大鼠子宫异位症模型建立方法的比较

目的将自体子宫内膜组织同时种植于大鼠体内三个不同部位,建立的子宫内膜异位症模型进行比较评估。方法取30只雌性未交配性成熟大鼠,将自体子宫内膜组织种植于左侧腹壁、子宫卵巢韧带和右侧皮下筋膜层与腹壁肌层间,术后第21天取出异位组织,进行组织形态学观察。结果异位内膜可以在大鼠不同部位同时生长,体积和重量均无显著性差异,其种植成功率差异不显著（93%-100%）,且种植物组织形态相似。结论此手术方法建立的大鼠子宫内膜异位症模型异位内膜病理改变与EMs患者类似,但皮下种植更简单,更直观,可减小损伤,便于反复实验及连续性观察研究。     

改良大鼠子宫内膜异位症模型的建立及微血管密度观察

目的对皮下筋膜层与腹壁肌层之间移植自体子宫内膜制作的子宫内膜异位症（endometriosis，EMs）模型进行评估。方法取10只雌性未交配性成熟大鼠，术前雌激素诱导，手术开腹取右侧子宫，将自体子宫内膜种植于双侧皮下筋膜层与腹壁肌层之间，术后第29天取出异位组织，进行组织形态学观察，免疫组织化学染色观察微血管密度（Microvessel density，MVD）。结果异位内膜在腹壁内生长，呈隆起囊状小包块，内有黏液，具有正常子宫内膜基本组织结构。异位内膜中微血管密度较在位内膜和正常子宫内膜高。结论此手术方法建立的大鼠子宫内膜异位症模型异位内膜病理改变与EMs患者类似，可以作为子宫内膜异位研究的动物模型。     

注射法小鼠皮下子宫内膜异位症模型及组织学观察

目的 建立ICR小鼠皮下子宫内膜异位症新的模型及组织学观察.方法 以同系小鼠作为供体,取子宫内膜分别采用皮下注射法和皮下植入法对2组共24只小鼠行皮下造模手术.3周后测量皮下种植结节大小,并处死半数造模成功小鼠,取子宫和异位结节行HE染色组织学研究.6周后,处死剩余小鼠,并再次测量皮下结节,取子宫和异位结节行HE染色组织学研究.结果 皮下植入法和皮下注射法成功率分别为33.33%和83.33%(P<0.01);生长良好的囊肿囊内壁有内膜上皮细胞生长,有与正位子宫内膜接近同步的发情周期改变;病灶随移植时间的推延先逐渐增大之后又有缩小趋势(P>0.05).结论 将ICR小鼠子宫内膜注射到同系小鼠腹部皮下形成子宫内膜异位病理模型,成功率高,且简单可行,异位内膜随动情周期有周期性改变,生理特性与正位子宫内膜基本相同,应用于子宫内膜异位症疾病和药物研究既经济又稳定可靠.     

子宫内膜异位症大鼠模型的建立及其病理学改变

目的构建子宫内膜异位症（内异症）大鼠动物模型，为阐明内异位症发病机理以及寻找有效的治疗方法提供理想的动物模型。方法取性成熟雌性Sprague-Dawley（SD）大鼠30只，通过手术将大鼠自体子宫组织移植到子宫旁韧带上，建立诱发型内异症大鼠动物模型。术后8周，再次剖腹观察异位组织的存活情况、病灶大小、与周围组织的粘连程度以及病理学变化。结果25只大鼠有明显的异位病灶。所有病灶都与周围组织有不同程度的粘连，病灶外观呈囊泡状。光镜观察见大部分异位子宫内膜形态和结构与在位子宫内膜基本相同，但内膜细胞、间质细胞、腺体，与在位内膜相比较少。少数病灶只有上皮组织或只有问质组织。结论自体子宫移植法可成功建立内异症大鼠模型。     

改良皮下种植法建立大鼠子宫内膜异位症模型

目的:采用改进的皮下种植法建立大鼠子宫内膜异位症的疾病模型,在保证成模的前提下,使皮下种植法建立大鼠子宫内膜异位症模型更加简单易操作,且成模效果更明显,术后易寻找病灶。方法:取性成熟期雌性SD大鼠10只,体重约250±5 g,术前五日连续给予苯甲酸雌二醇注射0.04 mg/每天,然后采用改良的皮下种植法建立大鼠子宫内膜异位症模型,既将大鼠自体双侧子宫切下,取其中一侧子宫种植至皮下血供较丰富处,术后第十日起连续五日给予苯甲酸雌二醇注射,于术后四周可观察腹部皮下病灶。结果:造模四周后见皮下种植的皮肤处有明显的圆形突起,切开皮肤可见种植的一侧子宫完整成活,与周围界限清晰,病灶明显易见,血运丰富。结论:实验结果证明此种方法较文献提供的皮下种植法更为简单易操作,省去了分离子宫内膜与肌层的步骤,且有病灶明显术后易寻找病灶的优点。     

