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1.
基因多态性与药物的效能   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
长期以来,人们就认识到不同的个体对同一种药物的反应存在着差异,这直接影响着药物的疗效和不良反应。本文从药物代谢基因、药物受体相关基因、药物转运基因和疾病通路基因等方面论述了基因多态性与药物效能的关系。有关这方面的研究,为开发安全、有效的药物,指导临床个性化合理用药,减少毒、副作用,提供了新的思路。  相似文献   

2.
高血压是导致肾脏疾病发生发展的重要因素之一,它是一种多因素、复杂的、多基因疾病,是多种危险基因与环境因素相互作用的结果.本研究旨在探讨ACE-1基因多态性作为高血压患者CKD的危险因素.本研究对300例患者进行研究,其中将210例无CKD高血压患者作为对照组.此外,还记录了患者基本信息,包括年龄、性别、身体质量指数(B...  相似文献   

3.
EH是一类由多基因和环境因素共同影响导致的复杂遗传性疾病,遗传因素对血压变化的影响占30%-50%.自1992年JeuneMaitre等首次报道血管紧张素原(angiotensinogen,AGT)基因多态性与EH相关,开创了EH基因多态性关联研究的先列.在众多的EH候选基因中,围绕肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统、交感神经系统、下丘脑-垂体轴、内皮素、利钠肽、激肽释放酶-激肽系统等至少150种EH候选基因进行了广泛研究[1].在众多候选基因中内皮型一氧化氮合酶(endothelial nitric oxide synthase,eNOS)基因由于对血压调节的重要作用而倍受重视.现就eNOS基因多态性与EH的相关性做一综述.  相似文献   

4.
药物相关转运蛋白基因多态性的研究进展   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
Li D  Zhang GL 《生理科学进展》2005,36(3):245-248
药物相关转运蛋白不但与肿瘤多药耐药现象密切相关,而且在人体内广泛参与药物的吸收、分布、代谢和排泄等过程。其编码基因的单核苷酸多态性(singlenucleotidepolymorphism,SNP)位点变异可能与药物转运蛋白的表达、转运功能密切相关,决定了临床常见的个体/群体药物反应差异性。本文主要介绍了近年来有关药物相关转运蛋白SNP位点基因多态性,以及与临床常见表型相关性的研究。  相似文献   

5.
高血压是一种遗传因素和环境因素相互作用所致的疾病,但高血压的病因尚不明确。已有的研究结果表明,高血压患者或潜在患者常有一种以上与血压调节相关的基因异常。目前,已有多个与高血压相关的基因位点被深入广泛研究。本文旨在就基因多态性与高血压相关性的研究进展进行综述。  相似文献   

6.
融合蛋白技术应用于生物制药行业已超过25年,其目的为改善原来天然蛋白的性质,从而具有新的理化特征和生物学功能,其中最为显著的特点是改善了小分子蛋白及多肽半衰期短的缺陷。基于该技术所诞生的融合蛋白类药物已成为当前生物药研发的热点。结合已上市融合蛋白类药物,通过与传统多肽蛋白类药物比较,重点突出融合蛋白类药物自身特点,主要从融合抗体Fc段和人血清白蛋白以延长小分子蛋白及多肽半衰期的角度对融合蛋白药物长效化策略进行评述;对融合蛋白类药物在体内的吸收、分布、代谢和排泄的显著特征进行概述;综述该类药物在体内的分析技术并指出当前分析技术的优缺点及发展方向,为长效化融合蛋白药物的设计、分析研究与开发提供依据和思路。  相似文献   

7.
本工作观察了原发性高血压患者 (EHS) 红细胞抗高血压因子(AHF)对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)和肾性高血压大鼠(RHR)及正常血压的 wistar Kyoto(WKY)大鼠和 wistar 大鼠的收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)的影响。结果如下:(1)从腹腔一次注入 AHF(1.6mg/kg体重),可明显降低 SHR 和 RHR 的 SBP。给 AHF10min 后,SHR 的 SBP 平均降低34.0 mmHg,至3h 恢复;RHR 在注射 AHF 后24h,SBP 平均降低92.5mmHg,且持续时间较长,至第九天仍维持在低水平。(2)从股静脉一次推注 AHF(0.8 mg/kg体重)后,SHR 和 RHR的 SBP 和 DBP 均有显著性降低,且对 RHR 作用时间较 SHR 长,对 DBP 作用时间较 SBP长。给 AHF 后12 min,SHR 的 SBP 和 DBP 分别降低42.8和48.2 mmHg;RHR 在给AHF 后25 min,SBP 和 DBP 分别降低38.3和42.5 mmHg;AHF 后5min,wistar大鼠 DBP 由96.7±12.9mmHg 降到 83.3±11.7 mmHg(P<0.05),而 SBP 无明显变化。AHF 的降压作用具有剂量依赖性。(3)AHF 可拮抗去甲肾上腺素对 Wistar 大鼠的升压作用。  相似文献   

