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1.
用中国汉族男性髋骨推断向往身高的研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
花锋  张继宗 《人类学学报》1994,13(2):138-142
本文研究了以中国汉族男性髋骨推断身高的方法。研究样本来自公安部第二研究所法医室近年收集的248对已知确切身高的汉族成年男性完整干燥髋骨。依据人体测量学方法,共测量了12项指标。相关分析表明,所测指标与身高的相关系数的统计学检验均有非常显著的意义。进而建立了髋骨推断身高的直线回归方程及多元回归方程。并用30对国人髋骨对各方程进行了盲测。结果表明,髋骨推算身高的直线回归方程。并用30对国人髋骨对各方程  相似文献   

2.
从中指骨长度推算身高的研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
作者对近年在华南地区收集的,已知生前身高的汉族成年男性骨骼的中指骨近节、中节进行了测量。用直线回归方程、多元回归方程对从中指骨长度推算身高进行了研究。并用50例国人骨骼标本对这些推算身高的方法作了检验。结果表明,中指骨与四肢大型长骨,以及从中指骨长度推算身高的直线回归方程与多元回归方程,对推算身高的价值都是相同的。  相似文献   

3.
中国汉族男性腰椎的身高推断   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
本文研究了中国汉族男性腰椎的测量及腰椎推断身高的方法,测量指标有:椎体前高,椎体后高、椎体上矢径,椎体下矢径,椎体上横径,椎体下横径,椎体中部横径,椎孔矢状径,椎孔横径,左侧椎弓根厚度。将各腰椎的测量数据与身高进行了相关分析并建立了中国汉族男性椎推断身的回归方程,本研究所建立的方程,可以用于中国汉族男性腰椎的身高推断。  相似文献   

4.
中国汉族女性长骨推断身高的研究   总被引:10,自引:4,他引:6  
张继宗 《人类学学报》2001,20(4):302-307
本文通过对中国汉族女性69副已知生前确切身高的四肢长骨的测量,研究了中国汉族女性四肢长骨推断身高的方法,建立了中国汉族女性上、下肢骨推断身高的一元回归方程,二元回归方程及三元回归方程。首次提出了中国汉族女性长骨推断身高的方法。  相似文献   

5.
中国汉族女性长骨碎片的身高推断   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
张继宗 《人类学学报》2002,21(3):219-224
本文作者通过对69副有生前确切资料的中国汉族女性四肢长骨的研究,在女性四肢长骨推断身高的基础上,参考国内外学者的研究方法,选择左右侧肱骨,尺骨,桡骨,股骨,胫骨,腓骨的局部测量项目,其中肱骨8项,尺骨3项,桡骨3项,股骨14项,胫骨8项,腓骨3项,用SPSS软件包对测量项目进行统计分析,建立了中国汉族女性破碎长骨推断身高的回归方程。本文所建方程可以用于中国汉族女性破碎长骨的身高推断,其中肱骨,股骨,胫骨碎片推断身高的效果较好。  相似文献   

6.
目的本文在于探讨用锁骨的某一项测量指标建立推算其最大长的回归方程,然后可根据所得值间接推断死者的身高.方法本地收集的75例成年男性尸体,按体质人类学测量方法,用人体测量仪器对其锁骨的各项指标进行测量,所得值用SPSS统计学软件分析处理.结果相关分析和回归分析,表明锁骨的各项指标与锁骨的最大长之间均有着非常显著性的关系存在,P<0.001.进而建立了相应的回归方程.结论在实际工作中,如果能测得锁骨残段的某一项指标,就可用所建立的回归方程推算其最大长,这在法医人类学上具有一定的参考价值.  相似文献   

7.
华南地区汉族成年男性肢带骨与身高关系的探讨   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
为了评价肢带骨推算身高的实用意义,我们测量了近年收集华南地区汉族成年男性、已知生前身高的50具骨骼的肢带骨。测量方法依吴汝康和吴新智的《人体骨骼测量方法》所定的标准。用测骨盘测量锁骨最大长、髋骨最大长,直脚规测量肩胛骨形态宽。应用相关与回归的计算方法,计算各肢带骨左、右侧及其左、右两侧平均值与身高的相关系数、回归系数,并建立了推算身高的回归方法。  相似文献   

8.
掌骨X线测量推断身高的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
随机选取在校健康大学生186人(男90人,女96人,年龄18-27岁),拍摄双手后前位372侧X线片,测量身高和掌骨的长与宽.通过掌骨和身高的测量,分析掌骨各参数与身高的关系,为人类学和法医学的身高推断积累研究资料.掌骨长与身高的相关性明显高于掌骨宽,其中男性第2掌骨长与身高相关性最高,其线性回归方程为Y_m=1097.320+9.337X;女性第3掌骨长与身高的相关性最高,其线性回归方程Y_f=1016.752+9.878X.男性第2掌骨长和女性第3掌骨长与身高的相关性最高,可分别作为推断身高的依据.  相似文献   

