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1.
木聚糖酶生产菌株的筛选及产酶条件的优化   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
以甘蔗渣半纤维素为碳源,从垃圾场土壤中分离到6株分解半纤维素的菌株。通过固态发酵的木聚糖酶活力比较筛选到1株木聚糖酶活力较高的菌株。该菌株18S rDNA序列与曲霉(Aspergillus sp.)的同源性达97%,根据对菌株形态学分析和18S rDNA序列分析的结果,将该菌株鉴定为曲霉HQ3。HQ3的最佳产酶条件为:甘蔗渣:麸皮为7:3(W/W),固液比为1:4(W/W),尿素0.4 %,pH7.0,温度30℃,发酵产酶时间4 d。在最佳产酶条件下,其木聚糖酶活最高可达3421U/g干曲。  相似文献   

2.
钱和  葛向阳 《微生物学通报》2009,36(1):0009-0013
本研究首次利用酿酒酵母Z-06和米曲霉L-09作为混合菌株, 并通过对液态发酵培养基成分的优化, 使α-半乳糖苷酶和转化酶活力分别达到85.22 U/mL和 563.44 U/mL, 比单菌株发酵产酶活分别提高了5.9倍和8.3倍。  相似文献   

3.
本研究首次利用酿酒酵母Z-06和米曲霉L-09作为混合菌株,并通过对液态发酵培养基成分的优化,使α-半乳糖苷酶和转化酶活力分别达到85.22 U/mL和563.44 U/mL.比单菌株发酵产酶活分别提高了5.9倍和8.3倍.  相似文献   

4.
蛋白酶产生菌的筛选和紫外诱变育种   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的:筛选水产品加工用蛋白酶产生菌,为酶的的分子改造和水产品加工提供材料基础.方法:通过在富含水产品蛋白的场所的针对性采样,菌落平板筛选结合发酵上清液平板验证以及Folin-酚试剂定量检测确认筛选结果,并通过紫外诱变提高产中性蛋白酶菌株的产酶能力.结果:从12份土样中分离187株具有明显蛋白酶活性的单菌落.在挑取的11株透明圈明显的蛋白酶产生菌中,菌株W9在所有菌株中可以稳定产生较高的蛋白酶酶活力,约为1 594U/ml.通过对其进行紫外诱变后,在突变株中筛选得到一株酶活约为1 845U/ml的 W9UV突变株,比野生菌株酶活提高了15.6%.结论:突变菌株W9UV可稳定产生较高的蛋白酶酶活力,发酵性能优良.  相似文献   

5.
对烟色烟管菌(Bjerkandera fumosa 5.0172)的孢子悬浮液进行紫外诱变筛选得到一株诱变株ZW-7,其产漆酶的活力是原始菌株的1.33倍,继代培养5代后,未见酶活下降。将诱变株ZW-7的孢子悬浮液用60Co-γ射线进行辐射诱变筛选得到一株诱变株Co-11,其产漆酶的活力是ZW-7的1.18倍,为380.5 U/L,较原始菌株的250.6 U/L提高了约58.1%,继代培养5代后,酶活稳定。  相似文献   

6.
传统郫县豆瓣酱中高产蛋白酶曲霉的筛选及应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
【背景】米曲霉通过蛋白酶的作用将大分子蛋白质分解为蛋白胨、多肽及氨基酸等营养物质。豆瓣酱的一个重要指标氨基态氮含量则直接由蛋白酶决定,因此米曲霉在豆瓣酱发酵中有着至关重要的作用。【目的】筛选一种高产蛋白酶豆瓣酱专用菌株,研究其发酵豆瓣酱品质的改良效果。【方法】以自然发酵成曲为原料,筛选高产蛋白酶的霉菌。以筛选菌株为曲种发酵制曲,进一步发酵甜瓣子,测定制曲过程中霉菌增长速度和蛋白酶增长速度,通过发酵甜瓣子氨基态氮、挥发性风味物质等指标的测定分析菌株发酵甜瓣子品质的改进效果。【结果】筛选得到17株高产蛋白酶的霉菌,其中菌株PCSM002制曲生长速度最快,PCSM001和PCSM002号菌株产蛋白酶能力最强,麸皮培养基中培养3 d蛋白酶酶活分别为1 450.25、1 703.25 U/g。PCSM001和PCSM002发酵24 d甜瓣子氨基态氮含量达到0.86μg/kg以上,且发酵的甜瓣子香气浓郁、口感丰富。两株菌均已送至广东省微生物菌株保藏中心保藏,保藏编号分别为GDMCC 60198和GDMCC 60199。【结论】筛选得到的高产蛋白酶霉菌有望用于豆瓣酱的发酵,作为豆瓣酱发酵专用菌株,以提高豆瓣酱品质。  相似文献   