8.
目的:探讨内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)基因894G/T多态性与原发性高血压(EH)合并脑梗塞(CI)的关系。方法:应用聚合酶链反应限制性片段长度多态性方法检测湖北地区汉族74例健康者(NT组)、103例原发性高血压无合并症者(EH组)及70例原发性高血压合并脑梗塞者(EH-CI组)的eNOS基因型;生化技术测定其血脂、一氧化氮代谢物(NOM)水平。结果:EH组及EH-CI组患者的T等位基因频率分别为0.224和0.321,均显著高于NT组(P<0.05);且两者之间的T等位基因频率差异显著性(P<0.05);EH-CI组中,GT+TT基因型者的舒张压显著高于GG基因型者(P<0.05),而NOM显著低于GG基因型者。结论:eNOS基因894位G/T多态性可能与汉族高血压病患者伴脑梗塞有关,该位点多态性可能使T等位基因携带者NOM减少,进而参与EH-CI发病。  相似文献   

9.
应用激光共聚焦显微镜和全细胞膜片钳技术研究了微丝骨架解聚剂细胞松弛素B(CB)和稳定剂鬼笔环肽(PD)对梨花粉管细胞内钙离子浓度动态变化和尖端质膜上钙离子通道的影响。结果显示:CB处理能促进花粉管内胞质钙离子[Ca2+]i浓度增加,同时还能激活质膜上的钙离子通道;而PD处理对花粉管内[Ca2+]i浓度及钙离子通道几乎没有影响。研究表明,微丝骨架的解聚激活了花粉管质膜上的钙离子通道,使得胞外钙离子大量流入,胞内钙离子浓度升高,从而抑制花粉管生长。  相似文献   

10.
分析大规模日本人群的G蛋白β亚单位基因(GNB3,C825T-Gprotein β3 subunit C825T)多态性与原发性高血压病(essential hypertension,EH)的关系。采集日本同一个地区健康体检人群为研究对象,共4,830例,其中高血压组(HT:2,092例),正常血压组(NT:2,738例)。对体检对象做:体重指数(BMI)、吸烟,饮酒等环境因素和血浆胆固醇、甘油三酯等血液生化指标的测量。并用Taqman—PCR化学分析方法对GNB3基因的C825T多态性进行分型检测。GNB3基因的C825T多态性符合Hardy—Weinberg平衡遗传规律。在HT与NT之间,CC、CT、TT遗传表型的频率为NT:24.8%,47.8%和27.4%;HT:22.9%,51.7%和25.4%。C等位基因频率分别为NT:48.72%及HT:48.78%;C825T基因型在HT及NT组之间有显著性差异,基因型频率CC/CT+TT:P=0.027;OR:1.169;CI95%:1.019~1.341;等位基因频率在两组之间也有统计学差异。C,T:P=0.001;OR:1.154;CI95%:1.064—1.252。CT+TT基因型携带者发生EH病的危险性为CC基因型携带者的1.169倍(OR)。GNB3基因的C825T的T等位基因EH发病危险是C的1.154倍。GNB3的C825T基因多态性可能是日本人群EH的一个候选基因。  相似文献   

11.
To obtain an optimized T-type calcium channel blocker with reduced off-target hERG toxicity, we modified the structure of the original compound by introducing a zwitterion and reducing the basicity of the nitrogen. Among the structurally modified compounds we designed, compounds 5 and 6, which incorporate amides in place of the original compound’s amines, most appreciably alleviated hERG toxicity while maintaining T-type calcium channel blocking activity. Notably, the benzimidazole amide 5 selectively blocked T-type calcium channels without inhibiting hERG (hERG/T-type  220) and L-type channels (L-type/T-type = 96), and exhibited an excellent pharmacokinetic profile in rats.  相似文献   

12.
维拉帕米拮抗内皮素所引起的心肌损伤   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
唐朝枢  苏静怡 《生理学报》1990,42(4):374-378
本实验用10~(-8)mol/L 内皮素灌流离体大鼠心脏,导致平均灌流压,心室内压急剧升高,±LV dP/dt_(max)值显著降低,心肌蛋白漏出和脂质过氧化物形成,心肌钙含量显著增加等严重心脏功能和组织损伤。钙通道阻滞剂维拉帕米,无论与内皮素同时灌流或在内皮素灌流以后应用,都能有效地拮抗内皮素的心脏损伤作用。  相似文献   

13.
钙离子拮抗剂是一类广泛应用于心血管疾病以及其它多种疾病的药物。本文综述了来源于天然产物的钙离子拮抗剂。  相似文献   

14.
doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2011.00603.x
Prevalence of gingival overgrowth among elderly patients under amlodipine therapy at a large Indian teaching hospital Objectives: To determine the prevalence of amlodipine‐induced gingival overgrowth (GO) among elderly subjects attending an Indian teaching hospital and find any association with demographic factors, drug variables, oral hygiene status and gingival inflammation. Methods: A cross‐sectional pilot study included 157 dentate patients aged 60 years or more, taking Amlodipine for at least 3 months. Data were collected from past medical records and oral examination. Clinical assessment of GO was correlated with patient’s age, gender, drug dosage (2.5, 5 or 10 mg/day), duration of drug therapy (3–4, 4–6, 6–12, 12–24 and >24 months) and also with subjects’ plaque index and gingival index scores. Results: Eight patients (5.09%) had GO. No statistically significant relation was observed between age (p = 0.79), gender (p = 0.56), drug dosage (p = 0.25) and duration of drug intake (p = 0.62) and prevalence of GO. GO prevalence related highly significantly (p < 0.001) with plaque and gingival index scores. Conclusions: Prevalence of amlodipine‐associated GO in the sample of elderly Indian patients was noted higher than that previously reported. Plaque and gingival inflammation were highly correlated with this condition, while demographic characteristics and drug dosage did not relate significantly.  相似文献   

