中国特有濒危种川东灯台报春( 报春花科) 的重新发现

2006 年6 月份和9 月份, 作者在对重庆市城口县大巴山地区进行考察时, 采集到了中国特有种川东灯台报春( Primula mallophylla) 的标本, 这是近百年来对该种除模式标本外的再度发现。根据在大巴山观察及采集到的材料, 作者对过去该种的特征描述中存在的一些疑问进行了澄清, 更正和补充了其形态描述; 对历史上混淆的几个种列出了检索表; 报道了该种的染色体数目及核型; 根据国际通用的“红色名录等级及标准”对其濒危等级进行了评估。     

哈佛大学植物标本馆湖北木本植物标本志要

本文是作者于1981—1982年在美国哈佛大学阿诺德树木园进修学习和研究工作所得的资料之一。全文收集作者在哈佛大学植物标本馆研阅的湖北木本植物标本约二万份,计包括93科,320属,1,455种(含种下等级)。按科属排列,分种记述该种标本的产地、采集人、采集号、采集时间和作者的附注说明。文末附有本文中的标本采集人简介、地名注释和科属拉丁名索引。本文可供研究湖北植物,调查、利用、保护湖北森林资源和考证国内外植物学者、植物采集者在湖北的采集史参考。     

西藏特有竹子Arundinaria macclureana 的名实辨正

Arundinaria macclureana 是在现代植物学中根据在西藏采集的标本描述的第一个竹子。其模式标本是
1938 年采集的, 但只有花枝, 没有地下茎、秆箨等重要特征。尽管如此, 该种还成为了新属Borinda 的模
式种。在研究了其模式标本后, 使本文第一作者联想起1991 年在藏东南采集的西藏箭竹( Fargesia setosa) 。
西藏箭竹的模式标本采集于1977 年, 但只有营养体, 没有花枝。在对比研究两个名称的模式后, 确认二
者实为同种。经与共同作者一起讨论, 认为其正确学名为Fargesia macclureana, 但该种所在的筱竹属群的
关系还有待进一步的研究。     

西藏特有竹子Arundinaria macclureana的名实辨正

Arundinaria macclureana是在现代植物学中根据在西藏采集的标本描述的第一个竹子。其模式标本是1938年采集的,但只有花枝,没有地下茎、秆箨等重要特征。尽管如此,该种还成为了新属Borinda的模式种。在研究了其模式标本后,使本文第一作者联想起1991年在藏东南采集的西藏箭竹（Fargesia setosa）。西藏箭竹的模式标本采集于1977年,但只有营养体,没有花枝。在对比研究两个名称的模式后,确认二者实为同种。经与共同作者一起讨论,认为其正确学名为Fargesia macclureana,但该种所在的筱竹属群的关系还有待进一步的研究。     

四川省发现玉龙龙蜥

玉龙龙蜥Diploderma yulongense(Mathey, Denzer, HouWang 2012)于2012年根据Andrews R C等1914年在玉龙雪山采集的历史馆藏标本命名。至今对该物种尚未进行过研究,对其自然生活史资料和分布范围知之甚少。2019年7月,作者在四川省凉山彝族自治州木里县下麦地乡采集到2号龙蜥属物种标本(采集号:2019ML0037♂,2019ML0038♀),经形态学检视和线粒体ND2基因序列重建分子系统发育关系,确定该2号标本为玉龙龙蜥,该种是四川分布新记录种。该发现将对玉龙龙蜥在我国地理分布的认知向东北方向延伸了100余千米。     

网叶马铃苣苔(苦苣苔科)的重新发现以及花的补充描述

花部形态是马铃苣苔属属下划分和种间界定的关键性状,缺乏花器官的描述直接导致了一些存疑物种的存在。网叶马铃苣苔(Oreocharis rhytidophylla C. Y. Wu ex H. W. Li)自1956年最后被采集到并于1983年发表,由于没有花的特征,在《中国植物志》《中国苦苣苔科植物》和Flora of China均存疑,但该种在随后的60余年间再无相关的采集记录。作者经过多年的跟踪调查,于2017年在其模式产地重新发现并采集了带花的凭证标本。该文作者根据已经采集到的具花标本,确定这个种是个自然种,并基于新收集到的材料,补充描述了花的形态特征。网叶马铃苣苔的重新发现,为探索其系统位置提供了重要的依据。     

