p75NTR-Fc融合蛋白在毕赤酵母中的表达、鉴定和活性分析

为在酵母细胞中表达出具有生物活性的p75NTR Fc融合蛋白 ,采用PCR方法分别扩增α因子 (α factor)和p75NTR Fc基因 ,经重叠PCR ,获得α factor p75NTR Fc基因 .DNA序列分析该融合基因后 ,插入pAO815载体并构建串联多拷贝表达载体pAO815 3α factor p75NTR Fc .重组质粒电转化酵母GS115细胞后摇瓶培养 ,1%甲醇诱导表达的融合蛋白经ProteinA亲和层析和SephadexG 10 0纯化 ,Western印迹、N末端测序进行蛋白质鉴定 ,ELISA及细胞培养进行生物活性分析 .SDS PAGE分析显示 ,表达产物以可溶性分子形式存在于培养上清中 ,诱导第 4d的表达量最高 ,占上清总蛋白 6 0 %以上 ,ProteinA纯化后有 2条蛋白带 ,免疫印迹分析这 2条蛋白带均能和抗p75及抗IgG抗体结合 ,N末端序列测定证实 1条为完整p75NTR Fc ,1条为其蛋白酶降解带 .ELISA等分析表明 ,p75NTR Fc能与NGF结合 ,p75NTR Fc能抑制NGF对PC12细胞的分化作用 .     

人GLP -1- IgG Fc融合蛋白在毕赤酵母中的高效表达

目的:构建GLP-1-IgG Fc融合蛋白分子并在毕赤酵母中实现高效表达.方法:使用蛋白质工程技术改造GLP -1,去除其蛋白酶降解位点,然后利用重叠延伸PCR方法得到改造后的GLP -1与人IgG-Fc片断的嵌合体基因并将其插入pPIC9K载体中.以重组载体转化巴斯德毕赤酵母菌中进行表达.采用SDS-PAGE和Western Blot方法检测重组蛋白的表达.结果:成功的构建了GLP -1-IgG Fc嵌合体基因并使其在重组毕赤酵母中高效分泌表达.在25℃条件下,摇瓶培养添加0.5％甲醇诱导72h后融合蛋白的表达量最大,为5mg/L.SDS-PAGE和Westem-Blot结果表明表达产物为GLP -1-IgG Fc融合蛋白.结论:获得了高效表达GLP -1-IgG Fc融合蛋白的毕赤酵母菌株,为GLP -1-IgG Fc的活性和半衰期测定及下一步的开发奠定了基础,并为在毕赤酵母菌中表达其他Fc融合蛋白和抗体提供了参考.     

猪FcγRⅢ的原核表达及多克隆抗体的制备

目的:构建猪FcγRIII基因的原核表达载体,诱导表达重组蛋白,制备鼠抗猪FcγRIII抗血清。方法:从质粒pTG19-T-FcγRIII中用PCR方法克隆到编码完整猪FcγRIII蛋白分子的基因片段,将其插入到原核表达载体pET-32a中,构建了猪FcγRIII原核表达载体pET-FcγRIII,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导蛋白表达,经尿素洗涤纯化后,以纯化后的融合蛋白FcγRIII-His为抗原免疫小鼠,获得抗血清。Western blotting、ELISA法鉴定获得的抗血清,ELISA结果显示抗体效价为1∶16000,具有高度特异性,免疫印迹结果显示制备的多抗可以与重组猪FcγRIII蛋白特异性结合。结果:成功构建猪FcγRIII原核表达载体,纯化到融合蛋白FcγRIII-His,用纯化的融合蛋白免疫小鼠制备了多克隆抗体,Western blotting、ELISA法证实多克隆抗体制备成功。结论:成功获得了猪FcγRIII多克隆抗体,为进一步研究猪FcγRIII蛋白的功能奠定了基础。     

炭疽毒素受体与人IgG1的Fc段融合蛋白ATR_Fc在CHO细胞中的表达

ATR-Fc是人炭疽毒素受体（ATR）的胞外区与人免疫球蛋白IgG1的铰链区、CH2区和CH3区组成的融合蛋白。表达该蛋白是为了获得结合PA的抗体样分子,通过阻断PA与细胞受体的结合,而阻止炭疽致死毒素和水肿因子进入细胞内,可作为预防和治疗炭疽感染的生物制品。将编码炭疽毒素受体N端1-227氨基酸的基因和编码Fc段的基因连接,插入到pcDNA3-1的HindⅢ和NotⅠ位点得到表达ATR-Fc融合蛋白的真核表达载体pcDNA31/ATR9Fc,并用脂质体方法将该载体转染至CHO-K1细胞中,用G418筛选并获得ATR-Fc表达水平为10～15μg/(106cells·d)的基因工程CHO细胞系ATR-Fc-1D5。采用蛋白A纯化重组蛋白,并用ELISA法鉴定ATR-Fc与PA的亲和性,表明ATR-Fc可与PA特异性结合。     

