was used to determine the degree of stress at the time of proline anlysis.Free proline content was higher in mustard leaves as compared to wheat, plantago and papavar leaves. Water stress enhances the proline content but at same water deficit level the content differ in the leaves of the plants studied. 相似文献
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Using two different inbred lines of Momordica charantia (bitter gourd), Y-106-5 and Z-1-4, the cell membrane stability, leaf water potential, pigment contents and the chlorophyll a fluorescence were investigated with different low night temperature (LNT) treatments over a 7 day time period and the sequent a 7 day recovery. Under LNT treatments, electrolyte leakage increased in both inbred lines and it increased more significantly in Y-106-5 plants than that in Z-1-4. The content of Chl b and total Chl decreased, while the Chl a/b ratio increased in stressed plants of the two lines. Almost all LNT treatments induced little change in Chl a content in Z-1-4 whereas obvious decreases in 5 and 8°C treated Y-106-5 plants were observed. Chilling changed the water status of plants and induced decreases of leaf water potential (LWP) in 5 and 8°C treated plants. LNT treatments also resulted in changes in the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in bitter gourd leaves. The potential PSII activity (F v/F o) was reduced obviously by LNT stress and showed more sensitive to LNT than the maximum quantum efficiency of PSII primary photochemistry (F v/F m). The efficiency of open PSII centers exhibited a slight decrease whereas the photochemical quenching efficient (q P) was affected more seriously by LNT stress in both two inbred lines. The allocation of energy was rearranged by LNT stress. The light fraction used for PSII photochemistry (P) was reduced, while that used for heat dissipation (D) and the third fraction of absorbed light defines excess energy (E) increased due to the chilling stress. The impacts of LNT stress on bitter gourd generally increased with the number of LNT chilling and the severe night chilling. Plants were little affected by 12°C night chilling and the most acute damage was found in 5°C night chilling treatments. A 7 day recovery mitigated the adverse effects of LNT for both lines and almost all LNT treated plants restored to control levels except 5°C night chilling treated Y-106-5 plants. The two lines have a variance in tolerance to LNT stress and display obvious differences of phenotypes under extreme conditions. 相似文献
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为探究银杏(Ginkgo biloba)叶萜类内酯含量和光合同化作用的关系,对其内酯含量和叶绿素荧光特性进行了研究。结果表明,不同采收时间银杏叶中白果内酯和银杏内酯含量有显著差异,总体上,5月份含量较低,此后逐渐升高,8月份达到高峰,然后快速下降,10月底最低;与此同时,银杏叶片的光合色素以及叶绿素荧光参数也呈现周期性变化。白果内酯以及萜内酯含量与叶绿素荧光参数Y(NPQ)之间呈极显著正相关关系,因此,可以通过银杏叶片的叶绿素荧光参数预测白果内酯和萜内酯含量。 相似文献
