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1.
为了研究水分胁迫下山黧豆(Lathyrus sativus L.)叶片中多胺代谢与β-N-草酰-L-α,β-二氨基丙酸(ODAP)积累的相关关系,利用聚乙二醇(PEG)对山黧豆幼苗进行水分胁迫处理,同时加入腐胺(Put),α-二氟甲基精氨酸(DFMA)和Put+DFMA。实验结果表明,随PEG处理时间的延长,山黧豆幼苗叶片中Put、亚精胺(Spd)和精胺(Spm)含量逐渐增加,特别是Spm含量增加  相似文献   

2.
经渗透胁迫后,CO2倍增条件下小麦叶片的SOD、POX和CAT的活性均显著高于对照,上升或稳定时期较长;在渗透胁迫后期MDA含量和电解质泄露率增加较慢,显著低于对照;H2O2含量一直高于对照但进行PEG胁迫后增长较慢。CO2倍增条件下,小麦细胞出现DNA梯的时间较晚而且持续时间较长,DNA梯出现时抗氧化酶和H2O2处于相对稳定状态。结果表明在渗透胁迫下CO2倍增使小麦的抗氧化能力增强从而减轻了对细  相似文献   

3.
钙对水稻幼苗抗冷性的影响   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
CaCl2浸种提高水稻幼苗叶片中结合态钙、内源抗氧化剂(GSH、AsA)含量和膜保护酶(CAT、SOD和POD)活性,也增加可溶性蛋白质中煮沸稳定蛋白质(boiling-stableprotein)的含量。冷胁迫期间,CaCl2并能减少因冷胁迫引起的GSH、AsA含量,CAT、SOD和POD活性以及煮沸稳定蛋白质下降的程度。在恢复期间,经CaCl2处理的幼苗其GSH、ASA、CAT、SOD和POD以及煮沸稳定蛋白质水平均有回升。  相似文献   

4.
水杨酸在小麦幼苗渗透胁迫中的作用   总被引:30,自引:3,他引:27  
用含1.0mmol/L SA的不同渗透势PEG溶液漂浮处理小麦幼苗叶片,研究SA在水分逆境下脂质过氧化中的作用。结果表明,SA降低了叶片CAT活性,轻度渗透胁迫下SA对稳定膜结构和功能有一定作用。较严重的渗透胁迫加SA处理使叶片失水量、膜相对透性和MDA含量有所增加,H2O2和O2^-积累较快,但与不加SA处理比较,SOD和PPOD活性仍较高,脂质过氧化程度稍有加重。SA在诱导植物提高抗逆力中的作  相似文献   

5.
三唑酮对绿豆幼苗叶片衰老的延缓作用   总被引:26,自引:0,他引:26  
三唑酮处理可提高离体绿豆(PhaseolusradiatusL.)幼苗叶片叶绿素和蛋白质含量。叶片衰老过程中超氧物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(AsAPOD)活性及抗坏血酸(AsA)和还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量降低。20mg/L三唑酮可提高POD、AsAPOD活性和AsA、GSH含量,对SOD、CAT活性无影响。丙二醛(MDA)含量在叶片衰老过程中提高,并与POD、AsAPOD活性和AsA、GSH含量呈显著负相关,三唑酮可降低MDA含量。表明三唑酮有提高植物对膜脂过氧化作用的保护能力,延缓叶片的衰老作用。  相似文献   

6.
李玲 《植物生理学报》1998,24(4):405-412
两个品种玉米愈伤组织经0.5和5mmol/L的百草枯处理3h后,在渗透胁迫下处理24h电解质泄漏率增加;H2O2和MDA积累;AsA和CAR含量的减少加剧。0.5和5mmol/L的苯甲酸钠减轻渗透胁迫诱导的氧化伤害,促进CAT活性的增加;使SOD、GR、AP和POD能维持较高的活性;AsA和CAR含量降低的幅度减小。  相似文献   

7.
水分胁迫对龙眼幼苗叶片膜脂过氧化及内源保护体系的影响   总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15  
对龙眼(DimocarpuslonganaLour.)实生幼苗进行人工水分胁迫,检测其抗氧化酶和抗氧化剂的变化,研究了干旱对叶片膜脂过氧化及内源保护体系的影响,结果表明,在水分胁迫下,龙眼叶片RWC下降,电解质渗漏上升,RWC的下降和电解质渗漏的上升呈极显著负相关;叶片中SOD和POD活性及MDA含量明显上升,且与电解质渗漏的增加呈极显著正相关;叶片中可溶性蛋白质,GSH含量和AsA-POD活性显  相似文献   