计算机辅助设计可溶性BLyS受体, eBCMA-Fc 融合蛋白及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

B 细胞成熟抗原 (BCMA)是 B淋巴细胞刺激因子(BLyS)的受体之一．它的胞外区与人IgG1 Fc的融合蛋白eBCMA-Fc,又称为诱饵受体,具有拮抗BLyS的活性．为了设计新的拮抗肽,基于BCMA和Fc的晶体结构,通过计算机图形学技术、分子模拟方法,建立了eBCMA-Fc融合蛋白的三维理论结构．利用均方根位移（root mean square distance, RMSD）对eBCMA-Fc融合蛋白与单体eBCMA、Fc构象差异进行分析．融合蛋白eBCMA-Fc中的eBCMA段与单体eBCMA的主链碳原子间RMSD值为0.036 nm,Fc段与单体Fc的主链碳原子间RMSD值为0.064 nm．结果表明,对比单体,融合蛋白eBCMA-Fc并未因eBCMA与Fc直接连接而发生构象的变化．分子对接方法显示,融合蛋白eBCMA-Fc中的BCMA与BLyS作用,而Fc扮演着稳定BCMA构象的支架作用．为进一步验证上述理论分析,构建eBCMA-Fc融合基因,并将载有eBCMA-Fc融合基因的原核表达质粒转化BL21 (DE3)菌、在细菌中表达．目的蛋白经蛋白A亲和柱纯化大约为36 kD,与理论预测值34 kD相近．免疫印迹表明抗人IgG抗体能够识别eBCMA-Fc融合蛋白．ELISA证实,eBCMA-Fc融合蛋白能够结合BLyS．随着eBCMA-Fc融合蛋白增加,结合BLyS的融合蛋白也相应增加．而对照人IgG,即使在高浓度条件下,也不结合BLyS．此外,eBCMA-Fc 融合蛋白能够抑制BLyS对B细胞肿瘤Daudi细胞的作用．这些研究为下一步设计和筛选BLyS拮抗肽提供了实验基础．     

CMG2-Fc 融合蛋白突变体筛选及中和炭疽毒素活性分析

目的:筛选能有效中和炭疽毒素和抵抗炭疽毒素损伤细胞的CMG2-Fc(炭疽毒素受体II-人免疫球蛋白Fc段融合蛋白)突变体。方法:运用FoldX等计算软件分析CMG2与PA晶体学结构,设计能提高CMG2-PA亲和力的突变体分子,并与人IgG1Fc片段构成融合基因,转染CHO-S细胞并通过亲和层析获得CMG2-Fc突变体蛋白,通过亲和力检测和细胞保护实验分析各突变体中和炭疽毒素能力。结果:筛选并表达了8个CMG2-Fc突变体分子,亲和力实验显示其中E117Q突变可明显提高CMG2-Fc与PA的亲和力(KD=1.35×10-11 mol/L),细胞保护实验提示E117Q突变能有效提高CMG2-Fc中和炭疽毒素能力(CMG2-Fc(E117Q)的IC50为15 ng/μL,而wt CMG2-Fc的IC50为50ng/μL)。结论:CMG2-Fc(E117Q)突变体分子可作为拮抗炭疽毒素损伤的炭疽治疗药物分子,进行进一步研究。     

人IL35-IgG4(Fc)融合蛋白在CHO/DG44细胞中的稳定表达

本研究利用基因重组技术构建人IL35-IgG4(Fc)融合基因真核表达载体, 稳定转染CHO/DG44细胞并检测重组蛋白的表达。主要采用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)从脂多糖(Lipopolysaccharides, LPS)诱导的人髓性白血病细胞株KG-I cDNA文库中克隆EBI3和IL-12p35 cDNA, 重叠PCR法连接2个片段, 并克隆到IgG4(Fc)- pOptiVEC?-TOPO?载体上,对新构建的IL-35-IgG4 (Fc) pOptiVEC?-TOPO?真核表达载体并进行酶切、测序、PCR鉴定; 脂质体法转染CHO/DG44细胞; RT-PCR检测转染结果, 采用a-MEM-培养基筛选实验组细胞, 对筛选的阳性克隆细胞再进行氨甲喋呤(Methotrexate, MTX)的加压筛选, ProteinG-Agarose纯化阳性克隆培养上清, 免疫印迹检测目的蛋白表达。结果显示IL-35-IgG4 (Fc) pOptiVEC?-TOPO?表达载体稳定转染CHO/DG44细胞并获得阳性克隆; SDS-PAGE电泳得到一条与预期相对分子质量大小相符的蛋白条带; 该蛋白能与羊抗人IgG4抗体特异结合。本实验获得了能够稳定表达具有稳定结构的IL35-IgG4(Fc)融合蛋白的CHO/DG44细胞株。     