网叶马铃苣苔(苦苣苔科)的重新发现以及花的补充描述（英文）

花部形态是马铃苣苔属属下划分和种间界定的关键性状,缺乏花器官的描述直接导致了一些存疑物种的存在。网叶马铃苣苔(Oreocharis rhytidophylla C. Y. Wu ex H. W. Li)自1956年最后被采集到并于1983年发表,由于没有花的特征,在《中国植物志》《中国苦苣苔科植物》和Flora of China均存疑,但该种在随后的60余年间再无相关的采集记录。作者经过多年的跟踪调查,于2017年在其模式产地重新发现并采集了带花的凭证标本。该文作者根据已经采集到的具花标本,确定这个种是个自然种,并基于新收集到的材料,补充描述了花的形态特征。网叶马铃苣苔的重新发现,为探索其系统位置提供了重要的依据。     

中国的齿状真菌研究3.肉齿菌属

对中国肉齿菌属的3个种进行了总结,其中花状肉齿菌为中国新记录种.该种采集自海南省儋州市热带植物园,主要特征:子实体花朵状、覆瓦状叠生,囊状体棒状或纺锤形,担孢子广椭圆形.根据采集的标本对该种进行了详细的描述及显微结构绘图,对该种与其它种类的联系和区别进行了讨论,并列出了附有每种简要描述的检索表.     

古田山国家级自然保护区木腐真菌物种多样性及分布

木腐真菌是微生物的一个重要类群, 主要以倒木为生长基质, 通过产生各种水解酶将倒木的纤维素、木质素和半纤维素分解为小分子物质, 对促进森林生态系统中的营养物质循环发挥着重要的生态功能。于2016年8月在浙江古田山国家级自然保护区开展的木腐真菌野外调查, 利用形态学和DNA序列分析对采集的标本进行了物种鉴定, 并分析了木腐真菌的物种组成和地理成分。在采集的158份标本中鉴定木腐真菌45属92种, 其中白腐真菌78种, 褐腐真菌14种。古田山的木腐真菌物种区系组成中, 热带-亚热带成分比例最高。在158份木腐真菌标本中, 97份标本采自直径大于10 cm的倒木或树桩上, 分属于76个种, 是木腐真菌生长的主要基质大小类型; 48份标本采自直径为2-10 cm的枝干上, 分属38个种; 13份标本采自直径小于2 cm的枝干上, 分属12种。不同腐烂等级倒木上生长的真菌数量和种类差异明显, 其中一级腐烂倒木上采集到9份标本(7种), 二级腐烂倒木上采集到86份标本(45种), 三级腐烂倒木上49份标本(29种), 四级腐烂倒木上14份标本(14种)。结果表明, 林分中倒木直径大小和腐烂程度是影响木腐真菌生长与分布的重要因子。     

日本多年卧孔菌——中国新记录种

<正> 1993年作者在北京附近调查采集木腐菌时,发现其中7份标本具有明显的菌索和二系菌丝系统,其担孢子截形,并在Melzer试剂中呈黄褐色,经鉴定为日本多年卧孔菌Perenniporca japonica(Yasuda)T.Hattori & Ryvarden该种国内以前未见报道,现报道如下: 日本多年卧孔菌 图1     

木里报春一新异名

将新近发表的Primula hongshanensis D. W. H. Rankin, Z. D. Fang &; H. Sun处理为木里报春P. boreiocalliantha的异名, 对近缘的几个种列出了检索表。     