15.
N型钙通道与疼痛   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
N型电压依赖性钙通道(VDCCs)在疼痛的传递与调控中具有重要作用。它们密集分布于脊髓背角伤害感受性神经元突触前末梢,参与主要疼痛介质如谷氨酸和P物质等释放的调节。通过阻断上述通道,选择性N型VDCCs阻断剂表现出强效镇痛作用,N型VDCCs Cav2.2亚基基因敲除小鼠也表现为痛阈提高。N型VDCCs还分布于自主神经系统和中枢神经系统突触部位,现有的N型VDCCs阻断剂用于疼痛治疗时出现的各种副作用与这些部位的突触抑制有关。最近发现,背根节伤害感受性神经元上存在一种特异的N型VDCCs亚型,这为疼痛治疗提供了一个非常有意义的新靶标。  相似文献   

16.
  总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The effect of the calcium channel blocker (KB-2796) on metabolic and functional recovery in rabbit spinal cord after 20, 30, and 40 min ischemia and 4 days of recovery was investigated. The drug was given intraperitoneally in three different doses, 10, 20, or 50 mg/kg pre-or post-ischemia of 20, 30, or 40 min duration. Both higher doses 20 and 30 mg/kg completely recovered energy state and significantly improved neurological functions in the spinal cord following 20 and 30 min ischemia. Partial protection was observed even after 40 min ischemia. The protective effect of KB-2796 exceeds the effect of calcium blockers previously used in experimental spinal cord ischemia.  相似文献   

17.
18.
Cucumisin [EC 3.4.21.25] was coupled to cyanogen bromide-activated Sephayose 4B. The specific activity of the immobilized cucumisin was 41% of that of the soluble cucumisin toward casein. The immobilized enzyme was more stable against alkaline inactivation or heat than the soluble enzyme. In using affinity chromatography on a column of the immobilized cucumisin-Sepharose, cucumisin inhibitor was not obtained from potent sources of proteinase inhibitors, such as pig kidney and liver, avian and turtle egg-whites, or soybeans.  相似文献   

19.
In order to further clarify the role of T-type Ca2+ channels in cell proliferation, we have measured the growth inhibition of human cancer cells by using our potent T-type Ca2+ channel blockers. As a result, KYS05090, a most potent T-type Ca2+ channel blocker, was found to be as potent as doxorubicin against some human cancer cells without acute toxicity. Therefore, this letter provides the biological results that T-type calcium channel is important in regulating the important cellular phenotype transition leading to cell proliferation, and thus novel T-type Ca2+ channel blocker presents new prospects for cancer treatment.  相似文献   

20.
    
Vasomotion describes oscillations of arterial vascular tone due to synchronized changes of intracellular calcium concentrations. Since increased calcium influx into vascular smooth muscle cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) has been associated with variances of transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels, in the present study we tested the hypothesis that increased vasomotion in hypertension is directly linked to increased TRPC expression. Using a small vessel myograph we observed significantly increased norepinephrine‐induced vasomotion in mesenteric arterioles from SHR compared to normotensive Wistar–Kyoto (WKY) rats. Using immunoblottings we obtained significantly increased expression of TRPC1, TRPC3 and TRPC5 in mesenteric arterioles from SHR compared to WKY, whereas TRPC4 and TRPC6 showed no differences. Norepinephrine‐induced vasomotion from SHR was significantly reduced in the presence of verapamil, SKF96365, 2‐aminoethoxydiphenylborane (2‐APB) or gadolinium. Pre‐incubation of mesenteric arterioles with anti‐TRPC1 and anti‐TRPC3 antibodies significantly reduced norepinephrine‐induced vasomotion and calcium influx. Control experiments with pre‐incubation of TRPC antibodies plus their respective antigenic peptide or in the presence of anti‐β‐actin antibodies or random immunoglobulins not related to TRPC channels showed no inhibitory effects of norepinephrine‐induced vasomotion and calcium influx. Administration of candesartan or telmisartan, but not amlodipine to SHR for 16 weeks significantly reduced either the expression of TRPC1, TRPC3 and TRPC5 as well as norepinephrine‐induced vasomotion in mesenteric arterioles. In conclusion we gave experimental evidence that the increased TRPC1, TRPC3 and TRPC5 expression in mesenteric arterioles from SHR causes increased vasomotion in hypertension.  相似文献   

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