硅和白粉菌诱导接种对黄瓜幼苗白粉病抗性影响的研究

研究了硅酸盐和诱导接种白粉菌对黄瓜活性氧代谢、SiO2含量和抗病性的影响．结果表明,诱导接种能使叶片的超氧自由基(O2^-)产生速率、H2O2和丙二醛(MDA)含量升高,加硅接种处理的O2^-产生速率、H202和MDA含量明显低于不加硅接种处理．诱导接种能使叶片的过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性升高,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性降低．加硅接种处理植株叶片的CAT、POD和SOD活性明显高于不加硅接种处理．诱导接种提高叶片的抗坏血酸(AsA)和还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量,加硅处理的AsA含量明显低于不加硅处理,GSH含量高于不加硅处理．无论接种与否,加硅处理的SiO2含量显著高于不加硅处理,病情指数明显低于不加硅处理．     

外源硅对纹枯病菌(Rhizoctonia solani)侵染下水稻叶片光合功能的改善

为了进一步探讨外源加硅增强水稻对纹枯病的抗性作用，以抗病品种91SP和感病品种Lemont为材料，研究了人工接种纹枯病菌条件下外源硅对水稻叶片叶绿素含量、光合作用、叶绿素荧光特性和MDA含量的影响。结果表明：（1）外源加硅能降低抗病品种91SP的纹枯病病级和病情指数，显著降低感病品种Lemont的病级和病情指数；（2）接种纹枯病菌后，水稻叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（Gs）均明显降低，胞间CO2浓度（Ci）增大，而加硅处理的水稻叶片叶绿素含量、Pn、Gs不同程度增加，Ci有所降低；（3）接种纹枯病菌后，两个品种PSⅡ最大光化学效率（Fv／Fm）、PSⅡ有效光化学效率（Fv＇／Fm＇）、PSⅡ实际光化学效率（ФPSⅡ）、光化学猝灭系数（qP）和表观光合电子传递速率（ETR）均降低，非光化学猝灭系数（qNP）增大，而对于加硅处理的水稻叶片，上述荧光参数在纹枯病菌侵染条件下的变化均受到不同程度的抑制。（4）外源硅可不同程度地减缓纹枯病菌侵染引起的丙二醛（MDA）含量的增加，对感病品种Lemont的缓解作用要大于抗病品种91SP。可见，外源硅处理可以不同程度地缓解纹枯病菌侵染条件下非气孔因素引起的水稻叶片光合速率的下降以及对光合机构的破坏作用，提高光化学效率，改善叶片的光合功能，减轻叶片膜脂过氧化程度，增强水稻对纹枯病的抗性。     

硒对镉胁迫下水稻幼苗生长及生理特性的影响

采用溶液培养 ,研究不同浓度的硒和镉处理对稻苗的株高、叶片干重、叶绿素、还原糖、叶片丙二醛含量以及保护酶 SOD、POD、CAT活性的影响。结果表明 ,镉胁迫下稻苗矮化 ,镉毒害使叶片失绿 ,干重降低 ,还原糖含量下降 ,叶片 MDA含量增加 ,POD活性增强 ,而 SOD、CAT活性降低 ;硒可减轻镉对水稻的毒害 ,表现为 :减轻镉胁迫对株高增加的抑制 ,提高叶绿素含量 ,增加叶片干物质积累 ,提高叶片还原糖含量 (Cd0 .5 mg/ L加 Se 0 .1 0～ 0 .5 0 mg/ L例外 ) ,降低 MDA含量与 POD活性 ,提高 SOD、CAT活性     

草酸诱导黄瓜幼苗对霜霉病的抗性与H2O2的关系

以长春密刺黄瓜幼苗为材料,对经草酸处理或霜霉菌接种后黄瓜叶片的过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及H2O2含量的变化进行了研究.结果表明:草酸处理或霜霉菌接种均可诱导黄瓜幼苗叶片H2O2含量显著增加,且草酸预处理后接种的叶片比相应对照叶片能更快地积累H2O2;草酸处理后叶片SOD和POD活性均升高,而CAT活性却受到一定程度的抑制.研究发现,H2O2参与了幼苗对霜霉病的抗性诱导;叶片H2O2含量的增加与其SOD、POD活性升高、CAT活性下降有关;通过调节黄瓜叶片H2O2的含量来调控有关黄瓜霜霉病抗性的防御基因表达是草酸诱导抗性的机制之一.     