7.
黑曲霉产纤维素酶的研究   总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16  
从土壤中筛选获得一株产纤维素酶的优良菌株黑曲霉Asp.n-21,采用固体培养产生纤维素酶,产酶活力FPA137U/g干曲、GMCase320~388U/g干曲、β-葡萄糖苷酶84~149U/g干曲,对培养基成份进行优化,并分析其酶系组成,该菌所产酶可作为饲料用酶。  相似文献   

8.
从茶树内生真菌筛选产漆酶的菌株,分析不同营养因素和培养条件对菌株漆酶酶活力的影响。采用6种显色底物的平板初筛和酶活测定的复筛方法,从15株茶树内生真菌菌株中筛选获得1株产漆酶酶活较高的菌株CSN 4。单因素分析结果显示,液态发酵条件下菌株CSN-4适宜的主要培养基成分是麸皮和蛋白胨;菌株CSN-4分别在麸皮30 g/L、蛋白胨2.5 g/L、CuSO4·5H2O 0.015 g/L和茶水6 g/L时发酵产漆酶酶活最高。发酵条件试验结果表明,菌株CSN-4分别在接种量为6个菌饼(直径6 mm)、装液量60 mL/250 mL、pH 4.8、摇床转速120 r/min,培养温度为28 ℃时产漆酶酶活较高。在培养基中添加麸皮和茶水对菌株CSN-4产漆酶有明显的促进作用。经过培养基成分及培养条件优化后,菌株CSN 4产漆酶酶活显著升高,达到2 417 U/L。  相似文献   

9.
土壤中高产蛋白酶菌株产酶条件及酶学性质   总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
【背景】微生物蛋白酶已经成为工业用蛋白酶的主要来源,筛选具有特殊环境适应性的微生物成为生物酶资源的开发热点。【目的】通过对青藏高原土壤微生物产蛋白酶菌株的筛选、优化及相关特性研究,寻找新的蛋白酶资源,为高原菌种资源利用提供科学依据。【方法】采用形态学和分子生物学对筛选菌株进行菌种鉴定,利用单因素试验和正交试验对菌株进行发酵条件优化及酶学性质的探究。【结果】筛选出一株高产蛋白酶菌株XC2,经鉴定菌株XC2为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)。XC2最优产酶条件:可溶性淀粉4.0%,牛肉膏1.0%,K~+0.6%,培养温度34°C、初始pH 7.0、接种量2.0%的条件下200 r/min振荡培养13 h,所产蛋白酶活力最高为638.5 U/mL。XC2所产蛋白酶最适反应温度60°C,最适pH9.0;40-50°C、pH8.0-10.0条件下酶活稳定性较高;Mn~(2+)对酶活力有明显激活作用,而Zn~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Fe~(2+)、Fe3+对酶活力有明显抑制作用。【结论】枯草芽孢杆菌XC2有较强的产碱性蛋白酶的能力,具有较好的应用前景。  相似文献   

10.
紫外诱变选育米曲霉高产蛋白酶菌株   总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16       下载免费PDF全文
郭继平  马莺 《微生物学通报》2007,34(2):0246-0250
以从自然发酵黄豆酱中筛选的5株野生米曲霉为供试菌株,以这些菌株产蛋白酶(酸、中、碱)、淀粉酶(α-淀粉酶、糖化酶)活力大小为评价标准,筛选出米曲霉K61作为诱变出发菌株。采用紫外诱变对米曲霉K61菌株进行改造,最终筛选出一株蛋白酶活力高且遗传性能稳定的突变株Y29。将米曲霉Y29菌株应用于黄豆酱的生产中,并与目前工业生产中广泛应用的米曲霉沪酿3.042菌株进行比较。性能实验结果表明米曲霉Y29菌株的蛋白酶(酸、中、碱)活力明显高于米曲霉沪酿3.042菌株,但α-淀粉酶、糖化酶、生长速度和孢子数这4个指标两者的差异并不显著;制酱品质试验结果表明,米曲霉Y29菌株的酱香更浓郁一些,氨基酸态氮含量达到0.77g/100mL,高于米曲霉沪酿3.042菌株,其它指标均符合国家标准GB2718-1996。  相似文献   

11.
The production of alkaline protease of Aspergillus oryzae U1521 was examined in liquid culture. In a culture of defatted soybean only, it gave satisfactory enzyme yields at 584,000 U/g defatted soybean. When various carbohydrates were supplemented, enzyme production was significantly increased. An increase in production by lactose was the most marked. Enrichment with casitone or casein increased productivity, but not cornsteep solid. Media formulation (g/L) of defatted soybean 10, lactose 5, casitone 1, and KH(2)PO(4) 5 enhanced alkaline protease production by A. oryzae U1521 to a maximum of 1,410,000 U/g defatted soybean. Scaling-up experiments indicated the flask-scale results could be reproduced at 40 g of substrate in 5-L fermenter. The enzyme activity was maximum between pH 8-9 and at a temperature of 45 degrees C.  相似文献   