安徽特有植物安徽羽叶报春的繁殖生物学研究

本文分别从物候、繁育结构和传粉等方面研究了国家三级保护植物、安徽特有种——安徽羽叶报春(Primula merrilliana)的繁殖生物学特征。研究结果表明:(1)安徽羽叶报春是典型的形态和功能意义上的花柱二型的二年生植物,其始苗期为9月,一直持续到第二年6月底或7月初死亡,各居群长柱花植株比短柱花植株开花略早3-5d;(2)安徽羽叶报春的散孔型花粉显示其在报春花属中有重要的系统意义和进化意义。同时,短柱花花粉量比长柱花少,但其花粉直径是后者的1.78倍左右;(3)长花柱的雌蕊长度是短花柱的1.64倍,而且其柱头上的乳头状突起比短花柱上的长而稀;(4)3个研究居群的P/O比都不相同,我们发现花粉量比胚珠数量有更大的变异,这可能与生境有关;(5)安徽羽叶报春为异花授粉植物,蓟马属(Thrips)昆虫为其重要的传粉者,其同型花授粉可育性远比异型花授粉的高;(6)其长、短柱型种子没有明显的形态差异,多属不等边七面体,少为其他多面体。据研究,在小居群中两种花柱类型植株的比例失衡,生境的破坏和伴生种的消失可能是导致安徽羽叶报春濒危的重要原因。     

Effect of genotype on callus induction,shoot regeneration,and phenotypic stability of regenerated plants in the greenhouse of Primula ssp.

Genotypic differences between six genotypes of Primula vulgaris could be observed in callus induction rate, type of callus, root formation during the callus phase, and shoot regeneration rate. The shoot regeneration rate ranged from zero to 11.6 shoots per explant. There was no correlation between callus induction rate and shoot regeneration rate. Callus consistency and colour were an indicator of the organogenetic capacity of callus. An experiment with different periods of treatment with 4.0 mg l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2.0 mg l21 thidiazuron revealed that the shoot regeneration rate varied tremendously between genotypes. In two genotypes a period of 8 weeks on medium with plant growth regulators was sufficient to induce shoot regeneration. In three other genotypes a longer induction period was not able to overcome low regeneration capacity. However an increase in shoot regeneration rate was observed after 16iV32 weeks of induction. Phenotypic stability was also strongly dependent on genotype. In three genotypes the majority of regenerated plants looked normal and were diploid. Aberrations like abnormal growth habit, crinkly leaves, deviation of flower colour or lack of pollen formation occurred in only one genotype at a very low frequency (1.5 genotypes between 12.5 and 18.1 regenerants was tetraploid.     

Comparative study of pollination biology of two closely related alpine Primula species,namely Primula beesiana and P. bulleyana (Primulaceae)

Abstract The comparative pollination biology of a population of Primula beesiana, a population of P. bulleyana, and an overlapping population of these two species in Yulong Shan, Yunnan Province, China, was studied in 2004 and 2005. The results indicate that both P. beesiana and P. bulleyana are typical heterostylous and obligate outcrossing species; the main pollinators of the two species were bees and butterflies. At the sites of all three populations, the main pollinating visitors of the two species showed preference for one of the two species, resulting in the ethological isolation of the two species by the pollinators. This ethological isolation contributes to the reproductive isolation of the two species, which supports the hypothesis that P. beesiana and P. bulleyana are two distinct species. The reproductive isolation of the two species (ethological isolation) is probably an important mechanism in maintaining species boundaries in the genus and has contributed to the species diversification of Primula in the area. In addition, gene exchanges between P. beesiana and P. bulleyana has occurred to some extent in the overlapping population, but whether natural hybridization has contributed to species diversification in Primula remains to be determined.     

Comparative study of pollination biology of two closely related alpine Primula species,namely Primula beesiana and P.bulleyana (Primulaceae)

The comparative pollination biology of a population of Primula beesiana,a population of P.bulleyana,and an overlapping population of these two species in Yulong Shan,Yunnan Province,China,was studied in 2004 and 2005.The results indicate that both P.beesiana and P.bulleyana are typical heterostylous and obligate outcrossing species;the main pollinators of the two species were bees and butterflies.At the sites of all three populations,the main pollinating visitors of the two species showed preference for one...     

