分支系统学简评

分支系统学简评冷琴（中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所,南京２１０００８）周巍（南京市玄武区花园路,南京２１００３７）１前言分支（支序）系统学（Ｃｌａｄｉｓｔｉｃｓ,Ｃｌａｄｉｓｔｉｃｓｙｓｔｅｍａｔｉｃｓ）,又称系统发育分类学（ｐｈｙｌｏｇｅｎｅｔｉｃ...     

盐生隐杆藻胞外多糖含量的影响因子

盐生隐杆藻胞外多糖含量的影响因子欧瑜刘志礼（南京农业大学理学院生化室,南京２１００９５）（南京大学生物科学与技术系,南京２１００９３）ＳｅｖｅｒａｌｆａｃｔｏｒｓｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｉｎｇｅｘｏｐｏｌｙｓａｃｃｈａｒｉｄｅｃｏｎｔｅｎｔｓｏｆＡｐｈａｎｏ...     

杨树护田林带疏透度模型及应用

杨树护田林带疏透度模型及应用张纪林,吕祥生（江苏省林业科学研究所,南京２１１１５３）（江苏省农林厅林业局,南京２１１１５３）ＰｏｒｏｓｉｔｙＭｏｄｅｌｏｆＰｏｐｌａｒＦａｒｍｌａｎｄＳｈｅｌｔｅｒｂｅｌｔａｎｄＩｔｓＡｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎ￥ＺｈａｎｇＪｉｌｉｎ（Ｆｏｒｅｓｔｒｙｓｃｉｅｎｃｅａｎｄｔｅｃｈ－ｎｏｌｏｇｙｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＪｉａｎｇｓｕ）,ＬｕＸｉａｎｇｓｈｅｎｇ（ＦｏｒｅｓｔｒｙＢｕｒｅａｕ“ｏｆＪｉａｎｇｓｕＰｒｏｖｉｎｃｅ）．ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＪｏｕｒｎａｌｏｆＥｃｏｌｏｇｙ,１９９３,１２（５）：５６－６０。Ｉｎｔｈｉｓａｒｔｉｃｌｅ,ｔｈｅａｕｔｈｏｒｓａｔｆｉｒｓｔｍａｄｅｔｈｒｅｅ－ｐｒｉｎｃｉｐｌｅｄｓｅｌｅｃｔｉｏｎ,ｐａｒｔｉａｌｃｏｒｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎ,ｂｅｓｔｍｕｌｔｉ－ｐｒｉｎ－ｃｉｐｌｅｒｅｇｒｅｓｓｉｏｎｓｅｌｅｃｔｌｏｎｉｎｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｅ,Ｓｅｃｏｎｄｌｙｏｎｔｈｅｂａｓｉｓｏｆｒｅｓｉｄｕａｌａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ,ｔｈｅａｕｔｈｏｒｓｍａｄｅｔｅｓｔｏｆｈｉｇｈｌｅｖｅｒａｇｅｃａｓｅ,ｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅｃａｓｅａｎｄｏｕｔｌｉｅｒｏｎｓａｍｐｌｅ     

作物对太阳紫外线辐射增加的生物效应及其评估

作物对太阳紫外线辐射增加的生物效应及其评估郑有飞,杨志敏,颜景义,万长建（南京气象学院,南京２１００４４）Ｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｒｅｓｐｏｎｓｅｏｆｃｒｏｐｓｏｎｅｎｈａｎｃｅｄｓｏｌａｒｕｌｔｒａｖｉｏｌｅｔｒａｄｉａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｉｔｓｅｓｔｉｍａ...     

棒毛荠属属名的考证及其属模式学名的订正

棒毛荠属属名的考证及其属模式学名的订正陆莲立（江苏省植物研究所,南京２１００１４）（中国科学院植物研究所,南京２１００１４）ＴｈｅｉｄｃｎｔｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｒｅｖｉｓｉｏｎｏｎｔｈｅｇｅｎｕｓＣｏｃｈｌｅａｒｉｏｐｓｉｓＹ．Ｈ．Ｚｈａｎｇａｎ...     

工业固体废弃物的急性生物毒性研究

工业固体废弃物的急性生物毒性研究谢思琴,顾宗濂,周德智（中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京２１０００８）Ａｃｕｔｅｂｉｏｔｏｘｉｃｉｔｙｏｆｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｉａｌｓｏｌｉｄｗａｓｔｅｓ￥．ＸｉｅＳｉｑｉｎ;ＧｕＺｏｎｇｌｉａｎａｎｄＺｈｏｕＤｅｚｈｉ（Ｉｎ...     

杂种鹅掌楸叶解剖结构特征的识别

杂种鹅掌楸叶解剖结构特征的识别叶金山周守标王章荣（南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院,南京２１００３７）ＤｉｓｃｒｉｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎｏｆｌｅａｆａｎａｔｏｍｉｃｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｏｆｔｈｅＣｈｉｎｅｓｅｔｕｌｉｐｔｒｅｅｈｙｂｒｉｄｓＹｅＪｉｎＳｈａ...     