9.
由胸骨长度估算中国北方成年人身高的回归方程   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
调查了中国北方28具(男15、女13)汉族成年人尸体身高、胸骨全长、胸骨柄长和胸骨体长的均值,并计算了胸骨的长度与身高的相关系数。除男性胸骨全长高度相关外,其余皆为中度相关。由胸骨全长推算身高的回归方程式,较由胸骨柄长和胸骨体长推算身高的回归方程式,有较高的相关系数和较低的标准估计误差。由胸骨体长推算也较由胸骨柄长推算为佳。  相似文献   

10.
华南地区男性成年人由长骨长度推算身长的回归方程   总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1  
从近年来收集的华南地区汉族成年男性50具已知生前身长的骨骼材料,算出从各长骨推算身长的常数(a)及回归系数(b),并算出长骨长度与身高的相关系数(r)数值在0.516—0.913之间,表明相关度较为密切,在此基础上算出10个由各长骨的估计身长的回归方程。并采用校正值:0.6毫米×(年龄—30),校正因年龄所造成的身长误差。从肱骨、腓骨及肱骨加桡骨、股骨加胫骨的长度推算身长最为理想。本文所得的回归方程,适用于华南人。  相似文献   

11.
作者对近年在华南地区收集的70具成年男性完整骸骨的颅围、锁骨最大长、肩胛骨形态宽及髋骨最大长进行了测量。相关分析表明,各测量项目与身高的相关系数均有非常显著的意义(p<0.01)。进而建立了相应的回归方程。用70例已知生前身高的国人骸骨对这些回归方程进行了检验。结果表明,本文所建立的这些回归方程均有一定的实用价值。  相似文献   

12.
There are very few papers in forensic literature in which scapular dimensions have been used for estimation of living stature. Allowing the forensic duty to estimate the living stature of skeletal remains, using intact or fragmented scapulae, the Authors have performed multiple regression analysis between the measurements taken from 80 scapula (40 male and 40 female) belonging to a skeletal collection with anthropometric known data. Seven parameters (max length, max breadth, max acrocoracoid distance, length of acromion, max length of coracoid, length of glenoid cavity, width of glenoid cavity) have been recorded. By statistical analysis multiple and linear regressions have been obtained. The results show that living stature may be determined by using regression formulae of single or associated parameters taken from whole or fragmented scapulae. In absence of intact or fragmented long limb bones, scapula sample can be reliably employed for the estimation of stature in forensic practice.  相似文献   

13.
Techniques that are currently available for estimating stature and body mass from European skeletal remains are all subject to various limitations. Here, we develop new prediction equations based on large skeletal samples representing much of the continent and temporal periods ranging from the Mesolithic to the 20th century. Anatomical reconstruction of stature is carried out for 501 individuals, and body mass is calculated from estimated stature and biiliac breadth in 1,145 individuals. These data are used to derive stature estimation formulae based on long bone lengths and body mass estimation formulae based on femoral head breadth. Prediction accuracy is superior to that of previously available methods. No systematic geographic or temporal variation in prediction errors is apparent, except in tibial estimation of stature, where northern and southern European formulae are necessary because of the presence of relatively longer tibiae in southern samples. Thus, these equations should bebroadly applicable to European Holocene skeletal samples.  相似文献   

14.
Long bone length is one of the best-known indicators of human stature. Although the long bone length/height ratio differs in tall and short individuals, no detailed study has investigated whether specific formulae should be used to calculate height in different stature groups. This study proposes a new height estimation method. Body height and tibia length were measured in 121 male subjects aged 18.0-34.3 years. Three subgroups were established according to body height (short, medium, or tall), using the 15th and 85th percentiles as cutoff levels. The general formula and a group-specific regression formula were used to estimate height in each subgroup. A control group with the same properties as the study group was analyzed in the same manner. Particularly with "short" and "tall" subjects, the difference between true height and the height predicted by the group-specific formulae was smaller than the difference observed when the general formula was used. These discrepancies were statistically significant. When estimating height based on tibia length, the individual's general stature category should be taken into consideration, and group-specific formulae should be used for short and tall subjects.  相似文献   

15.
The pelvis is a sexually dimorphic structure and although the causes of that dimorphism have long been studied, relatively little is known regarding the effects of partuitive events on the magnitude of that dimorphism. Here, we use a sample of Mus musculus domesticus to contrast dimorphism in body length and os coxae size and shape between males and parous and nulliparous females. We also test for correlations between relative litter size (L/M) and relative offspring size (O/M) with body length and os coxae size and shape in parous females. Males had greater body length than nulliparous females but were not different from parous females. Females as a whole had the largest os coxae, with parous females having the largest and males the smallest. Os coxae shape was also significantly different between groups and was most divergent between parous females and males than between nulliparous females and males. Os coxae shape differences between females are associated with differences in body length between females and O/M is correlated with os coxae shape in parous females such that females with the largest offspring have the most divergent shapes along the relative warp one axis. Pelvic shape differences between males and females were consistent with previous findings in other taxa which identify the pubo‐ischial complex as the primary region of dimorphism. J. Morphol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.  相似文献   