8.
渗透胁迫下水稻幼苗中叶绿素降解的活性氧损伤作用   总被引:99,自引:0,他引:99  
水稻(Oryza sativa L.)幼苗在渗透胁迫下,随着胁迫强度的增加及时间的延长,Chl降解加剧,活性氧O-·2 、H2O2 及脂质过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)含量明显增加,抗氧化剂抗坏血酸(AsA)还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)及胡萝卜素(CAR)含量显著降低,叶绿素蛋白复合体(Chl-Pro)结合度松弛. Chl含量的降低和O-·2 、H2O2 及MDA 含量呈显著的负相关,与AsA、GSH及CAR含量的下降呈良好的正相关性.AsA、α-生育酚(VitE)及甘露醇预处理可使胁迫诱导的MDA 增多及Chl降解延缓,而Fe2+ 、H2O2 及Fenton 反应则刺激MDA 增加. Fenton 反应可加速Chl降解. 渗透胁迫下水稻幼苗Chl的降解可能主要是由O-·2 和H2O2 的代谢产物·OH氧化损伤之故  相似文献   

9.
种子引发提高小麦抗渗透胁迫能力的效应   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
种子经渗透势-0.8MPa或-1.2MPaPEG-6000处理后,抗旱性不同小麦(TriticumaestivumL.)“晋麦33”和“84G6”种子萌发率均有提高,种子电解质外渗率明显降低,种子萌发适应渗透胁迫能力提高,种子可溶蛋白质含量、PAL和POD活性显著增加,“晋麦33”种子CAT活性增加,两品种幼苗PAL、POD和CAT活性也均有提高,但“84G6”种子CAT活性下降。  相似文献   

10.
冷锻炼和ABA处理提高了水稻幼苗叶绿体SOD和GR活性及叶片抗氧化剂AsA和GSH的含量,降低了膜电解质泄漏,增强了幼苗的抗冷性.等电聚焦电泳分析表明,冷锻炼和ABA处理苗叶绿体SOD三条同工酶带和GR1、2、3和6同工酶带都有不同程度的增强.低温胁迫后,处理和未处理首的SOD、GR活性和ASA、GSH含量均有所下降.但处理苗的水平仍维持在未处理苗之上.亚胺环已酮可抑制因冷锻炼和ABA诱导增加的SOD和GR活性,并使叶片电解质泄漏增大.本试验结果表明冷锻炼或ABA诱导水稻幼苗抗冷性提高时,对防御活性氧的保护系统有类似的影响。  相似文献   

11.
Interrelationship among abscisic acid (ABA) content, accumulation of free polyamines and biosynthesis of beta-N-oxalyl-l-alpha,beta-diaminopropionic acid (ODAP) was studied in grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) seedlings under drought stress induced by 10% polyethylene glycol (PEG6000). Increase of ABA content occurred prior to that of ODAP and polyamine contents, and was found significantly positive correlation between ABA content and ODAP content. Addition of exogenous ABA increased ODAP content in leaves. On the other hand, pretreatment with alpha-difluoromethylarginine (DFMA), a polyamine biosynthesis inhibitor, significantly suppressed the accumulation of free putrescine (Put), free spermidine (Spd) and free spermine (Spm), which in turn inhibited biosynthesis of ODAP in well-watered leaves. Meanwhile, addition of exogenous Put alleviated DFMA-induced inhibition on the biosynthesis of Put and Spd, but did not affect the biosynthesis of Spm and ODAP in well-watered leaves. Same result was also achieved in drought-stressed leaves. Increasing accumulation of ODAP was significantly correlated with increasing Spm content (R=0.7957**) but not with that of Spd and Put. Therefore, it can be argued that ABA stimulated the biosynthesis of ODAP simultaneously with increasing the level of free Spm under drought stress condition.  相似文献   

12.
渗透胁迫对黑麦幼苗活性氧和抗氧化酶活性的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
用20%聚乙二醇(PEG 6000)研究了渗透胁迫对黑麦(Secale cereale L.)幼苗活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS)和主要抗氧化酶—— 超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(ascorbate peroxidase, APX)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(glutathione reductase, GR)活性的影响。结果表明, 与对照相比, PEG处理明显提高了叶子和根中丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)的含量、ROS的水平和以上4种抗氧化酶的活性。渗透胁迫下,叶子和根中MDA和ROS水平变化的规律基本相似, 但抗氧化酶活性在2种器官中表现不完全相同, 叶子中CAT的活性在对照和处理中无显著差异, 但在根中差异明显, 表明叶子中SOD、APX和GR在植物应答渗透胁迫中起重要作用, 而根中这4种抗氧化酶都参与植物对胁迫的反应。GR活性随PEG处理变化幅度显著高于其它抗氧化酶, 表明GR在黑麦应答渗透胁迫中所起作用可能强于其它抗氧化酶。  相似文献   