BLyS受体TACI、BCMA与人IgG1 Fc融合蛋白在哺乳动物细胞中的表达与鉴定

从人肝脏和肾脏cDNA文库中扩增了人IgG1Fc与B淋巴细胞刺激因子 (BLyS)的受体TACI及BCMA的胞外编码区 ,构建了TACI Fc及BCMA Fc融合表达质粒pSec1 Fc TACI与 pSec1 Fc BCMA ,并使用电穿孔法转染COS 7细胞 ,从 1L无血清培养上清中可纯化得到分泌表达的TACI Fc与BCMA Fc融合蛋白约 2mg。为获得TACI Fc与BCMA Fc的稳定来源 ,构建了TACI Fc与BCMA Fc的CHO稳定表达细胞株。免疫沉淀和ELISA结果显示 ,TACI Fc及BCMA Fc能特异性地结合其配体BLyS而不与BLyS同家族的TNF结合。TACI Fc及BCMA Fc可阻断BLyS对体外培养的小鼠B淋巴细胞的促增殖作用     

抗人P185^erbB2的scFv—Fc融合蛋白的表达及免疫功能分析

为提高鼠源单抗用于体内治疗的效应功能及降低人抗鼠抗体反应 ,将编码抗人P185 erbB2 单抗轻、重链可变区 (VL、VH)融合构建的单链抗体 (scFv)基因片段与人IgG1的Fc区基因片段融合构建了scFv Fc融合基因 ,并将其克隆到哺乳动物细胞表达载体pCIDN中。用重组载体转染CHO细胞 ,通过G4 18筛选获得稳定高表达克隆。更换无血清培养基培养 ,经重组蛋白质A亲和层析柱纯化scFv Fc融合蛋白。融合蛋白质在还原SDS PAGE中表现为5 2kD的条带 ;与SK BR 3细胞裂解液共培育可特异性地沉淀出P185 erbB2 蛋白 ;FACS分析表明融合蛋白质识别P185 erbB2 蛋白的胞外段 ;ELISA测定融合蛋白质对细胞表面抗原P185 erbB2 的亲和常数为 7.5× 10 -10 (mol/L) -1。构建scFv Fc融合基因 ,将其克隆到表达载体 ,进一步稳定表达抗P185 erbB2 的scFv Fc融合蛋白 ,为进一步的体外、体内研究鼠源单抗治疗效果创造了条件。     

抗体Fc片段特异寡核苷酸配基介导的实时定量免疫PCR

目的:利用小鼠IgG抗体Fc片段高特异、高亲和寡核苷酸配基,构建实时定量免疫PCR检测方法,提高抗体检测的灵敏度。方法:用SELEX技术从随机寡核苷酸文库中筛选抗体Fc片段特异寡核苷酸配基,设计合成信标序列,通过不对称PCR法,制备IgG Fc片段的核酸信标配基分子;32P标记核酸信标配基,采用琼脂糖凝胶阻滞双显色法鉴定核酸信标配基与IgG Fc片段结合的亲和力和特异性;制备IgG Fc特异性寡核苷酸信标配基-抗体复合检测分子,构建小鼠IgG Fc片段特异核酸信标配基介导的实时定量免疫PCR检测方法。结果:制备了IgG Fc片段的核酸信标配基分子;凝胶阻滞放射自显影和考马斯亮蓝二次染色结果显示该核酸信标配基分子与IgG Fc片段具有高度亲和力和活性,而且只与非变性IgG结合,与变性IgG不结合;IgG Fc片段的特异核酸信标配基与IgG结合形成复合检测分子,有效完成了信号传递和实时定量PCR信号放大过程。结论:初步建立了一种全新的核酸信标配基介导的免疫PCR检测方法,可有效提高现有IgG类抗体免疫检测的灵敏度和特异性。     

Monomeric IgG1 Fc molecules displaying unique Fc receptor interactions that are exploitable to treat inflammation-mediated diseases