心叶留兰香的挥发油成分

心叶留兰香的挥发油成分周自新, 桂新（南京市卫生防疫站,南京２１０００３）（安徽中医学院中药系,合肥２３００３８）Ｔｈｅｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｃｏｍｐｏｎｅｎｔｓｉｎｔｈｅｅｓｓｅｎｔｉａｌｏｉｌｓｆｒｏｍｍｅｎｔｈａｃｏｒｄｉｆｏｌｉａ￥ＺｈｏｕＺｉ－Ｘ?..     

荒漠沙蜥的年龄划分

荒漠沙蜥的年龄划分徐海根（国家环保局南京环境科学研究所,２１００４２）杨凤翔,宋志明（兰州大学,７３００００）（四川大学,成都６１００６４）ＡｇｅＤｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｉａｔｉｏｎｏｆＰｈｒｙｎｏｃｅｐｈａｌｕｓｐｒｚｅｗａｌｓｋｉｉｏｎＤｅｓｃｒｔｓ￥．ＸｕＨａｉｇｅｎ（ＮａｎｊｉｎｇＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＥｎｕｉｒｏｎ－ｍｅｎｔａｌＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ,２１００４２）,ＹａｎｇＦｅｎｇｘｉａｎｇ（ＬａｎｚｈｏｕＵｎｉｕｅｒｓｉｔｙ,７３００００）,ＳｏｎｇＺｈｉｍｉｎｇ（ＳｉｃｈｕａｎＵｎｉｕｅｒ－ｓｉｔｙ,Ｃｈｅｎｇｄｕ６１００６４）．ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＪｏｕｒｎａｌｏｆＥｃｏｌｏｇｙ,１９９３,１２（４）：３０－３２．Ｕｓｉｎｇｍａｒｋ－ｒｅｃａｐｔｕｒｅｍｅｔｈｏｄａｎｄａｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇｔｏｔｈｅｓｎｏｕｔ－ｖｅｎｔｌｅｎｇｔｈｇｒｏｗｔｈｐａｔｔｅｒｎ,ｆｉｖｅａｇｅｇｒｏｕｐｓｏｆＰｈｒｙ,ｉｏｃｅｐｈａｌｕｓｐｒｚｅｗａｌｓｋｉｉｏｎｄｅｓｅｒｔｓａｒｅｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｉａｔｅｃｄ．Ａｎｄｂａｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｄａｔａｏｆｌｉｚａｒｄｓｍｏｒｐｈｏｌｏ－ｇｙ,ｔｈｅｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｔｙｏｆＰｈｒｙｎｏｃ     

一种非基因效应的遗传机制

一种非基因效应的遗传机制祝其昌（江苏省农业科学院经济作物研究所,南京２１００１４）ＡＮｏｎｇｅｎｉｃＨｅｒｅｄｉｔａｒｙＭｅｃｈａｎｉｓｍＺｈｕＱｉｃｈａｎｇ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＥｃｏｎｏｍｉｃＣｒｏｐｓ,ＪｉａｎｇｓｕＡｃａｄｅｍｙｏｆＡｇｒｉ...     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV     

Similar aerosol emission rates and viral loads in upper respiratory tracts for COVID-19 patients with Delta and Omicron variant infection

Highlights
1 Aerosol emission rates of Delta or Omicron patients were similar.
2 Viral loads in upper respiratory tract of Alpha, Delta and Omicron patients were similar.
3 Viral loads in upper respiratory tract of vaccinated or unvaccinated Delta patients had no difference.     

Recombinant human interferon-α1b inhibits SARS-CoV-2 better than interferon-α2b in vitro

Highlights
1) A comprehensive evaluation method for anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs was established based on RT-qPCR, TCID₅₀ method, and immunofluorescence.
2) A significant antiviral effect of rHuIFN-α1b was shown with EC₅₀=0.12 IU/mL in Vero cells and EC₅₀=0.52 IU/mL in Calu-3 cells, which was better than rHuIFN-α2b (EC₅₀=0.25 IU/mL in Vero cells and EC₅₀=2.48 IU/mL in Calu-3 cells).
3) rHuIFN-α1b has a good potential in the application of anti-COVID-19 therapy.     

Continued antigenic variation of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in laying hens in China, 2020–2021

Highlights
1. 13 strains of H7N9 viruses from laying hens in 2020 and 2021 were identified.
2. H7N9 viruses in China comprised at least 11 genotypes.
3. H7N9 viruses are high pathogenic in chickens, not in ducks.
4. The most H7N9 viruses cross-reacted poorly with H7-Re3 antiserum.
5. The H7-Re3 vaccine was unable to prevent H7N9 infection.