不同抗性泡核桃对褐斑病病原菌侵染的生理生化响应北大核心CSCD

以抗病和感病泡核桃无性系为实验材料,人工接种褐斑病病原菌后测定不同时期叶片中保护酶活性、总酚、类黄酮、叶绿素含量等相关生理生化指标,探讨不同抗性泡核桃响应褐斑病病原菌侵染的生理生化差异。结果表明:(1)接种病原菌后,感病无性系64叶片带菌率随着侵染时间的增加而升高,且显著高于抗病无性系199(P<0.05)。(2)抗病无性系199和感病无性系64叶片的SOD、POD、CAT、APX和PPO活性随着侵染时间均呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势,其中SOD、POD和APX活性均在16 d时达到最大值;与较感病无性系相比,接种后抗病无性系的POD和APX活性较强;在接种前期(1~16 d),感病无性系PPO活性高于抗病无性系,后期(16~34 d)CAT活性也较抗病无性系高。(3)抗病无性系叶片叶绿素含量始终高于感病无性系;抗病无性系MDA含量在接种后无明显变化,而感病无性系先增加后降低,其细胞膜脂过氧化较重。(4)两个无性系叶片可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量变化较平缓,且差异不显著,在接种后期(34 d)有升高的趋势;接种5 d以后,感病无性系叶片类黄酮和总酚含量始终显著高于抗病无性系。研究发现,泡核桃抗病无性系叶片带菌率较低,较难受到侵染,并且通过提高POD和APX活性以及积累较多叶绿素、可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖来应对病原菌侵染引起的氧化胁迫,抑制病原菌的繁殖,从而提高其抗病能力。     

增强UV-B辐射与不同水平氮素对谷子（Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.） 叶片保护物质及保护酶的影响

研究了生长在1.875 mmol·L-1和15 mmol·L-1硝态氮素水平条件下的谷子(Setaria italica(L.)Beauv.)开花期间在进行强度为7.12 kJ·m-2.d-1增强UV.B辐射处理时叶片类黄酮含量、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)和保护酶活性变化差异.主要结果表明在开花期无论是否进行增强UV-B辐射处理,较低水平氮素均比较高水平氮素更有利于提高谷子叶片PAL活性;叶片类黄酮含量除在进行增强UV-B处理时较低氮素条件下生长的谷子在开花末期显著高于较高氮素条件下生长的谷子外,受氮素水平影响不甚明显.而在开花期不进行与进行增强UV-B辐射处理,氮素水平对叶片保护酶的影响有所差异:不进行增强UV-B辐射处理,整个开花期氮素水平对谷子叶片SOD活性有显著影响而对ASP活性无显著影响,对CAT和POD活性则在开花期部分阶段有显著影响.进行增强UV-B辐射处理,整个开花期氮素水平对谷子叶片SOD与CAT活性有显著影响而对ASP、POD活性影响不显著.     

丛枝菌根真菌对柑橘嫁接苗枳/红肉脐橙抗旱性的影响

采用盆栽试验,研究了自然水分胁迫和胁迫解除复水条件下接种AM真菌摩西球囊霉对柑橘嫁接苗枳/红肉脐橙生长和保护系统能力的影响.结果表明,接种AM真菌的柑橘嫁接苗的株高、穗粗、叶面积和新梢生长量显著或极显著地高于未接种植株.在胁迫解除复水第4天,接种AM真菌的根系可溶性蛋白质含量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性显著或极显著高于未接种植株.在自然水分胁迫和胁迫解除复水过程中,接种AM真菌较未接种处理降低叶片丙二醛（MDA）含量,提高可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量,增强SOD、过氧化物酶（POD）、CAT活性,从而增强柑橘嫁接苗的渗透调节和保护防御能力,提高柑橘嫁接苗的抗旱能力.水分和菌根显著交互影响叶片SOD活性.AM真菌提高寄主植物的抗旱性机制可能与寄主植物的保护系统能力的改变有关.     

