共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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《中国细胞生物学学报》2015,(8)
三维细胞培养技术是在二维细胞培养和动物实验模型的基础上发展起来的简单、有效的细胞培养方式。利用三维细胞培养技术可以更好的模拟体内微环境,为相关研究领域提供新的手段。目前,三维细胞培养技术在组织工程、肿瘤学、再生医学和干细胞生物学等研究领域均有应用。该文就近年来三维细胞培养技术的发展及其在干细胞和肿瘤细胞中的应用进行综述。 相似文献
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萜类化合物是一类广泛存在于植物中的天然产物,其在食品、药品和化工等多个领域中均有广泛的用途,市场潜力巨大。因此,开发生产萜类化合物等植物天然产物可再生的微生物资源来补充甚至代替原有稀少和珍贵的植物资源,具有重要的理论意义和潜在的应用价值。解脂耶氏酵母是目前使用最广泛的非常规酵母底盘细胞之一。近年来,利用代谢工程及合成生物学技术在解脂耶氏酵母底盘细胞中重构与优化萜类化合物的合成途径以实现目标代谢产物的高效合成,已经成为一项研究热点。本文系统总结了有关利用解脂耶氏酵母作为底盘细胞异源生产植物萜类化合物的具体实例和最新进展,包括所涉及的宿主菌株、关键酶、代谢途径及改造策略等,并在最后对该领域的未来发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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应用植物细胞培养技术生产次级代谢物的最初尝试可以追溯到六十年代初期,三十年之后,用植物细胞工业化生产的酶类和精细化学制品仍然屈指可数。 相似文献
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细胞培养技术在病毒学研究中的应用范国昌(浙江大学生物科学与技术系,杭州310027)细胞培养技术不仅在生物学、医学尤其是在病毒学的研究中已经成为不可缺少的工具,而且随着细胞工程的发展,在生产领域中的应用也有了很大的突破,形成了新的产业。本文主要介绍它... 相似文献
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《生物化学与生物物理进展》2004,31(9):803-803
本书主要阐述了植物细胞培养基本技术、有工业价值的植物细胞的筛选、植物细胞培养过程中的生物学特征与技术需求、诱导子的作用、植物细胞反应器的操作与设计、植物细胞固定化与固定化细胞反应器、植物细胞培养的规模放大以及植物细胞培养的应用领域等内容.本书以现代细胞培养技术和工程原理为基础,紧紧围绕植物细胞培养过程中的关键工程技术和生物学需要, 相似文献
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土壤重金属的超富集植物研发利用现状及应用入侵植物修复的前景综述 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
植物修复作为一种绿色安全技术成为土壤重金属污染治理研究的热点领域之一。综述了当前已筛选用于土壤重金属污染修复的植物种类、研发现状及其应用模式, 总结了植物修复技术存在的问题及面临的困境。在此基础上, 围绕入侵植物生长繁殖快、生物量大、抗逆性强及其对某些重金属的超富集特性, 分析探讨了入侵植物作为土壤重金属污染修复的可行性及应用前景, 并提出对入侵植物修复的后续处理利用思路, 旨为综合利用入侵植物修复土壤重金属污染提供可能的新途径和新方法。 相似文献
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Song WY Zhang ZB Shao HB Guo XL Cao HX Zhao HB Fu ZY Hu XJ 《International journal of biological sciences》2008,4(2):116-125
Serving as an important second messenger, calcium ion has unique properties and universal ability to transmit diverse signals that trigger primary physiological actions in cells in response to hormones, pathogens, light, gravity, and stress factors. Being a second messenger of paramount significance, calcium is required at almost all stages of plant growth and development, playing a fundamental role in regulating polar growth of cells and tissues and participating in plant adaptation to various stress factors. Many researches showed that calcium signals decoding elements are involved in ABA-induced stomatal closure and plant adaptation to drought, cold, salt and other abiotic stresses. Calcium channel proteins like AtTPC1 and TaTPC1 can regulate stomatal closure. Recently some new studies show that Ca2+ is dissolved in water in the apoplast and transported primarily from root to shoot through the transpiration stream. The oscillating amplitudes of [Ca2+]o and [Ca2+]i are controlled by soil Ca2+ concentrations and transpiration rates. Because leaf water use efficiency (WUE) is determined by stomatal closure and transpiration rate, so there may be a close relationship between Ca2+ transporters and stomatal closure as well as WUE, which needs to be studied. The selection of varieties with better drought resistance and high WUE plays an increasing role in bio-watersaving in arid and semi-arid areas on the globe. The current paper reviews the relationship between calcium signals decoding elements and plant drought resistance as well as other abiotic stresses for further study. 相似文献
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植物逆境miRNA研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
包括生物和非生物在内的多种逆境胁迫是植物正常生长和作物产量提高的重要限制性因素。植物在长期的进化过程中, 通过诱导表达某些抵御或防卫途径的关键基因来实现对胁迫的响应。研究表明, 逆境胁迫不仅会诱导植物蛋白质编码基因的表达, 也会诱导一些非蛋白质编码基因的表达, 这类非蛋白质编码基因的表达产物在植物的生长、发育和应对逆境胁迫等过程中起到重要的调控作用。miRNA(小分子RNA)就是这类非蛋白质编码基因产物中的重要类群, 研究发现, 多种逆境均会诱导miRNA的产生, 其作用是通过引导目的基因mRNA的降解和阻止翻译过程来调控靶基因, 最终通过形态或生理上的变化达到对逆境的适应。文章主要对植物逆境胁迫下miRNA的研究, 特别是逆境胁迫诱导miRNA的产生、靶基因调控以及miRNA在植物适应逆境胁迫过程中的作用进行了综述, 同时, 文章还对在逆境胁迫下植物miRNA的研究方法进行了初步的探讨。 相似文献
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HD-Zip转录因子属于Homeobox蛋白家族, 是植物特异转录因子, 由高度保守的HD(Homeodomain)结构域和Leu zipper(Zip)元件组成, 前者与DNA特异结合, 后者介导蛋白二聚体的形成。HD-Zip转录因子家族包括4个亚家族(HD-Zip Ⅰ-Ⅳ), 其成员通过与其他蛋白互作、参与激素介导的信号途径, 从而调控植物生长发育、光形态建成、花发育、果实发育和植物对逆境应答等生物学过程。文章对近几年关于植物HD-Zip转录因子参与上述生物学功能方面的研究进行了综述, 以期对新功能基因的挖掘和应用研究以及HD-Zip调控机制的阐明奠定基础。 相似文献
