一种快速定量检测益生菌制品中植物乳杆菌的方法

目的建立快速定量检测植物乳杆菌的方法,排除近缘菌的干扰。方法利用SMM系统筛选植物乳杆菌种特异序列,根据特异序列设计引物进行实时荧光定量PCR反应。结果设计的引物具有良好的种特异性,检测限为2．26×10^2CFU／mL。结论该方法快速灵敏,可以在实际生产中应用。     

多重PCR快速检测化妆品中三种致病菌的研究

利用多重PCR技术建立快速检测化妆品中三种致病菌的方法。根据已报道的大肠杆菌phoA基因、铜绿假单胞菌外膜蛋白基因oprL和金黄色葡萄球菌特异性序列SmaI选择特异性引物,对人工染菌化妆品进行多重PCR检测。结果显示,三种致病菌的基因组DNA均可与各自引物特异性结合,扩增产物大小分别为622 bp、504 bp和426 bp。该方法用于人工污染的化妆品中,大肠杆菌的检出限浓度为103 CFU/mL,铜绿假单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的检出限浓度为105 CFU/mL。作者建立的多重PCR方法可同时快速、特异地对化妆品中三种致病菌进行检测,在化妆品行业具有较大的应用价值。     

水产品中创伤弧菌和副溶血弧菌 双重PCR检测方法的建立

目的建立一种同步检测创伤弧菌和副溶血弧菌的双重PCR方法。方法选择副溶血弧菌tlh基因和创伤弧菌vvhA基因作为靶序列各设计一对引物。用合成的引物对副溶血弧菌和创伤弧菌进行双重PCR扩增,确定特异性和最低检出限。然后用此方法对53株副溶血弧菌和7株创伤弧菌进行检测。结果确定了双重PCR检测创伤弧菌和副溶血弧菌的最优反应条件,其中退火温度为60℃,方法具有较好的特异性。对副溶血弧菌的最低限为1.0×10~2 CFU/mL,创伤弧菌最低限为4.2×10~4 CFU/mL。双重PCR对分离株检测符合率达100%。结论建立的双重PCR方法简便、快速、特异性好,可同时检测副溶血弧菌和创伤弧菌,为水产品中病原菌的基层检测提供解决方案。     

食品中克罗诺杆菌属双重PCR检测试剂盒的评价

【背景】在食品安全领域,克罗诺杆菌属于需要重点监测的致病菌,当前随着分子检测相关技术的不断发展,研制有关食品中克罗诺杆菌简便、高效的检测产品至关重要。【目的】研制克罗诺杆菌检测的双重PCR检测试剂盒并评价其用于食品中克罗诺杆菌检测的实效性。【方法】优化双重PCR反应体系,反应试剂采用冻干工艺,确立了试剂盒组成,并评价其特异性、灵敏度、重复性、保质期等性能指标。【结果】克罗诺杆菌标准菌株和分离菌株均在目标位置出现两条明显条带,非克罗诺杆菌标准菌株和分离菌株均检测为阴性,纯基因组DNA检测灵敏度为2.3×10-1 ng/μL,纯培养菌检验限为3.2×104CFU/mL;对65份食品样品进行克罗诺杆菌检测,该试剂盒检测结果与标准方法检测结果一致性较高;批内、批间检测重复率均为100%,可在42°C环境放置120 h且其检测效力不受影响,4°C保质期可长达12个月。【结论】该试剂盒性能好,检测结果稳定、可靠,适用于食品中克罗诺杆菌的快速检测。     

特异性三重PCR快速检测副溶血性弧菌

【目的】建立同时检测副溶血性弧菌gyrase、tdh、trh基因的三重PCR快速检测方法。【方法】将已报道的这3种基因的引物加入一个PCR反应管中,对引物浓度和退火温度进行优化,找到最佳引物比例和扩增条件。通过特异性验证、灵敏度验证以及方法间对比进行方法确认,其PCR产物使用全自动毛细管电泳分析系统进行分析。【结果】仅在91、269、485 bp处分别出现预期DNA扩增条带;纯培养条件下,扩增gyrase、tdh、trh的菌浓度检测限分别为6.6×101、6.6×102和6.6×101 CFU/mL;本底干扰物存在时,扩增gyrase、tdh、trh的菌浓度检测限分别为6.6×103、6.6×104和6.6×103 CFU/mL;模板DNA浓度检测限为1.36μg/L。检测进境海产品时,检测结果和FDA 2004标准结果一致,且更易辨认和判断。【结论】此检测方法的成功建立,为副溶血性弧菌及携带tdh和/或trh基因的致病性副溶血性弧菌的检测提供了一种准确、高效、便捷的分子技术手段。     

乳及乳制品中阪崎肠杆菌PCR-DHPLC检测新技术的建立

为了应用PCR结合变性高效液相色谱(DHPLC)技术建立食品中阪崎肠杆菌的快速检测方法,根据阪崎肠杆菌16S-23S rRNA特异基因序列的特点设计特异性引物,PCR扩增的产物经DHPLC技术进行快速检测.以阪崎肠杆菌等59株参考菌株做特异性试验;阪崎肠杆菌菌株稀释成不同梯度,做灵敏度试验,结果表明该方法具有很好的特异性,方法灵敏度较高,检测低限可达到为25 CFU/mL;该方法可以快速、准确检测阪崎肠杆菌,是食品中致病菌快速检测的新技术.     