水稻施用硅肥对稻纵卷叶螟幼虫保护酶和解毒酶活性的影响

【目的】研究施硅水稻对稻纵卷叶螟Cnaphalocrocis medinalis(Guenée)幼虫保护酶(过氧化氢酶CAT、过氧化物酶POD、超氧化物歧化酶SOD)和解毒酶(谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶GST、乙酰胆碱酯酶ACh E)活性的影响,为探明硅增强水稻抗稻纵卷叶螟的机理和稻纵卷叶螟的综合治理提供依据。【方法】采用感虫水稻品种TN1,设置2种施硅水平,即0.32 g Si/kg土壤(Si+)和不施硅(Si-),测定取食水稻24、48、72、96 h后3龄幼虫体内CAT、POD、SOD、GST、ACh E活性的动态变化。【结果】幼虫取食Si+水稻前期(24~48 h),CAT、POD、SOD活性呈上升趋势,并在48 h时达到最高值;取食后期(48~96 h),CAT、POD、SOD活性下降并在96 h时显著低于Si-处理。在Si-处理中,幼虫CAT和POD活性"先降低、再升高",SOD活性呈一直增大的趋势。取食Si+水稻幼虫GST活性始终显著高于Si-处理,而ACh E活性均低于Si-水稻,并在72 h和96 h时显著低于Si-水稻。处理间幼虫存活率存在显著差异,Si+水稻上1龄和3龄幼虫的存活率显著低于Si-水稻。这些结果说明,硅处理可能使稻纵卷叶螟幼虫产生应激反应引起保护酶活性在短时间内增大,但取食一段时间后保护酶活性下降。ACh E活性受到抑制,会引起昆虫神经传导的异常反应,造成昆虫死亡。【结论】硅可能通过参与植物的生理代谢过程,诱导植物增加次生代谢物的合成和积累,引起稻纵卷叶螟保护酶和解毒酶的活性变化,可能会影响稻纵卷叶螟的存活。     

摩西球囊霉对三叶鬼针草保护酶活性的影响

旱地农田入侵杂草三叶鬼针草(Bidens pilosa L.)与摩西球囊霉(Glomus mosseae)(AM真菌)经常形成长效的共生体,该霉菌对三叶鬼针草的入侵能力起到促进作用,但机理并不清楚。盆栽试验对正常浇水、中度干旱和重度干旱条件下接种AM真菌的三叶鬼针草植株与未接种植株之间叶片丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸氧化酶(ASP)和过氧化物酶(POD)等保护酶活性进行了比较研究。结果表明,干旱胁迫导致三叶鬼针草叶片内MDA含量升高,SOD、CAT、ASP和POD的活性升高;正常浇水条件下,接种G. mosseae 对MDA含量,SOD、ASP和CAT活性影响不显著;中度干旱条件下,接种没有显著影响ASP活性,但对SOD和CAT活性影响显著;在处理前期(7,14,21d)POD活性影响不显著,在处理后期(28,35d)接种植株显著低于未接种植株;重度干旱条件下,未接种植株MDA含量、CAT活性显著高于接种植株,POD活性差异不显著。ASP活性在21d前差异不显著,之后,未接种植株显著高于接种植株。因此,AM真菌G. mosseae 有效地降低了干旱胁迫对三叶鬼针草的伤害程度,随着土壤含水量的严重亏缺和胁迫时间的延长,摩西球囊霉对三叶鬼针草的保护作用逐渐减弱。由于三叶鬼针草和AM真菌之间普遍存在着共生关系,该共生关系可能是三叶鬼针草入侵能力强的关键生物因子之一。     