12.
米曲霉是一种重要的微生物,在食品、酿造、商业酶和医用蛋白的生产中具有广泛的应用,该菌被美国食品与药品管理局(FDA)认定为GRAS(generally regarded as safe)级。讨论了提高同源和异源蛋白在米曲霉中表达量的几种策略,包括使用强启动子、多拷贝编码基因、优化培养基和超表达血红素结构域(HBD)等。异源蛋白容易被米曲霉蛋白酶降解,表达量往往较低,因此使用蛋白酶缺陷型宿主菌是非常必要的。另外将外源蛋白与米曲霉高分泌蛋白融合表达也是提高异源蛋白产量的有效途径。  相似文献   

13.
脂肪酶在水相和非水相中都具有催化活性,在众多工业领域应用前景十分广阔。但脂肪酶的生产成本仍然过高,限制了其在某些工业领域的大规模使用。固体发酵因具有设备比较简单、能耗低、成本低、对环境危害小、易于推广等诸多优点,已逐渐成为微生物脂肪酶生产的一个重要方式。由于能源成本的抬高和人们环保意识的加强,自上世纪90年代以来,原来一直认为技术含量较低的固态发酵技术重新受到重视并得到了快速的发展。综述了固态发酵在脂肪酶生产中的应用研究,重点介绍了固态发酵生产脂肪酶的特点、脂肪酶固态发酵的影响因素及其生物反应器。  相似文献   

14.
A serine proteinase having an activity optimum at pH 6.7-8.2 has been isolated from amylorisine P-10x (a mixture of Aspergillus oryzae enzymes) by chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex A-50 and bacitracin Sepharose 4B. The proteinase is fully inactivated by phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride and diisopropylfluorophosphonate, the specific inhibitors of the enzyme, and has a pI at pH 7.5. The molecular mass of serine proteinase is 30000 Da; its amino acid composition appears as: Met2, Asp33, Thr18, Ser29, Glu21, Pro9, Glu32, Ala38, Val24, Ile16, Leu15, Tyr8, Phe8, His8, Lys18, Arg4, Trp6. The N-terminal sequence of the serine proteinase: Gly-Leu-Thr-Thr-Gln-Lys-Ser-Ala-Pro-Trp-Gly-Leu-Gly-Ser-Ile-Ser-Xaa-Lys- Gly-Gln-Gln-Ser-Thr-Asp-Tyr-Ile-Tyr, which coincides practically completely with the corresponding sequence of alkaline proteinase of A. oryzae, ATCC20386, has been determined. Similar to subtilisin, the enzyme catalyzes the condensation of leucine and alanine p-nitroanilides with N-benzyloxycarbonyl-alanyl-alanine and glycyl-alanine methyl esters.  相似文献   

15.
To optimize the immobilization conditions for acid proteinase from Aspergillus awamori by covalent binding through glutaraldehyde, experiments were carried out using the Box-Wilson method. The optimization process was assessed on the basis of absolute activity A, coefficient of activity retention gamma and their product A gamma. The following conditions can be recommended: glutaraldehyde concentration 50--60 mg/g, enzyme concentration not less than 40 mg/g, time of glutaraldehyde treatment 2--2.5 hrs, immobilization time 2 hrs, pH about 4.0, and temperature 35--40 degrees C. Under these conditions A=220--230 U/g, gamma = 23--24% Agamma = 5,000--6,000.  相似文献   

16.
The extracellular proteinases of Aspergillus oryzae EI 212 were separated into two active fractions by (NH4)2SO4 and ethanol fractionation followed by diethylaminoethyl-Sephadex A-50 and hydroxyapatite chromatography. The molecular weight was estimated by gel filtration to be about 70,000 and 35,000 for proteinases I and II, respectively. Optimum pH for casein and hemoglobin hydrolysis was 6.5 at 60 C for proteinase I and 10.0 at 45 C for proteinase II, and for gelatin hydrolysis it was 6.5 at 45 C for both enzymes. The enzymes were stable over the pH range 6 to 8 at 30 C for 60 min. The enzyme activity for both the proteinases was accelerated by Cu2+ and inhibited by Fe2+, Fe3+, Hg2+, and Ag+. Halogenators (e.g., N-chlorosuccinimide) and diisopropyl fluorophosphate inhibited proteinase II. Sulfhydryl reagents such as p-chloromercuribenzoate and iodoacetate inhibited proteinase I. Sulfhydryl compounds accelerated the action of both enzymes.  相似文献   