中药异位康冲剂治疗子宫内膜异位症小鼠的研究

目的：探讨中药异位康冲剂对小鼠子宫内膜异位症的作用及可能机理。方法：通过对小鼠一般情况、血常规、肝肾功及各主要脏器的组织学观察,观察中药异位康冲剂急性和长期毒副作用。通过一般情况、阴道脱落细胞观察、激素检测、病理组织学检查及血液流变学的改变,了解中药异位康冲剂对小鼠子宫内膜异位症模型的药理作用。结果：急性和长期毒性实验表明,中药异位康冲剂无明显毒性反应。异位康冲剂能抑制大鼠子宫内膜异位模型,降低血清雌二醇水平（P〈0.01）。病理学观察显示异位子宫的内膜腺体及腺上皮明显萎缩,其作用与丹那唑相似。结论：中药异位康冲剂无明显毒副作用,可促进子宫内膜异位组织细胞凋亡、抑制子宫内膜异位组织增殖,为临床用药提供了实验依据。     

ER和PRmRNAs在内异症子宫内膜表达的变化

目的 :探讨雌激素受体 (ER)和孕激素受体 (PR)在子宫内膜异位症 (内异症 )子宫内膜的表达。方法 :利用大鼠内异症动物模型 ,采用逆转录聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)技术 ,检测子宫内膜ER和PRmRNAs的表达情况。结果 :内异症模型组大鼠异位内膜ER、PRmRNAs的表达低于在位内膜和对照组正常子宫内膜 ,与后两者比较差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1) ;而模型组在位内膜ER、PRmRNAs的表达与正常对照组比较差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。内异症模型组异位内膜ER/PRmRNA比值大于在位内膜和正常子宫内膜ER/PRmRNA比值 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :内异症大鼠异位内膜ERmRNA表达的相对增高在内异症的发生与发展中起着一定的作用。     

大鼠子宫内膜异位模型的建立与组织学观察

目的为开发诊治子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis,EMT)的新药研究提供理想的动物模型。方法取雌性未交配性成熟大鼠,术前雌激素诱导,麻醉开腹取部份右侧子宫,将内膜种植于左腹壁内,术后16周取出包块,进行组织形态学、组织化学观察。结果异位内膜在腹壁内生长,呈隆起囊状小包块,内有黏液,具有正常子宫内膜基本组织结构,囊腔较大。异位内膜中有糖原、RNA的存在。结论该手术方法建立的子宫异位内膜生长良好,术后一周就可摸及包块大小,为开发研究子宫内膜异位症的新药提供了方便。     

ERβ对子宫内膜异位症小鼠模型的影响

目的通过建立子宫内膜异位症小鼠模型探讨雌激素β受体对子宫内膜异位症的影响。方法利用雌激素β基因敲除小鼠建立自体子宫内膜异位模型;应用人不同的组织在SCID小鼠建立子宫内膜异位症模型后,注射雌激素β受体激动剂WAY-200070,观察其对异位病灶生长的影响。结果比较30只雌激素β受体基因敲除小鼠及22只同源未敲除小鼠异位病灶生长及组织细胞形态无明显差异（P〉0.05）;雌激素β受体激动剂WAY-200070对不同类型的SCID小鼠内异症病灶生长影响无明显差异（P〉0.1）。结论雌激素β受体对子宫内膜异位病灶的形成影响作用微弱。     

基质金属蛋白酶及其抑制剂mRNA在正常及异位子宫内膜中的表达

目的：观察正常及异位子宫内膜中基质金属蛋白酶－1,－2（MMP－1,－2）和基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂－1（TIMP－1）基因表达的变化,以探讨其与子宫内膜异位症的关系。方法：应用原位技术,采用地高辛生物素标记的cDNA探针（MMP－1,MMP－2,TIMP－1）对子宫内膜异位症患者（EM组）的子宫内膜（14例）、异位病灶组织（20例）及非子宫内膜异位症患者（对照组）的子宫内膜（12例）,分3批进行分子杂交检测,结果：3批结果相似。MMP－1,－2,TIMP－1mRNA在腺上皮细胞和间质细胞均有表达,EM组的子宫内膜MMP－1,－2及TIMP－1mRNA表达量与对照组无显著性差异（P＞0．05）,异位病灶组织的MMP－1,－2mRNA表达量明显高于对照组（P＜0．05）,而TIMP－1mRNA表达量则低于对照组（P＜0．05）。结论：子宫内膜异位症患者的异位病灶中,存在MMP－1,－2和TIMP－1明显的平衡失调,这可能与子宫内膜异位症的发生、发展和不孕有关。     

