紫茉莉悬浮细胞培养体系的建立

为建立紫茉莉(Mirabilis jalapa L.)悬浮细胞培养体系,以紫茉莉无菌苗叶片诱导的愈伤组织为材料,筛选紫茉莉悬浮细胞的适宜培养体系。结果表明,紫茉莉愈伤组织在MS+2,4-D 1 mg L-1+KT 0.5 mg L-1的液体培养基中悬浮继代培养3~4次,能得到稳定的悬浮细胞系。培养基的pH值为5.5~5.9,蔗糖浓度为30 g L-1更适合悬浮细胞的生长。紫茉莉悬浮细胞的生长曲线大致呈S型。最佳继代培养时间是10 d,培养液的体积为40 mL时,接种量为7.5 mL,可以较好地保持悬浮细胞系。1 L培养液中可提取分泌蛋白(0.42±0.15) g。这些有助于对悬浮细胞提取分泌蛋白的研究。     

药用植物的细胞悬浮培养技术与应用

<正>化学工业出版社出版李永成、蒋志国编著。本书从植物细胞悬浮培养的意义、药用植物组织培养的基本方法、植物悬浮细胞的大规模培养、植物细胞悬浮培养的研究方法与有效成分的提取与分析等方面,系统介绍了药用植物细胞悬浮培养的基本理论与工艺路线、悬浮细胞合成     

草地早熟禾悬浮体系的建立及悬浮过程中细胞形态观察

对早熟禾(Mardona)成熟种子灭菌后,接种于MS2 BA0.1诱导培养基,26℃,全黑暗培养诱导胚性愈伤,挑选其中松散的颗粒状胚性愈伤悬浮于MS2 BA0.1液体培养基中,在90~110r/min,26℃黑暗培养下,悬浮培养2个月,建立悬浮体系。在悬浮培养过程中,对细胞形态进行显微观察,发现悬浮培养前期,细胞多为条状、棒状,且大小不一。培养20天后,悬浮培养物开始增殖,2个月后,悬浮体系建立,细胞大小均匀,颜色嫩白。     

用于洁净室环境监测中不同检测法的研究及评价

本文报告在洁净室内静态下与静态异常情况下沉降菌检测与悬浮菌检测的对比,并与尘埃粒子检测亦进行了对比。试验结果表明,（１）沉降菌与悬浮菌检测结果不一致;（２）悬浮菌与尘埃粒子检测结果相一致;（３）只有在悬浮菌与尘埃粒子检测结果均合格时,沉降菌检测结果亦合格。由此说明,仅以沉降菌检测来监测具有ＨＥＰＡ过滤空调净化系统的洁净室是不适宜的。沉降菌检测敏感性差,检出率低,其操作虽比悬浮菌检测简便,且省时省力,但决不能以此取代悬浮菌检测或尘埃粒子检测。否则,就会造成监测结果假合格的现象,从而导致制品污染的危险。因此,静态下洁净室监测必须以悬浮菌检测及尘埃粒子检测为主要依据     

内生真菌和诱导子对长春花悬浮细胞及生物碱合成的影响

目的:探讨内生真茵和诱导子对长春花悬浮细胞生长及生物碱合成的影响.方法:接种内生真茵与悬浮细胞的共同培养,添加诱导子到细胞培养液中对长春花悬浮细胞进行诱导处理,检测实验处理后长春花悬浮细胞各项生化指标.结果:培养液pH值上升,悬浮细胞MDA舍量增加,细胞抗氧化酶(POD、CAT)和生物碱合成的关键性酶(PAL、TDC)活性升高.生物碱产量得到提高,诱导组悬浮细胞生物碱产量达到770.36μg/gFW,共培养组生物碱产量为693.76 μg/gFW,分别比对照组提高了48%和32%.结论:真菌及其诱导子能改变长春花悬浮培养细胞的态势,导致细胞代谢结构的改变,使生物碱的产量提高.     

高分化潜能小麦胚性悬浮系的建立及保持

报道了小麦具高度植株再生潜能的优质胚性悬浮系的建立与保持方法。Ⅱ型胚性愈伤组织在改良ＭＳ液体培养基中增殖快,分散好,两周左右即可建立起优质悬浮系;在改良Ｎ６液体培养基中增殖较慢,较易形成块状结构;ＡＡ液体培养基不适于小麦胚性悬浮系的培养。长时间悬浮培养后,小麦胚性悬浮系再生能力下降,在ＮＢＤ固体培养基上培养一段时间后再转回液体培养可使其再生能力得以保持与恢复。     

细胞壁中的过氧化物酶参与机械刺激诱导的烟草悬浮培养细胞的氧化爆发

细胞壁中的过氧化物酶（CWPOD）是植物细胞中产生H2O2的酶源之一。机械刺激可提高烟草悬浮培养细胞中CWPOD的活性,促进烟草悬浮培养细胞中H2O2的积累,增加悬浮细胞培养介质的pH值。用CWPOD的抑制剂KCN或水杨苷异羟肟酸（SHAM）预处理烟草悬浮细胞后,机械刺激诱发的H2O2爆发和介质pH值的增加都不同程度地受到削弱。这些结果暗示CWPOD有可能参与了机械刺激诱发的烟草悬浮细胞中H2O2爆发的形成。     