大蒜叶片活性氧及保护酶系对白腐病菌粗毒素胁迫的响应

以大蒜抗病品种‘汉中红皮’和感病品种‘改良蒜’为材料,研究了它们在苗期用白腐病菌毒素处理后的叶片细胞超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性以及超氧阴离子(O2-.)和丙二醛(MDA)含量的动态变化。结果表明,白腐病菌粗毒素处理后,2个品种大蒜叶片的SOD、POD活性均升高,而CAT活性降低;抗病品种的SOD、POD和CAT活性均高于感病品种,且SOD、POD活性峰值出现早,并以POD对毒素胁迫最敏感。2个品种在白腐病菌粗毒素处理后的O2.-含量始终高于同期对照,而感病品种O2.-含量在毒素处理24h后均高于同期抗病品种。MDA含量变化趋势与O2.-的变化基本相似。研究认为,大蒜叶片的活性氧含量和保护酶活性与其抗病性密切相关。     

取食施硅水稻对褐飞虱成虫体内保护酶和解毒酶活性的影响

【目的】本研究旨在明确褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens成虫取食施硅水稻对其体内保护酶及解毒酶活性的影响,为硅介导的水稻抗虫性的应用提供证据。【方法】以TN1(感虫品种)为供试水稻品种,采用营养液添加Na₂SiO₃·9H₂O的方法设置112 mg Si/L(Si+)和0 mg Si/L(Si-)2种施硅水平,通过酶活性分析测定取食Si+或Si-水稻植株24, 48, 72和96 h后褐飞虱成虫体内保护酶［过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase, POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide, SOD)］以及解毒酶［谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(glutathione-S-transferase, GST)、羧酸酯酶(carboxylesterase, CarE)和多功能氧化酶(mixed-functional oxidase, MFO)］活性的动态变化。【结果】与取食Si-水稻植株的褐飞虱成虫相比,取食Si+水稻植株24和48 h时,褐飞虱成虫POD活性分别显著增加101.2%和55.2%,SOD活性分别显著增加78.2%和19.6%;取食72 h时,CAT和SOD活性分别显著增加16.5%和29.7%;取食96 h时,CAT和POD活性稍有降低,SOD活性显著降低12.6%。添加硅总体上增加GST和MFO活性,降低CarE活性。取食Si+水稻植株24, 48, 72和96 h时,GST活性分别显著升高57.2%, 200.7%, 84.7%和45.9%;MFO活性在取食72和96 h时分别显著升高70.2%和28.3%;而CarE活性在取食72和96 h时分别显著降低38.1%和32.0%。【结论】取食施硅水稻引起褐飞虱成虫体内保护酶和解毒酶活性发生了变化,进而对褐飞虱生理代谢产生了影响。     

Silicon alleviates simulated acid rain stress of <Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">Oryza sativa</Emphasis> L. seedlings by adjusting physiology activity and mineral nutrients

Silicon (Si) has been a modulator in plants under abiotic stresses, such as acid rain. To understand how silicon made an effect on rice (Oryza sativa L.) exposed to simulated acid rain (SAR) stress, the growth, physiologic activity, and mineral nutrient content in leaves of rice were investigated. The results showed that combined treatments with Si (1.0, 2.0, or 4.0 mM) and SAR (pH 4.0, 3.0, or 2.0) obviously improved the rice growth compared with the single treatment with SAR. Incorporation of Si into SAR treatment decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content; increased soluble protein and proline contents; promoted CAT, POD, SOD, and APX activity; and maintained the K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu content balance in leaves of rice seedlings under SAR stress. The moderate concentration of Si (2.0 mM) was better than the low and high concentration of Si (1.0 and 4.0 mM). Therefore, application of Si could be a better strategy for maintaining the crop productivity in acid rain regions.     

A host-specific toxin of Rhizoctonia solani triggers superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in rice

Changes in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in rice in response to treatment with Rhizoctonia solani toxin and/or R. solani elicitor were studied. Treatment of rice leaf sheaths with R. solani-toxin significantly increased the SOD activity within 12?h and the maximum enzyme activity was detected 36?h after treatment at which period a fourfold increase in SOD activity was recorded compared to control plants. Isozyme analysis indicated that five new SOD isozymes (SOD-1, SOD-3, SOD-6, SOD-7 and SOD-8) were induced in rice 1?–?2 days after toxin treatment. In elicitor-treated rice leaf sheaths, SOD-2 increased in activity 1?–?5 days after treatment. Pretreatment of rice leaf sheaths with elicitor suppressed the toxin-induced accumulation of SOD.     