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Strigolactones in plant adaptation to abiotic stresses: An emerging avenue of plant research 下载免费PDF全文
Weiqiang Li Kien Huu Nguyen Masayuki Fujita Lam‐Son Phan Tran 《Plant, cell & environment》2018,41(10):2227-2243
Phytohormones play central roles in boosting plant tolerance to environmental stresses, which negatively affect plant productivity and threaten future food security. Strigolactones (SLs), a class of carotenoid‐derived phytohormones, were initially discovered as an “ecological signal” for parasitic seed germination and establishment of symbiotic relationship between plants and beneficial microbes. Subsequent characterizations have described their functional roles in various developmental processes, including root development, shoot branching, reproductive development, and leaf senescence. SLs have recently drawn much attention due to their essential roles in the regulation of various physiological and molecular processes during the adaptation of plants to abiotic stresses. Reports suggest that the production of SLs in plants is strictly regulated and dependent on the type of stresses that plants confront at various stages of development. Recently, evidence for crosstalk between SLs and other phytohormones, such as abscisic acid, in responses to abiotic stresses suggests that SLs actively participate within regulatory networks of plant stress adaptation that are governed by phytohormones. Moreover, the prospective roles of SLs in the management of plant growth and development under adverse environmental conditions have been suggested. In this review, we provide a comprehensive discussion pertaining to SL‐mediated plant responses and adaptation to abiotic stresses. 相似文献
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ERF家族是植物所特有的APETALA2/乙烯响应因子(APETALA2/ethylene-responsive factor,AP2/ERF)转录因子家族的一个主要亚家族,其成员结构特点是仅含有1个58-60个氨基酸组成的AP2/ERF结构域。有关该家族成员的大多数研究集中在与寒、旱等非生物胁迫方面,最近越来越多的研究表明ERF在植物抵御病虫侵害等生物胁迫方面也发挥着重要作用。ERF亚家族成员通过结合下游互作基因启动子区域的GCC box元件,从而激活或抑制这些病程相关基因的表达。同时ERFs参与水杨酸(salicylic acid,SA)、茉莉酸(jasmonic acid,JA)、乙烯(ethylene,ET)及过氧化氢(H2O2)等多种激素的信号途径,通过相互促进/拮抗高效协调体内不同激素抵御病原菌的入侵,提高植物的抗病、抗虫性。本文综述了ERF转录因子的结构功能特点、在不同植物抗生物胁迫中的调控方式,以及其通过协调不同激素信号途径相互作用来提高植物抗病虫的最新研究进展,并对其应用前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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Stresses applied for the re-programming of plant microspores towards in vitro embryogenesis 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Mehran E. Shariatpanahi Ugur Bal Erwin Heberle-Bors Alisher Touraev 《Physiologia plantarum》2006,127(4):519-534
Microspore embryogenesis is the most commonly used method to produce doubled haploids. It is based on the ability of a single haploid cell, the microspore, to de-differentiate and regenerate into a whole plant after being exposed to stresses, such as low or high temperatures, carbon starvation and colchicine. Some stresses such as temperature treatments and carbon starvation have been used with success in many plant species, whereas others such as colchicine had limited application in a few species. Reports on the application of whole plant treatments with feminizing agents on inflorescences and buds are scarce. Furthermore, the technical means to apply some stresses such as γ-irradiation are not readily available. Recently, novel stresses such as pH, inducer chemicals, carrageenan oligosaccharides and heavy metals were reported to induce microspore embryogenesis. It remains to be seen, however, whether these stresses are effective in a wider range of species. Finally, pretreatment of cultured cells with high concentrations of 2,4-D efficiently induces somatic embryogenesis in several species (carrot, alfalfa). However, reports on the use of this particular chemical stress are not available in microspore embryogenesis. The paper presented here gives an overview of various stresses and mechanisms of action of these stresses in inducing microspore embryogenesis. 相似文献
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