Effects of aluminum exposure on the allergic responses and humoral immune function in rats

This study was conducted to assess effects of aluminum (Al) exposure on allergic responsive reactions and humoral immune function in rats. Forty male Wistar rats (5 weeks old) weighed 110?C120 g were randomly allocated into four groups and were orally exposed to 0, 64.18, 128.36, and 256.72 mg/kg body weight aluminum trichloride in drinking water for 120 days. The levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgA, IgM, IgE, Complement factor (C)3, and C4 in serum were determined by ELISA and nephelometric assays at the end of experiment. The results showed that the levels of IgM, C3, and C4 were lowered, and the levels of IgG, IgA, and IgE were increased in an Al-dose dependent manner. The increased in IgE level and the decreased in C3 and C4 levels indicate that Al induces allergic responses in rats; while the increased levels in IgG and IgA and the decreased level in IgM suggest that Al disorders the humoral immune function in rats.     

Immunological follow-up of hydatid cyst cases

Hydatid disease is caused by Echinococcus granulosus. In this study, we aimed to investigate the benefit of monitoring cases with hydatid cyst by means of immune components in patients in a long-term follow-up after surgery. Eighty-four preoperative and postoperative serum samples from 14 cases undergoing surgery for hydatid disease were evaluated in terms of immune parameters, such as total and specific IgE, IgG, IgM, IgA and complement. Total and specific IgE were determined by ELISA. Specific IgG levels were measured by indirect hemagglutination.Total IgG, IgM, IgA and complement (C3 and C4) were detected by nephelometry. Imaging studies were also carried out during the follow-up. In none of the patients hydatid cysts were detected during the follow-up. Total IgE levels in the sera of the patients decreased to normal six months after surgery. Although specific IgE against echinococcal antigens decreased one year after operation, levels were still significantly high. There were no changes in the levels of anti-Echinococcus IgG and total IgG in follow-up period. Additionally, other parameters, such as IgA, IgM, C3 and C4, were not affected.     

Immunoglobulins in uterine secretions of mares with differing resistance to endometritis

The immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, IgG(T) and IgM were measured in uterine secretions from mares with normal uterine defense capability against bacterial contamination, and in mares with lowered resistance. Samples were collected for analysis at two stages of estrus and two stages of diestrus. All mares were then challenged with a pathogenic culture of Streptococci inoculated into the uterus. The immunoglobulins were quantitated on a similar schedule post-inoculation. Generally higher amounts of IgA, IgG and IgG(T) were found in the uterine secretions of mares which had an imparied resistance to endometritis than in mares with an efficient defense mechanisms. IgM was not detected in enough samples to suggest any differences.     

SOD猕猴桃果汁对体液免疫、血清与红细胞丙二醛水平的影响

目的 研究超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）猕猴桃果汁姑降低血清、红细胞丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量及提高机体免疫球白水平的作用。方法 测定ＳＯＤ弥猴桃果汁服用前后正常妇女红细胞ＭＤＡ及血清ＭＤＡ、免疫球蛋白ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＡ、ＩｇＭ的含量。结果 ＳＯＤ弥桃果汁服用后,红细胞与血清ＭＤＡ含量显著降低血清,免疫球蛋白ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＡ、ＩｇＭ的含量。结果 ＳＯＤ猕猴桃果取用后,红细胞与血清ＭＤＡ量显著降低,免疫球蛋白ＩｇＧ、     

Quantitative analysis of IgA1 binding protein prepared from human serum by hypoglycosylated IgA1/Sepharose affinity chromatography