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为了解光照对假紫万年青(Belosynapsis ciliata)生长的影响,研究了不同光照强度下假紫万年青形态特征和叶绿素荧光参数的变化。结果表明,随着遮阴强度的增加,假紫万年青的自然株高有所增加,节数、茎粗、分枝数和茎长度均减少;而不同光照强度对假紫万年青节间长的影响不明显;其叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素总含量和叶绿素a/b先增加后又减少,以15.2%NS时达到最大。叶绿素b含量与叶绿素荧光的Fv/Fm呈负相关,Fv/Fm为0.75~0.8。因此,在高光照条件下,假紫万年青匍匐近地生长,随着光照条件的逐渐减弱,趋向直立生长。在屋顶绿化种植的初期采用适度遮阴(35.2%NS)可使其更好的生长,加速成坪,降低管理成本。 相似文献
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为揭示高山羊齿(Davallia mariesii)的光响应机制,对5种不同遮荫处理的盆栽高山羊齿的生长状态、光合特性和叶绿素荧光参数进行测定。结果表明,随着遮荫水平的增加,高山羊齿叶形不断变大、叶色不断加深。在70%遮荫下,高山羊齿生长势好,叶片硬脆有光泽,且产孢率低,孢子成熟延迟。叶绿素a、叶绿素b和叶绿素a+b随遮荫水平的提高而增加,但在90%遮荫时下降;而叶绿素a/b、光饱和点、光补偿点和暗呼吸速率的变化则与之相反,且遮荫程度较深与无遮荫间的光饱和点有极显著差异。在5种遮荫处理下,70%时叶绿素荧光参数Fm、φPo、ψO、φEo、TRO/RC、ABS/RC、ETO/RC都达到最大。因此,70%遮荫的光抑制最小,光能利用率最大,光合能力最强,最有利于高山羊齿的生长。 相似文献
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Summary A convenient system for the rapid simultaneous measurement of both chlorophyll fluorescence quenching using a modulated light system, and of CO2, and water vapour exchange by leaves is described. The system was used in a study of the effects of water deficits on the photosynthesis by apple leaves (Malus x domestica Borkh.). Apple leaves were found to have low values of steady-state variable fluorescence, and the existence of significant fluorescence with open traps (Fo) quenching necessitated the measurement and use of a corrected Fo in the calculation of quenching components. Long-term water stress had a marked effect on both gas-exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence quenching. Non-photochemical quenching (qn) in particular was increased in water-stressed leaves, and it was particularly sensitive to incident radiation in such leaves. In contrast, rapid dehydration only affected gas exchange. Relaxation of qn quenching in the dark was slow, taking approximately 10 min for a 50% recovery, in well-watered and in draughted plants, and whether or not the plants had been exposed to high light. 相似文献
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以采自甘肃民勤一年生的沙拐枣幼苗为试材,对不同NaCl浓度(0、50、100、200、300mmol·L~(-1))处理下沙拐枣光合生理特性进行分析,并对各生理指标与地上生物量进行灰色关联度分析,以探讨荒漠植物沙拐枣的抗盐机理,为沙拐枣的保护及其恢复荒漠生态系统稳定提供理论依据。结果显示:随着NaCl浓度的升高,沙拐枣同化枝内脯氨酸含量逐渐增大,而其可溶性糖含量逐渐减小;在低浓度NaCl(50mmol·L~(-1) NaCl)处理下,同化枝光合参数均增加,且净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)均达到最大值,比对照分别显著增加了33.3%、68.0%、60.8%;与50mmol·L~(-1) NaCl相比,处理浓度超过50mmol·L~(-1) NaCl时,Pn、Gs、Tr均降低;同化枝叶绿素b含量随着NaCl浓度的增加而降低,而叶绿素a和总叶绿素含量均呈先增加后降低的趋势。灰色关联度分析发现,同化枝的Tr、Gs、Ci以及叶绿素b与地上生物量的关联度较大。研究表明,低盐浓度NaCl激活了沙拐枣的某些生理机制,有利于植株的光合作用和生长,而植物在高盐浓度胁迫时能通过调节脯氨酸和可溶性糖的含量,减少叶绿素含量、Pn和Tr等维持自身的生长。 相似文献
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为探讨铝胁迫对苜蓿(Medicago sativa)幼苗生长和生理特性的影响,对铝胁迫下苜蓿地上和地下生物量、光合色素及根尖胼胝质含量进行测定,并对根尖结构进行观察,最后采用隶属函数分析法对苜蓿耐铝性进行评价。结果表明,随着铝胁迫的增加,苜蓿地上、地下部分生物量呈降低趋势,低浓度和高浓度铝胁迫使苜蓿生物量显著下降(P0.05);苜蓿的叶绿素含量呈下降趋势,胼胝质积累量增多;中、高浓度铝胁迫使根尖胼胝质含量显著上升。随铝胁迫浓度升高,根尖横切面细胞发生较大变化,尤其在高浓度时,细胞干瘪且排列紊乱。隶属函数分析结果表明,No. 12和No. 18苜蓿材料的耐铝性较好,可在南方酸性富铝化土壤中推广应用。 相似文献