Effects of Pseudomonas aureofaciens 63-28 on defense responses in soybean plants infected by Rhizoctonia solani

The objective of this work was to investigate the ability of the plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Pseudomonas aureofaciens 63-28 to induce plant defense systems, including defense-related enzyme levels and expression of defense-related isoenzymes, and isoflavone production, leading to improved resistance to the phytopathogen Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 in soybean seedlings. Seven-dayold soybean seedlings were inoculated with P. aureofaciens 63-28, R. solani AG-4, or P. aureofaciens 63-28 plus R. solani AG-4 (P+R), or not inoculated (control). After 7 days of incubation, roots treated with R. solani AG-4 had obvious damping-off symptoms, but P+R-treated soybean plants had less disease development, indicating suppression of R. solani AG-4 in soybean seedlings. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities of R. solani AG-4-treated roots increased by 24.6% and 54.0%, respectively, compared with control roots. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activities of R. solani AG-4-treated roots were increased by 75.1% and 23.6%, respectively. Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity in soybean roots challenged with P. aureofaciens 63-28 and P+R increased by 25.0% and 11.6%, respectively. Mn-SOD (S1 band on gel) and Fe-SOD (S2) were strongly induced in P+R-treated roots, whereas one CAT (C1) and one APX (A3) were strongly induced in R. solani AG-4- treated roots. The total isoflavone concentration in P+Rtreated shoots was 27.2% greater than the control treatment. The isoflavone yield of R. solani AG-4-treated shoots was 60.9% less than the control.     

Influence of organic amendments on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in relation to rice sheath blight disease

 The effect of various organic soil amendments on arbuscular myorrhizal (AM) fungal activity on rice plants was tested under greenhouse and field conditions with reference to sheath blight (ShB) disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani. AM spore density, per cent infection, and intensity of infection were increased by organic amendments, whilst ShB disease was decreased. Certain amendments, especially green leaf manure, stimulated arbuscule development in rice plants. Mycorrhiza formation and sporulation were higher with healthy rice plants than with rice plants infected with R. solani. Our results indicate the possibility of using selective organic amendments to enhance development of native AM fungi and thus reduce disease incidence. Accepted: 9 November 1995     

南方水稻黑条矮缩病对褐飞虱和白背飞虱体内三种保护酶活性的影响

为探寻植物感染病毒病后对刺吸性害虫体内生化酶活性的影响,本文研究了感染南方水稻矮缩病毒(Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus,SRBSDV)的水稻对褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens和白背飞虱Sogatella furcifera成虫及若虫体内三种保护酶活性的影响。结果表明,取食染病水稻的白背飞虱和褐飞虱成虫及若虫体内超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)和过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)的活性均随取食时间的延长而增加。在带毒水稻上取食12 h后,白背飞虱成虫、褐飞虱成虫、若虫体内SOD活性与对照比差异不显著外,其他均显著高于对照;取食24 h后,白背飞虱若虫体内SOD、POD活性和褐飞虱若虫SOD活性虽高于对照但未达显著水平;取食5 d后,白背飞虱若虫、褐飞虱成虫、若虫POD活性未达显著外,其他均显著高于对照。以上研究结果可为进一步研究植物-病毒-寄主三种之间的关系提供参考。     