The binding protein to a hypoglycosylated IgA1/Sepharose (IgA1-BP) could be prepared from human sera. IgG was a major component in the IgA1-BP. A Protein A column was used to remove the IgG; however, about half of the IgA1-BP was passed from the column [Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 264 (1999) 424]. Quantitative analysis of the passed fraction (PAP) by laser nepherometry indicated that it was composed of a fairly large amount of IgA, IgM and complement C3 besides IgG. The relative content of IgG:IgA:IgM:C3:C4 was 25:10:41:22:2 in the PAP fraction. Meanwhile, the Protein A bound-fraction was essentially composed of IgG (78%) and IgM (19%). The total amount of IgA1-BP was not different between the sera from IgA nephropathy patients and other nephropathy patients. With respect to the IgA content in the IgA1-BP from IgA nephropathy patients, it was significantly higher than that from other nephropathy patients. It was found that the IgA1-BP from some IgA nephropathy patients contained a few micrograms of aberrant IgA per ml of serum. Thus, the obtained results suggested the preferential deposition of the self-aggregated IgA composed of hypoglycosylated IgA1 and co-deposition of IgG, IgM and C3 in the glomeruli in an IgA nephropathy patient.     

FMMU白化豚鼠免疫学特性研究

目的　通过测定补体含量、免疫球蛋白含量、淋巴细胞的转化率及红细胞免疫功能 ,比较FMMU白化豚鼠和花色豚鼠的免疫学特性。方法　利用自动生化分析仪测定FMMU白化豚鼠和普通花色豚鼠的免疫球蛋白含量 (IgG、IgA、IgM)、C3、C4含量及总补体水平 ;利用淋巴细胞转化实验测定淋巴细胞的转化率 ;利用红细胞免疫复合物 (immunocomplex ,IC)花环形成试验测定两种豚鼠红细胞免疫粘附功能。结果　FMMU白化豚鼠血清中免疫球蛋白含量 (IgG、IgA、IgM)、C3、C4含量及补体总活性均显著低于花色豚鼠 ;FMMU白化豚鼠淋巴细胞转化率比花色豚鼠略低 ;FMMU白化豚鼠红细胞C3bR花环形成率与花色豚鼠差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。而RBC IC花环率显著低于花色豚鼠 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　封闭群FMMU白化豚鼠具有独特的免疫学特性 ,总体免疫学功能低于花色豚鼠。     

An immunohistochemical study of cells with surface and cytoplasmic immunoglobulins in situ in Peyer's patches and lamina propria of rat small intestine

The distribution of cells with surface and cytoplasmic immunoglobulins was studied in Peyer's patches (PP) and intestine of rats, using both frozen and paraffin sections, with a two-step peroxidase technique. Anti IgM, IgG, IgA and IgE sera were used. Surface staining was found within PP with all antisera used. Although the villi contained predominantly IgA plasma cells (PC), IgG PC and a few IgM and IgE PC were also found. Within PP, however, no IgA PC were found but IgM and IgG PC were present in all stages of development, mainly in the dome. PC of all types, but mostly IgA cells, were present in and around high endothelial venules (HEV). The results suggest that IgM and IgG PC precursors can develop to PC within PP whereas IgA precursors do not. PC appear to home to the gut preferentially via HEV.     

Immunopathological responses in women with chronic inflammatory diseases of the uterus and appendages and their therapeutic correction

A total of 145 women with chronic inflammatory diseases of uterus and appendages (IDUA) were examined. Bacterioscopy of smears and culture of vaginal, cervical canal and uterine cavity contents were performed in all patients. Direct immunofluorescence and PCR were used for detection of chlamydiae in scrapes and smears and in biopsy specimens taken from endometrium. The number of T lymphocytes and their subpopulations, B lymphocytes as well as the level of plasmatic cells synthesizing IgA, IgM and IgG and secretory IgA (sIgA), immune complexes and C3 component of the complement were determined in biopsy specimens of the endometrium. Pathomorphological examination revealed structural changes characteristic of the immunocomplex disease (secondary deficiency of sIgA, pronounced suppression of IgA production by plasmocytes along with an essential increase in the number of IgG synthesizing cells and immune complexes fixed to the venule endothelium) were detected. Lectin-histochemical study revealed considerable changes in secretory activity of endometrial epitheliocytes manifested by severe suppression of bactericidal activity of the uterine mucus. The detected disturbances of local protective reactions in the endometrium of women IDUA gave grounds for including immunomodulators into the traditional treatment scheme. The latter made it possible to increase essentially the therapeutic effect.     

Age-related changes of immunoglobulin levels in African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops)

Serum IgG, IgA, and IgM levels were measured in domestically bred African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) ranging in age from 0 day to 49 months as well as in adult (5 years or older) animals of wild origin. Transplacental transfer of IgG was observed. IgG, IgA, and IgM levels increased with increasing age except for a temporal decrease of IgG level in the first month of life.