MDCK细胞的悬浮驯化及初步应用

目的：驯化MDCK细胞使之适应悬浮培养,以之作为生产流感病毒疫苗的介质,为以细胞代替鸡胚制备流感病毒疫苗提供保证。方法：通过直接法和间接法分别驯化MDCK细胞,放大培养能悬浮生长的MDCK细胞,并以之作为介质培养流感病毒。结果：获得了能悬浮培养的MDCK细胞,其在悬浮条件下生长良好;以之作为载体培养流感病毒,可获得较高产量的病毒。结论：建立了悬浮培养的MDCK细胞,以之作为载体培养流感病毒可获得较高病毒滴度,为细胞培养生产流感病毒疫苗奠定了基础。     

银杏悬浮培养细胞的生长、分化与萜内酯化合物的积累

研究了来源于银杏种子胚和幼苗茎的悬浮细胞的生长、分化和培养物中的白果内酯、银杏内酯A和B的含量变化。结果表明：在悬浮培养中,细胞聚集而成的细胞团大小、细胞中叶绿体的分化、外植体来源都影响培养物中的萜内酯的种类和含量,胚来源的悬浮细胞培养物中,银杏内酯B仅存在于直径<2mm的小细胞团悬浮培养中,且在<1 mm的细胞团中的含量最高,达0.437 mg /g(DW);而直径>3mm的细胞团悬浮培养物中只含有白果内酯和银杏内酯A。相同大小的悬浮细胞团中,胚来源的细胞中萜内酯含量高于茎来源的细胞。     

多聚赖氨酸在悬浮细胞转染中的应用

目的:悬浮细胞的转染较贴壁细胞存在一定难度,用多聚赖氨酸包被的细胞培养板培养悬浮细胞使其贴壁,用脂质体2000按照贴壁细胞转染的方法转染悬浮细胞,提供一种高效的转染悬浮细胞的方法。方法:悬浮细胞Jurkat或CCRF-CEM培养于包被了0.1 mg/mL多聚赖氨酸的细胞培养板,16 h后洗掉未贴壁的细胞,用脂质体2000分别将pWPXLd质粒或靶向人ABL1基因的小干扰RNA(siRNA)转染细胞,24 h后于荧光显微镜下观察绿色荧光蛋白印迹鉴定siRNA的干扰效率。结果:pWPXLd成功转染2种细胞,siRNA成功抑制了ABL1的表达。结论:质粒和siRNA均能成功转染,提供了一种高效可行的转染悬浮细胞的方法。     

评价植物悬浮细胞培养物两项测定指标的建立

由于在细胞培养研究中缺乏一些可操作性强的且定量化的细胞状态评价指标,人们对植物细胞状态的有些性状的评价只能停留在定性描述水平,如对悬浮细胞培养物褐化程度的评价仅能作出定性判断。这里我们提出了两项悬浮细胞培养物细胞状态评价指标。     

评价植物悬浮细胞培养物两项测定指标的建立

An experiment on suspending rice cell cultures in sucrose solution and on optical density (OD) value in culture solution at 576 nm wave width was carried out, the result indicates that suspension rate (%) of suspensions, while suspending in 0.76 mol/L sucrose solution for 15 minutes at room temperature, can be employed as an judgment criterion of cell state. Suspending cell suspension in 0.76 mol/L sucrose solution is also a good approach on selecting cells from suspension cell mass, as a result, it is beneficial to establishing cell suspension. The browning of cell suspension is related to the necrosis degree of suspension cells. OD value of cell suspension liquid at 576 nm can be taken as a criterion with which the necrosis degree of cell suspension can be evaluated.     

Development and Characterization of a Nonmorphogenetic Cell Line of Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

This study was conducted to compare characteristics of a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cell line to those of the maize (Zea mays L.) black Mexican sweet (BMS) cell line and to compare protoplasts isolated from suspension cells of these cell lines. The wheat cell line was established from immature-embryo derived callus of the experimental line ‘ND7532’ and was conditioned for growth in suspension culture. For both cell lines, measurements of packed cell volume (PCV), fresh weight (FW), and dry weight (DW) were taken at 3 day intervals from suspension cultures. Measurements of FW of calluses cultured from suspension cells of both cell lines were taken at 6 day intervals. The morphogenetic potential of the wheat ND7532 cell line was tested in both callus and suspension cultures using media promoting regeneration and/or organogenesis. Growth rates of ND7532 cells in suspension culture were comparable to those of BMS cells. However, relative growth rates of calluses recovered from ND7532 suspension cells were slower than those of calluses recovered from BMS suspension cells. The ND7532 cell line has very limited morphogenetic potential and has been maintained as rapidly growing callus tissue for 11 years. Yields of protoplasts from suspension cells of the two cell lines were comparable, though ND7532 protoplasts were typically smaller. The wheat cell line has is now designated ND7532-NM (nonmorphogenetic) and is available for cellular and molecular biology research.     