17.
Protoplasts of Aspergillus oryzae 3.481 and Aspergillus niger 3.316 were prepared using cellulose and snail enzyme with 0.6 M NaCl as osmotic stabilizer. Protoplast fusion has been performed using 35% polyethylene glycol 4.000 with 0.01 mM CaCl2. The fused protoplasts have been regenerated on regeneration medium and fusants were selected for further studies. An intracellular beta-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21) was purified from the protoplast fusant of Aspergillus oryzae 3.481 and Aspergillus niger 3.316 and characterized. The enzyme was purified 138.85-fold by ammonium sulphate precipitation, DE-22 ion exchange and Sephadex G-150 gel filtration chromatography with a specific activity of 297.14 U/mg of protein. The molecular mass of the purified enzyme was determined to be about 125 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzyme had an optimum pH of 5.4 and temperature of 65 degrees C, respectively. This enzyme showed relatively high stability against pH and temperature and was stable in the pH range of 3.0-6.6. Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and EDTA completely inhibited the enzyme activity at a concentration of 10 mM. The enzyme activity was accelerated by Fe3+. The enzyme activity was strongly inhibited by glucose, the end product ofglucoside hydrolysis. The K(m) and V(max) values against salicin as substrate were 0.035 mM and 1.7215 micromol min(-1), respectively.  相似文献   

18.
【目的】分离纯化米曲霉蛋白酶的主要组分,分析其酶学特性,并应用于酪蛋白磷酸肽(Casein phosphopeptides,CPPs)的制备。【方法】采用硫酸铵盐析、DEAE-Sepharose FF阴离子交换层析和Butyl-sepharose HP疏水层析对米曲霉蛋白酶进行分离纯化,SDS-PAGE检测分子量与纯度,MALDI-TOF-MS检测酶切位点。【结果】得到一种蛋白酶组分(命名为PE),分子量大小为58 kD左右。该酶最适反应条件为55 °C,pH 8.0,酶活被Fe3+抑制,被Mn2+激活。以酪蛋白为底物时,Km=0.36 g/L,最大反应速率Vm=18.18 mg/(L?min)。蛋白酶PE对牛胰岛素B链上-Leu-Cys-、-Val-Glu-、-Tyr-Leu-和-Arg-Gly-组成的肽键有较高的切割能力,酶切位点较多。利用其水解酪蛋白,通过钡-乙醇沉淀法得到CPPs,产率为15.87%,摩尔氮磷比r (N/P)为6.17,得到的CPPs可以使钙沉淀推迟35 min。【结论】利用米曲霉蛋白酶水解酪蛋白产生CPPs,为其在功能性食品加工方面的应用提供有利的参考。  相似文献   

19.
利用黑曲霉固态发酵啤酒糟生产饲料复合酶的研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
以啤酒糟为主要基质,利用黑曲霉固态发酵生产酸性蛋白酶、木聚糖酶和纤维素酶等多种饲料复合酶,研究了黑曲霉固态发酵培养基组成对复合酶酶活的影响,确定最优培养基配方为:啤酒糟75%,麸皮25%,硫酸铵1%,KH_2PO_4 0.2%,MnSO_4 0.1%、ZnSO_4 0.2%,料水比1:2。在适宜的发酵条件下,经30℃发酵5 d,烘干后得到的复合酶制剂中,具有多种酶活性(以干基计)。其中酸性蛋白酶活力3 800 U/g,木聚糖酶活力12 00 U/g和纤维素酶活力18 U/g。  相似文献   

20.
By immobilizing fungi on a urethane foam carrier (UFC), a novel solid-state fermentation system was developed in order to produce repeatedly industrial useful enzymes. In this study, alkaline protease was produced by growing Aspergillus oryzae 460 (ATCC 20386) in a flask scale. Repeated batch production of alkaline protease was carried out by exchanging a part of the culture broth with fresh medium every 12 hr. The effects of feeding medium composition, and feeding volume were examined. Alkaline protease production stopped in the early phase at high values of soluble starch feeding rate and culture broth dilution rate. The enzyme production continued longer when 10 to 30 g/l polypepton was added to the feeding medium. Using soluble starch solution as feeding medium, a maximum activity of 520,000 U/l-bulk volume alkaline protease was obtained at culture time of 168 hr where the culture conditions of soluble starch concentration and feeding volume were 100 g/l and 0.025 l/l-bulk volume/dose, respectively. Production of the enzyme continued for 300 hr and total aklaline protease activity reached 870,000 U/l-bulk volume by adding 30 g/l polypepton to the fresh medium.  相似文献   

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