The IgG1 Fc is a dimeric protein that mediates important antibody effector functions by interacting with Fcγ receptors (FcγRs) and the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn). Here, we report the discovery of a monomeric IgG1 Fc (mFc) that bound to FcγRI with very high affinity, but not to FcγRIIIa, in contrast to wild-type (dimeric) Fc. The binding of mFc to FcRn was the same as that of dimeric Fc. To test whether the high-affinity binding to FcγRI can be used for targeting of toxins, a fusion protein of mFc with a 38 kDa Pseudomonas exotoxin A fragment (PE38), was generated. This fusion protein killed FcγRI-positive macrophage-like U937 cells but not FcγRI-negative cells, and mFc or PE38 alone had no killing activity. The lack of binding to FcγRIIIa resulted in the absence of Fc-mediated cytotoxicity of a scFv-mFc fusion protein targeting mesothelin. The pharmacokinetics of mFc in mice was very similar to that of dimeric Fc. The mFc's unique FcγRs binding pattern and related functionality, combined with its small size, monovalency and the preservation of FcRn binding which results in relatively long half-life in vivo, suggests that mFc has great potential as a component of therapeutics targeting inflammation mediated by activated macrophages overexpressing FcγRI and related diseases, including cancer.     

hsRAGE-IgG Fc融合蛋白的表达及其生物学活性

将编码人可溶性晚期糖基化终产物受体-免疫球蛋白G Fc段(hsRAGE-IgG Fc)融合蛋白的DNA片段克隆到大肠杆菌表达载体pET-20b中,构建重组表达质粒,转化大肠杆菌Rosetta(DE3)并表达。SDS-PAGE分析表明其表达形式为包涵体,相对分子质量约为66kDa,表达量占菌体总蛋白的38.4%。经复性后,获得纯度为96.6%的融合蛋白,得率约为29.5mg/L。经Western印迹法鉴定,该融合蛋白可与sRAGE抗体产生阳性反应。同时,hsRAGE-IgG Fc融合蛋白可以显著抑制晚期糖基化终产物(AGE)引起的ECV-304细胞NF-κB p65表达的上调,其活性与hsRAGE相似。     

Pharmacokinetic properties of IgG and various Fc fusion proteins in mice

Fusion to an IgG Fc region is an established strategy to extend the half-life of therapeutic proteins. Most Fc fusion proteins, however, do not achieve the long half-life of IgGs. Based on findings that scFv-Fc fusion proteins exhibit a shorter half-life than the corresponding IgG molecules, we performed a comparative study of different antibody-derived Fc fusion proteins. We could confirm that fusion of single-chain Fv (scFv) and single-chain diabody (scDb) molecules to an Fc region yields in fusion proteins with substantially extended half-lives compared with the single-chain versions. However, even fusion proteins with a size similar to that of IgG, e.g., scDb-Fc, did not have a half-life as long as an IgG molecule. Binding to the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) under acidic and neutral conditions was similar for IgG and all Fc fusion proteins. However, we observed differences between IgG and the Fc fusion proteins for dissociation of FcRn-bound proteins induced by shifting from acidic to neutral pH, reflecting the physiological release mechanism, further supporting a contribution of the kinetics of pH-dependent release from FcRn to the pharmacokinetic properties of IgG and Fc fusion proteins.     

人可溶性肿瘤坏死因子受体Ⅱ与IgG Fc融合蛋白在乳酸克鲁维酵母菌中的表达及产物分析

目的:在乳酸克鲁维酵母中表达人可溶性肿瘤坏死因子受体Ⅱ(sTNFRⅡ)与IgG Fc的融合蛋白。方法:首先获得sTNFRⅡ-IgGFc融合基因片段,然后构建至乳酸克鲁维酵母表达载体pKLAC1中,获得sTNFRⅡ-IgGFc的表达载体,并将其电转化乳酸克鲁维酵母(Δura3),通过ELISA方法筛选高表达sTNFRⅡ-IgGFc融合蛋白的重组乳酸克鲁维酵母菌株,采用还原和非还原SDS-PAGE分析融合蛋白是否形成二聚体结构,Western印迹验证sTNFRⅡ-IgGFc融合蛋白在乳酸克鲁维酵母(Δura3)中的表达。结果:构建了sTNFRⅡ-IgGFc表达载体pKLAC1-sTNFRⅡ-IgGFc,获得了表达sTNFRⅡ-IgGFc的乳酸克鲁维酵母菌株,SDS-PAGE和Western印迹表明该融合蛋白能自发形成类似于抗体的二聚体结构。结论:实现了sTNFRⅡ-IgGFc融合蛋白在乳酸克鲁维酵母(Δura3)中的表达。     