13.
外源γ-氨基丁酸对低氧胁迫下甜瓜幼苗活性氧代谢的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以甜瓜品种‘西域一号’幼苗为材料,采用营养液水培方法,设置正常通气(对照)、正常通气+GABA(5mmol.L-1)、低氧胁迫、低氧胁迫+GABA(5mmol.L-1)4个处理,研究了外源γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)对正常通气和低氧胁迫下甜瓜幼苗活性氧代谢的影响。结果表明:与正常通气处理相比,低氧胁迫处理导致甜瓜幼苗体内O2.-产生速率和H2O2、MDA含量显著增加,同时SOD、POD、CAT、APX、GR等抗氧化酶活性和抗氧化物质AsA、GSH含量显著提高。低氧胁迫下外源GABA能显著提高甜瓜幼苗叶片SOD、CAT、APX、GR等酶活性和AsA、GSH含量,降低了植株体内O2.-产生速率和H2O2、MDA含量;而正常通气条件下添加外源GABA处理对甜瓜幼苗活性氧代谢的影响较小,仅CAT、GR活性和AsA、GSH含量显著提高,而H2O2、MDA含量显著降低。结果证明,添加外源GABA可以通过显著提高低氧胁迫下抗氧化酶活性和抗氧化物质含量来降低甜瓜幼苗活性氧积累,维持其细胞膜结构稳定性,从而有效减轻低氧胁迫对甜瓜幼苗的伤害。  相似文献   

14.
The effects of foliar spraying with spermidine (Spd), ranging in concentration from 0.25 to 0.50 mmol/L, on the antioxidant system under Cd^2 stress (range 0.1- 0.2 mmol/L Cd^2 ) in Typha latifolia L. grown hydroponically were investigated in order to offer a referenced evidence for an understanding of the mechanism by which polyamines (PAs) relieve the damage to plants by heavy metal and improve the phytoremediation efficiency of heavy metal-contaminated water. The results showed that Cd^2 stress induced oxidative injury, as evidenced by an increase in the generation of superoxide anion (O2), as well as the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in both leaves and caudices. With the exception of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the leaves, an increase in the activities of catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), and glutathione reductase (GR) was observed in both leaves and caudices, SOD activity was increased in caudices, and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity was increased in leaves following Cd^2 treatment. The reduced glutathione (GSH) content in both leaves and caudices and the reductive ascorbate content in leaves was obviously increased, which were prompted by the application of exogenous Spd. Spraying with Spd increased the activity of GR and APX in both leaves and caudices, whereas the activity of SOD, CAT, and GPX was increased only in caudices following spraying with Spd. The generation of O2 and the H2O2 and MDA content in both leaves and caudices decreased after spraying with Spd. The decrease in MDA was more obvious following the application of 0.25 than 0.50 mmol/L Spd. It is supposed that exogenous Spd elevated the tolerance of T. latifolia under Cd^2 stress primarily by increasing GR activity and the GSH level.  相似文献   

15.
The effects of foliar spraying with spermidine (Spd), ranging in concentration from 0.25 to 0.50mmol/L, on the antioxidant system under Cd2 stress (range 0.1- 0.2 mmol/L Cd2 ) in Typha latifolia L.grown hydroponically were investigated in order to offer a referenced evidence for an understanding of the mechanism by which polyamines (PAs) relieve the damage to plants by heavy metal and improve the phytoremediation efficiency of heavy metal-contaminated water. The results showed that Cd2 stress inhydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in both leaves and caudices. With theexception of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the leaves, an increase in the activities of catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), and glutathione reductase (GR) was observed in both leaves and caudices,SOD activity was increased in caudices, and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity was increased in leaves following Cd2 treatment. The reduced glutathione (GSH) content in both leaves and caudices and the reductive ascorbate content in leaves was obviously increased, which were prompted by the application of exogenous Spd. Spraying with Spd increased the activity of GR and APX in both leaves and caudices,whereas the activity of SOD, CAT, and GPX was increased only in caudices following spraying with Spd.with Spd. The decrease in MDA was more obvious following the application of 0.25 than 0.50 mmol/L Spd.It is supposed that exogenous Spd elevated the tolerance of T. latifolia under Cd2 stress primarily by increasing GR activity and the GSH level.  相似文献   

16.
经渗透胁迫后 ,CO2 倍增条件下小麦叶片的SOD、POX和CAT的活性均显著高于对照 ,上升或稳定时期较长 ;在渗透胁迫后期MDA含量和电解质泄露率增加较慢 ,显著低于对照 ;H2 O2 含量一直高于对照但进行PEG胁迫后增长较慢。CO2 倍增条件下 ,小麦细胞出现DNA梯的时间较晚而且持续的时间较长 ,DNA梯出现时抗氧化酶和H2 O2 处于相对稳定状态。结果表明在渗透胁迫下CO2 倍增使小麦的抗氧化能力增强从而减轻了对细胞膜和DNA的损伤 ,并且干旱条件下小麦的细胞程序性死亡可能是由于细胞内氧化过强所致  相似文献   