Establishment of embryogenic callus and high protoplast yielding suspension cultures of sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids)

For 18 sugarcane cultivars, four distinct callus types developed on leaf explant tissue cultured on modified MS medium, but only Type 3 (embryogenic) and Type 4 (organogenic) were capable of plant regeneration. Cell suspension cultures were initiated from embryogenic callus incubated in a liquid medium. In stage one the callus adapted to the liquid medium. In stage two a heterogeneous cell suspension culture formed in 14 cultivars after five to eight weeks of culture. In stage three a homogeneous cell suspension culture was developed in six cultivars after 10 to 14 weeks by selective subculturing to increase the proportion of actively dividing cells from the heterogeneous cell suspension culture. Plants were regenerated from cell aggregates in heterogeneous cell suspension cultures for up to 148 days of culture but plants could not be regenerated from homogeneous cell suspension cultures. High yields of protoplasts were obtained from homogeneous cell suspension cultures (3.4 to 5.2 × 10⁶ protoplasts per gram fresh weight of cells [gfwt^-1]) compared to heterogeneous cell suspension cultures (0.1 × 10⁶ protoplasts gfwt^-1). Higher yields of protoplasts were obtained from homogeneous cell suspension cultures for cultivars Q63 and Q96 after regenerating callus from the cell suspension cultures, then recycling this callus to liquid medium (S-cell suspension cultures). This process increased protoplast yield to 9.4 × 10⁶ protoplasts gfwt^-1. Protoplasts isolated from S-cell suspension cultures were regenerated to callus and recycled to produce SP-cell suspension cultures yielding 6.4 to 13.2 × 10⁶ protoplasts gfwt^-1. This recycling of callus to produce S-cell suspension cultures allowed protoplasts to be isolated for the first time from cell lines of cultivars Q110 and Q138.     

Miniaturized device for agitating a high-density yeast suspension that is suitable for in vivo nuclear magnetic resonance applications

In vivo nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) monitoring requires a high-density cell suspension, where cell precipitation should be avoided. We have designed a miniaturized cell agitator that fits entirely into an 8-mm NMR probe but that, being mounted into the instrument, is situated outside of the sensitive area. The device consists of two glass tubes connected in a way that, when gas flow is blown through them, creates influx of cell suspension into the device that returns through apertures. This flow creates continuous circular vortex of the cell suspension in the whole sample volume, whereas there are no moving mechanical parts or gas bubbles crossing the instrument’s sensitive area. The gas flow controls conditions of the cell suspension and removes volatile waste metabolites.     

刺激剂对植物细胞悬浮培养的影响

对刺激剂对植物细胞悬浮培养的影响及如何提高刺激剂的诱导率进行了综述。刺激剂对细胞悬浮培养的影响主要表现为酶活化、蛋白质含量改变、氧迸发、细胞程序性死亡、pH值改变、次生代谢产物积累等防御反应。提高刺激剂对悬浮培养细胞的诱导效率必须优化刺激剂的种类,刺激剂的浓度和加入时间,创建更好的诱导模式。     

水母雪莲愈伤组织和悬浮培养细胞的抗冻性研究

水母雪莲（Saussurea meduasaMaxim）是典型的高山雪线植物。本文研究了其愈伤组织及悬浮细胞的培养过程,并对其抗寒性做了初步研究。 研究结果表明,水母雪莲愈伤组织和悬浮培养细胞分别可抵抗-6.5 ℃、-7.5 ℃的冰冻低温胁迫。水母雪莲愈伤组织细胞内丰富的蛋白质和淀粉粒多糖构成其较强抗冻能力的物质基础。低温锻炼后,悬浮细胞分泌蛋白中有新的多肽（76,48,27.5,19.5 kD）合成,而33,51 kD两条多肽合成增强。悬浮细胞抗冻能力的提高同蛋白质合成的增强是一致的。     

Efficient formation of cell spheroids using polymer nanofibers

Spheroid culture has been used for suspension cultures of anchorage-dependent cells. In this study, we developed a new method for the suspension cultures of anchorage-dependent animal cells using polymer nanofibers. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanofibers (785?nm in average fiber-diameter, 88?μm in average fiber-length) fabricated by the electrospinning method were added to each suspension culture of human embryonic kidney 293 cells and human dermal fibroblasts. As compared to no addition of nanofibers to the suspension cultures, nanofibers enhanced cell spheroid formation, thereby reducing cell death resulting from a lack of cell adhesion. Efficient formation of spheroids in the presence of polymer nanofibers may be useful for the suspension cultures of anchorage-dependent cells.