Construction of a novel synergistic system for production and recovery of secreted recombinant proteins by the cell surface engineering

We determined whether the cocultivation of yeast cells displaying a ZZ-domain and secreting an Fc fusion protein can be a novel tool for the recovery of secreted recombinant proteins. The ZZ-domain from Staphylococcus aureus protein A was displayed on the cell surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae under the control of the GAL1 promoter. Strain S. cerevisiae BY4742 cells displaying the ZZ-domain on their surface were used for cocultivation with cells that produce a target protein fused to the Fc fragment as an affinity tag. The enhanced green fluorescent protein or Rhizopus oryzae lipase was genetically fused to the N and C termini of the Fc fragment of human immunoglobulin G, respectively. Through analysis by fluorescence-activated cell sorting and enzymatic assay, it was demonstrated that these fusion proteins are successfully produced in the medium and recovered by affinity binding with the cell surface displaying the ZZ-domain. These results suggest that the ZZ-domain-displaying cell and Fc fusion protein-secreting cell can be applied to use in synergistic process of production and recovery of secreted recombinant proteins.     

Effect of Bcl‐xL overexpression on sialylation of Fc‐fusion protein in recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cell cultures

The sialic acid of glycoproteins secreted by recombinant Chinese hamster ovary (rCHO) cells can be impaired by sialidase under culture conditions which promote the extracellular accumulation of this enzyme. To investigate the effect of Bcl‐x_L overexpression on the sialylation of glycoproteins produced in rCHO cell culture, two rCHO cell lines producing the same Fc‐fusion protein, which were derived from DUKX‐B11 and DG44, respectively, were engineered to have regulated Bcl‐x_L overexpression using the Tet‐off system. For both cell lines, Bcl‐x_L overexpression improved cell viability and extended culture longevity in batch cultures. As a result, a maximum Fc‐fusion protein titer increased by Bcl‐x_L overexpression though the extent of titer enhancement differed between the two cell lines. With Bcl‐x_L overexpression, the sialylation of Fc‐fusion protein, which was assessed by isoelectric focusing gel and sialic acid content analyses, decreased more slowly toward the end of batch cultures. This was because Bcl‐x_L overexpression delayed the extracellular accumulation of sialidase activity by reducing cell lysis during batch cultures. Taken together, Bcl‐x_L overexpression in rCHO cell culture increased Fc‐fusion protein production and also reduced the impairment of sialylation of Fc‐fusion protein by maintaining high viability during batch cultures. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 31:1133–1136, 2015     

Rapid Fc glycosylation analysis of Fc fusions with IdeS and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry

We developed a rapid method to analyze Fc glycosylation of Fc fusion proteins, especially those with mutated Fc hinge regions. Fc fusion proteins were digested with IdeS, an IgG specific protease with exosites for substrate recognition and cleavage. The resultant fragments were directly analyzed through liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. The structures and relative quantities of Fc glycans were deduced from their masses and intensities. The separated substrate recognition and cleavage property of IdeS makes this method applicable to a broad range of Fc fusion proteins having either standard or non-canonical hinge regions.     

A hingeless Fc fusion system for site-specific cleavage by IdeS

Fusion of proteins to the Fc region of IgG is widely used to express cellular receptors and other extracellular proteins, but cleavage of the fusion partner is sometimes required for downstream applications. Immunoglobulin G-degrading enzyme of Streptococcus pyogenes (IdeS) is a protease with exquisite specificity for human IgG, and it can also cleave Fc-fusion proteins at a single site in the N-terminal region of the CH2 domain. However, the site of IdeS cleavage results in the disulfide-linked hinge region partitioning with the released protein, complicating downstream usage of the cleaved product. To tailor the Fc fragment for release of partner proteins by IdeS treatment, we investigated the effect of deleting regions of IgG-derived sequence that are upstream of the cleavage site. Elimination of the IgG-derived hinge sequence along with several residues of the CH2 domain had negligible effects on expression and purity of the fusion protein, while retaining efficient processing by IdeS. An optimal Fc fragment comprising residues 235–447 of the human IgG1 heavy chain sufficed for efficient production of fusion proteins and minimized the amount of residual Ig-derived sequence on the cleavage product following IdeS treatment. Pairing of this truncated Fc fragment with IdeS cleavage enables highly specific cleavage of Fc-fusion proteins, thus eliminating the need to engineer extraneous cleavage sequences. This system should be helpful for producing Fc-fusion proteins requiring downstream cleavage, particularly those that are sensitive to internal miscleavage if treated with alternative proteases.