Primula vallicola sp. nov. (Primulaceae) from Sichuan,China

A new species of Primula, P. vallicola Y. Xu, G. Hao & C.M. Hu, is described and illustrated from Sichuan province, China. Based on general morphology the new species is assigned to Primula sect. Aleuritia subsect. Yunnanensis. It is closely allied to P. kialensis, but can be distinguished by its larger stature, leaf shape, and the well‐differentiated petiole. The leaf shape of the new species is ovate to ovate‐elliptic and usually sub‐rounded at base. The new species also resembles P. homogama, but differs in being glabrous rather than with appressed hairs, and with longer petiole.     

Plant regeneration from cell suspension-derived protoplasts of Primula malacoides and Primula obconica

Protoplasts were isolated from cell suspension cultures of Primula malacoides cv. ‘Lovely Tokyo’ and P. obconica cv. ‘Aalsmeer Giant White’. P. obconica protoplasts were embedded in 0.1% (w/v) gellan gum-solidified discs comprising MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/l of 2,4-D or picloram, 0.1 mg/l of zeatin, 0.2 M glucose and 0.2 M mannitol, and surrounded by a liquid medium of the same composition except for the addition of 0.1% (w/v) activated charcoal. The protoplasts formed visible colonies, which were transferred to the regeneration medium containing 30 g/l of sucrose, 0.1 mg/l of picloram and 2 mg/l of zeatin for shoot induction. P. malacoides protoplasts formed visible colonies when cultured in disc culture using 0.1% (w/v) gellan gum-solidified MS medium containing 5 mg/l of 2,4-D, 1 mg/l of NAA, 0.1 mg/l of zeatin and 0.4 M glucose. Small calli were transferred to MS medium supplemented with 5 mg/l of zeatin for shoot regeneration. The shoots of both species readily rooted on plant growth regulator-free 1/2 MS medium and successfully acclimatized to greenhouse conditions. The protoplast-derived plants showed some alterations in morphological characteristics from those of the in-vitro-germinated control plants.     

樱草花叶病毒的分离与鉴定

樱草(Primula obconica),又称报春花,是早春季节人们喜爱的一种花卉。近年来,患病严重,病株的叶片呈现花叶、畸型、翻卷等症状,影响观赏。关于樱草花叶病毒在国内未见报道。本文简要报道樱草花叶病毒的分离与鉴定(以下简称PMV)。     

安徽羽叶报春和毛茛叶报春的微形态特征

在扫描电子显微镜和光学显微镜下,观察了安徽羽叶报春(Primula merrilliana Schltr.)与毛茛叶报春(Primula cicutariifolia Pax)的种子、花粉形态及表面纹饰与叶表皮形态结构.结果表明:2种类的种子都呈不规则七面体或多面体,多具五边形纹饰;安徽羽叶报春的种皮雕纹浅,网眼具许多小的乳头状突起;毛茛叶报春的种皮雕纹明显,网眼粗糙,具许多大的乳头状突起.2种类花粉均为球形,具散孔(孔数达10个以上),具网状雕纹.2种类的叶表皮细胞呈凹凸镶嵌状不规则排列,而在中脉处呈长方形或略带微波状长方形,上表皮细胞稍大;叶两面被腺毛,且顶端具水孔.气孔的分布属于偏叶下表面生长,在边缘处尤密,而在中脉处近无;相对而言,安徽羽叶报春的气孔略比毛茛叶报春的气孔小,且密度也低;电子显微镜下2种类的气孔外拱盖内缘光滑,保卫细胞外缘隆起明显,中间凹陷,其上着生的乳头状突起安徽羽叶报春不如毛茛叶报春明显.     

Primula subansirica G.D. Pal is not a Primula (Primulaceae), but rather belongs to Gesneriaceae

Examination of type specimens has shown that Primula subansirica G.D. Pal is a Gesneriad and conspecific with Beccarinda cordifolia (Anthony) B.L. Burtt (Gesneriaceae), thus a reduction is made and a new synonymy is proposed.