免疫捕获PCR法快速检测金黄色葡萄球菌

旨在建立一种快速检测金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus,SA)免疫捕获PCR技术,并探讨其灵敏度和特异性。SA特异性抗体包被PCR管以富集待测样品中目标菌,之后在同一PCR管里直接进行免疫捕获PCR,并和直接PCR比较。免疫捕获PCR法可特异性检测2株SA菌株,而无法检测到其它8种常见食源性致病菌,说明该方法对SA具有良好的特异性;该方法对纯菌液而言,检测灵敏度可达到2.35×102CFU/mL,是直接PCR的100倍;对5种食品模拟带菌检测发现,无需增菌培养,其灵敏度可达到2.35×103-2.35×104CFU/mL,是直接PCR的10-100倍。免疫捕获PCR法集免疫学与分子生物学检测技术于一体,具有高特异性、高灵敏度、检测快速、易于操作、成本低廉等诸多优点,是一种适合基层实验室使用的检测技术。     

应用实时荧光定量PCR方法定量检测双歧杆菌对Caco-2细胞的黏附

【目的】采用实时荧光定量PCR的方法定量分析黏附于Caco-2细胞的双歧杆菌,并建立一种快速有效分离黏附于细胞的细菌的方法。【方法】采用Triton X-100溶液处理黏附于Caco-2细胞上的菌体,确定获得最佳分离效果的处理时间;建立实时荧光定量PCR定量检测双歧杆菌的方法,获得标准曲线,进行特异性、灵敏度、重复性评价;应用建立的方法分析11株双歧杆菌对Caco-2细胞的黏附能力。【结果】Triton X-100处理黏附于Caco-2细胞的双歧杆菌的最佳作用时间为10 min。实时荧光定量PCR定量检测双歧杆菌的方法重复性好、特异性强、灵敏度高;起始模板浓度范围在104?108 CFU/mL之间具有良好的线形关系,相关系数>99%,在该浓度范围线性方程为：y=?3.345 2x+37.637 0。应用建立的方法定量分析双歧杆菌的黏附能力,与直接镜检法相比差异不显著(P>0.05),检测时间由48 h缩短至4 h。【结论】Triton X-100分离处理结合实时荧光定量PCR方法是一种快速、有效的检测双歧杆菌对Caco-2细胞黏附能力的方法。     

环介导等温扩增联合横向流动试纸条快速检测创伤弧菌检测方法的建立

环介导等温扩增技术(LAMP)与横向流动试纸条(LFD)检测联合应用,建立了一种新的快速、便捷的创伤弧菌检测方法。针对创伤弧菌的外膜蛋白TolC基因设计6条特异性引物和1条异硫氰酸荧光素(FITC)标记的探针。生物素标记的LAMP扩增产物能够特异性地与FITC标记的探针杂交,杂交产物经LFD检测。优化后的扩增温度和时间为63℃反应35 min,加上细菌基因组DNA提取步骤,完成检测仅需要80 min。LAMP-LFD方法可特异性地检出创伤弧菌,对哈维氏弧菌等9种水产品常见病原菌的检测均呈阴性;对纯细菌培养物的检测灵敏度为3.7×102 CFU/mL或7.4 CFU/反应,是利用外引物建立的常规PCR检测的100倍。结果表明,该方法能够准确、快速、灵敏地检出创伤弧菌,可应用于创伤弧菌污染的水产品的检测。     

乳及乳制品中肺炎克雷伯氏菌PCR-DHPLC检测新技术的建立

为了应用PCR结合变性高效液相色谱(DHPLC)技术建立乳品中肺炎克雷伯氏菌的快速检测方法,根据肺炎克雷伯氏菌16S-23S rRNA特异基因序列的特点设计特异性引物,PCR扩增的产物经DHPLC技术进行快速检测。以肺炎克雷伯氏菌等57株参考菌株做特异性试验;将肺炎克雷伯氏菌菌株稀释成不同梯度,做灵敏度试验。试验结果表明该方法具有很好的特异性,灵敏度较高,检测低限可达到100 CFU/mL,可以快速、准确检测肺炎克雷伯氏菌,是乳及乳制品中致病菌快速检测的新技术。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).