16.
There are currently no methods for predicting body mass from juvenile skeletal remains and only a very limited number for predicting stature. In this study, stature and body mass prediction equations are generated for each year from 1 to 17 years of age using a subset of the Denver Growth Study sample, followed longitudinally (n = 20 individuals, 340 observations). Radiographic measurements of femoral distal metaphyseal and head breadth are used to predict body mass and long bone lengths are used to predict stature. In addition, pelvic bi-iliac breadth and long bone lengths are used to predict body mass in older adolescents. Relative prediction errors are equal to or smaller than those associated with similar adult estimation formulae. Body proportions change continuously throughout growth, necessitating age-specific formulae. Adult formulae overestimate stature and body mass in younger juveniles, but work well in 17-year-olds from the sample, indicating that in terms of body proportions they are representative of the general population. To illustrate use of the techniques, they are applied to the juvenile Homo erectus (ergaster) KNM-WT 15000 skeleton. New body mass and stature estimates for this specimen are similar to previous estimates derived using other methods. Body mass estimates range from 50 to 53 kg, and stature was probably slightly under 157 cm, although a precise stature estimate is difficult to determine due to differences in linear body proportions between KNM-WT 15000 and the Denver reference sample.  相似文献   

17.
Body size (stature and mass) estimates are integral to understanding the lifeways of past populations.Body size estimation of an archaeological skeletal sample can be problematic when the body size or proportions of the population are distinctive. One such population is that of the Holocene Later Stone Age (LSA) of southern Africa, in which small stature (mean femoral length = 407 mm, n = 52) and narrow pelves (mean bi‐iliac breadth = 210 mm, n = 50) produce a distinctive adult body size/shape, making it difficult to identify appropriate body size estimation methods. Material culture, morphology, and culture history link the Later Stone Age people with the descendant population collectively known as the Khoe‐San. Stature estimates based on skeletal “anatomical” linear measures (the Fully method) and on long bone length are compared, along with body mass estimates derived from “morphometric” (bi‐iliac breath/stature) and “biomechanical” (femoral head diameter) methods, in a LSA adult skeletal sample (n = 52) from the from coastal and near‐coastal regions of South Africa. Indices of sexual dimorphism (ISD) for each method are compared with data from living populations. Fully anatomical stature is most congruent with Olivier's femur + tibia method, although both produce low ISD. McHenry's femoral head body mass formula produces estimates most consistent with the bi‐iliac breadth/staturemethod for the females, although the males display higher degrees of disagreement among methods. These results highlight the need for formulae derived from reference samples from a wider range of body sizes to improve the reliability of existing methods. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.  相似文献   

18.
我国23个群体体质的聚类分析与主成分分析   总被引:8,自引:5,他引:3  
作者选取13项指标对我国23个群体体质特征进行了聚类分析与主成分分析,研究结果显示:23个群体可分为南方组、北方组和中间类群组。南方组与北方组的全质区别主要为体部的长度,宽度的差异,北方组各群体之间头面部指标值差异较大,南方组各组体之间头面部指标值则较为接近。  相似文献   

19.
佤族的体质特征   总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7  
调查了442例(男258例,女184例)佤族人的67项(观察项目9项,测量项目58项)体质人类学指标,计算了31项体质指数值,统计了部分指数的分型情况。研究结果显示:佤族人内眦褶率低(16.1%),上眼睑皱褶率高(96.8%),鼻根高度、鼻翼高度与上唇皮肤部高度均为中等型,耳垂多为圆型(58.1%),发色多为黑色,眼色多为褐色,肤色多为黄色。身高均数男为160.4cm,女为150.7cm,男女均为亚中等身材。体重均数男为54.9kg女为49.1kg。按指数分型标准,男女均以圆头型、高头型、阔头型、狭面型、狭鼻型、长躯干型、中腿型、中胸型出现率最高。此外,男性以宽肩型、中骨盆型出现率最高;女性的中肩型、窄骨盆型出现率最高。对包括佤族在内的我国32个人群(南、北方各16个人群)13项体质指标值主成分分析,结果显示佤族人身材矮小、纤瘦,面部及五官高度值较大,头长值较小,头面部及五官宽度值较大。佤族人具有蒙古人种南亚类型的体质特征。本文对佤族人体质特征形成的原因进行了初步分析。  相似文献   

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