YD4-6和NV11-4菌株抑菌活性及诱导水稻防御性相关酶活性变化

从麦田和蔬菜地土样中筛选到2株具有较高抗菌活性的生防菌株YD4-6和NV11-4,测定了其抑菌活性和诱导水稻防御性相关酶活性的变化。抑菌活性测定结果表明YD4-6和NV11-4对水稻纹枯病菌、水稻稻瘟病菌、油菜菌核病菌和白菜黑斑病菌均具有较强的抑菌活性。两菌株均不产生几丁质酶活性,但NV11-4能产生纤维素酶活性。针对其对水稻病原菌的抑菌活性和纤维素酶活性的差异及其特性,研究了2个菌株诱导水稻防御性酶活性的变化。结果表明,YD4-6和NV11-4菌株均可有效诱导水稻PPO、POD、PAL、SOD活性增强,MDA含量升高。接种水稻纹枯病菌和使用YD4-6和NV11-4菌株,在使用48 h后,水稻防御酶的活性增加并达到最高,其中NV11-4菌株诱导活性比较持久;YD4-6使用后,诱导水稻的MDA含量增幅较大。结果显示,2个菌株均可有效的诱导水稻防御性酶活性增强和MDA含量增加。经16S rRNA鉴定后,菌株Y4-6确定为蜡质芽孢杆菌,NV11-4确定为枯草芽孢杆菌。     

Exogenous silicon (Si) increases antioxidant enzyme activity and reduces lipid peroxidation in roots of salt-stressed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Two contrasting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars, i.e. Kepin No.7 (salt sensitive) and Jian 4 (salt tolerant), were grown hydroponically to study the effect of exogenous silicon (Si) on time dependent changes of the activities of major antioxidant enzymes and of lipid peroxidation in roots under salt stress. Enzymes included: superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR). Three treatments with three replicates were investigated consisting of a control (basal nutrients with neither NaCl nor Si added), 120 mmol/L-1 NaCl, and 120 mmol/L-1 NaCl +1.0 mmol/L-1 Si. Plant roots were harvested 2, 4 and 6 days after treatment and assayed for activities of the antioxidant enzymes and the concentrations of reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and electrolytic leakage percentage (ELP). The activities of SOD, POD and CAT in roots of salt-stressed plants were significantly stimulated at Day 2 compared to control plants, but considerably decreased at Day 4 and onward. GR activity in roots of salt-stressed plants remained unchanged at Day 2, but significantly decreased at Day 4 and onward. However, exogenous Si significantly enhanced these enzyme activities in roots of salt-stressed plants compared to Si-deprived salt treatments. This Si effect was time-dependent and became stronger as the experiments continued. The tendency of change in the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the concentration of GSH coincided with the concentration of MDA, the end product of lipid peroxidation, and the ELP. Higher activities of antioxidant enzymes, and higher concentration of GSH, but lower concentration of MDA and lower ELP were noted in cultivar Jian 4 compared to Kepin No. 7, implying genotypic differences with Jian 4 being less susceptible to stress-dependent membrane lipid peroxidation. The effects of Si-enhanced salt tolerance are discussed with respect to cell membrane integrity, stability and function in barley.     

Physiological Responses of Rice Plants Supplied with Silicon to Monographella albescens Infection

This study investigated the effect of silicon (Si) on the resistance of rice plants of the cv. ‘Primavera’ cultivar that were grown in a nutrient solution with 0 (?Si) or 2 mm (+Si) Si to leaf scald, which is caused by Monographella albescens. The leaf Si concentration increased in the +Si plants (4.8 decag/kg) compared to the ?Si plants (0.9 decag/kg), contributing to a reduced expansion of the leaf scald lesions. The extent of the cellular damage that was caused by the oxidative burst in response to the infection by M. albescens was reduced in the +Si plants, as evidenced by the reduced concentration of malondialdehyde. Higher concentrations of total soluble phenolics and lignin‐thioglycolic acid derivatives and greater activities of peroxidases (POX), polyphenoloxidases (PPO), phenylalanine ammonia‐lyases (PAL) and lipoxygenases (LOX) in the leaves of the +Si plants also contributed to the increased rice resistance to leaf scald. In contrast, the activities of chitinases and β‐1,3‐glucanases were higher in the leaves of the ?Si plants probably due to the unlimited M. albescens growth in the leaf tissues, as indicated by the larger lesions. The results of this study highlight the potential of Si in decreasing the expansion of the leaf scald lesions concomitantly with the potentiation of phenolic and lignin production, and the greater activities of POX, PPO, PAL and LOX rather than simply acting only as a physical barrier to avoid M. albescens penetration.