17.
Roles of abscisic acid (ABA) in water stress-induced oxidative stress were investigated in leaves of maize ( Zea mays L.) seedlings exposed to water stress induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000). Treatment with PEG at -0.7 MPa for 12 and 24 h led to a reduction in leaf relative water content (RWC) by 7.8 and 14.1%, respectively. Duration of the osmotic treatments is considered as mild and moderate water stress. The mild water stress caused significant increases in the generation of superoxide radical ( O 2 - ) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) and the contents of ascorbate (ASC), reduced glutathione (GSH). The moderate water stress failed to further enhance the capacity of antioxidant defense systems, as compared to the mild water stress. The contents of catalytic Fe, which is critical for H 2 O 2 -dependent hydroxyl radical ( •OH) production, and the oxidized forms of ascorbate and glutathione pools, dehydroascorbate (DHA) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG), markedly increased, a significant oxidative damage to lipids and proteins took place under the moderate water stress. Pretreatment with ABA caused an obvious reduction in the content of catalytic Fe and significant increases in the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the contents of non-enzymatic antioxidants, and then significantly reduced the contents of DHA and GSSG and the degrees of oxidative damage in leaves exposed to the moderate water stress. Pretreatment with an ABA biosynthesis inhibitor, tungstate, significantly suppressed the accumulation of ABA induced by water stress, reduced the enhancement in the capacity of antioxidant defense systems, and resulted in an increase in catalytic Fe, DHA and GSSG, and oxidative damage in the water-stressed leaves. These effects were completely prevented by addition of ABA, which raised the internal ABA content. Our data indicate that ABA plays an important role in water stress-induced antioxidant defense against oxidative stress.  相似文献   

18.
Lathyrus sativus seeds were treated with 60Co gamma-ray and EMS(ethyl methane sulfonate), and their emergence rate and SOD, POD and CAT activities were determined. The result indicated that the treatment decreased the emergence rate. The activities of SOD and POD were changed in accordance with the increase of irradiation dose and EMS concentration, while that of CAT had no obvious change. After treatment, the ODAP content in Lathyrus sativus decreased. Amutant was developed, with toxin content of 0.1%, compared to 0.2% in control.  相似文献   

19.
1 引  言山黧豆抗寒、抗旱、耐贫瘠 ,尤其适于干旱、半干旱地区种植 .但山黧豆中含有的毒素 β ODAP会导致下肢瘫痪 .由于这个原因限制了山黧豆的大面积栽培 .我们采用 60 Coγ射线和EMS单因子、复因子诱变的方法选育丰产、低毒、无毒山黧豆新品系 .近年来对生物辐射敏感性的研究表明 ,其抗性除与本身DNA损伤修复能力有关外 ,还与体内所含防护物质有关 ,SOD、POD、CAT即是重要的保护物质 .关于抗氧化酶活性与辐射剂量、诱变剂浓度关系的研究很少 ,因此本实验对山黧豆成苗率、抗氧化酶活性、和 β ODAP含量进行…  相似文献   

20.
王红霞  胡金朝  施国新  杨海燕  李阳  赵娟  许晔 《生态学报》2010,30(10):2784-2792
采用营养液水培的方法,研究了外源亚精胺(Spd)和精胺(Spm)对Cu胁迫下水鳖叶片3种形态多胺(PAs)、抗氧化系统及营养元素的影响。结果表明:(1)Cu胁迫使水鳖叶片腐胺(Put)急剧积累,Spd和Spm明显下降,从而使(Spd+Spm)/Put比值也随之下降。外源Spd和Spm显著或极显著逆转Cu诱导的PAs变化,抑制Put的积累,缓解Spd和Spm的下降,从而提高了(Spd+Spm)/Put比值。(2)外源Spd和Spm抑制了Cu胁迫诱导的多胺氧化酶(PAO)的增加,缓解了二胺氧化酶(DAO)的下降。(3)与单一Cu胁迫相比,Spd和Spm显著或极显著提高了超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性和抗坏血酸(AsA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、游离脯氨酸(Pro)含量,从而降低了超氧阴离子(O2.-)产生速率和过氧化氢(H2O2)含量,极显著降低了丙二醛(MDA)含量,缓解了Cu诱导的氧化胁迫。(4)外源Spd和Spm显著或极显著缓解了Cu胁迫下矿质营养元素吸收平衡的紊乱。以上结果均说明了外施Spd和Spm可增加水鳖对Cu胁迫的耐受性。  相似文献   

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