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1.
对一组病理相关蛋白基因在烟草中的表达情况进行了研究,包括;碱性几丁质酶,β-1,3-葡萄糖苷酶,渗透蛋白及伸展蛋白。RNA杂交实验表明在正常烟草植株中上述4个基因具有发育和器官专一性的表达。在含有细胞分裂素生物合成基因的转基因烟草丛生芽中,这4个基因的表达受过量合成的内源细胞分裂素和载体效应的共同调节,细胞分裂素降低这些基因的表达,而载体效应则促进它们的表达。  相似文献   

2.
昆虫几丁质酶基因的分子特性概述   总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1  
樊东  赵奎军  张杰 《昆虫知识》2005,42(4):364-369
昆虫几丁质酶是分解昆虫体壁和中肠围食膜几丁质的重要酶类。已从烟草天蛾、家蚕等多种昆虫中分离到几丁质酶的cDNA和DNA序列。昆虫几丁质酶基因有着相似的分子特性,这些特性可为构建杀虫工程菌及转几丁质酶基因植物奠定基础。作者结合自己在该领域的工作,着重就昆虫几丁质酶基因结构特点,基因的拷贝数,基因在体内的时空表达以及异源表达及活性测定等多个方面的研究方法和研究进展进行了较为全面地介绍。  相似文献   

3.
利用烟草碱性β-1,3-葡聚糖酶及菜豆碱性几丁质酶基因构建了组成型表达的双价植物表达载体pBLGC,利用农杆菌介导法转化了烟草,并得到了转基因植株。对其进行分子生物学分析的结果表明,部分转基因植株在所有检测中都显示较强的阳性反应,这说明外源基因已整合到烟草基因组中得到正确表达。活体接菌实验初步表明,转基因植株与对照相比,对赤星病的侵染具有较强的抵抗能力。  相似文献   

4.
对一组病理相关蛋白基因在烟草 ( N icotiana tabacum cv. Wisconsin 38)中的表达情况进行了研究 ,包括 :碱性几丁质酶、β- 1 ,3-葡萄糖苷酶、渗透蛋白及伸展蛋白。RNA杂交实验表明在正常烟草植株中上述 4个基因具有发育和器官专一性的表达。在含有细胞分裂素生物合成基因的转基因烟草丛生芽中 ,这 4个基因的表达受过量合成的内源细胞分裂素和载体效应的共同调节 ,细胞分裂素降低这些基因的表达 ,而载体效应则促进它们的表达。热激处理也明显降低这 4种基因的表达水平。上述结果表明这些病理相关蛋白基因具有复杂的调控系统  相似文献   

5.
双价抗虫基因植物表达载体的构建   总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13  
将蝎毒基因BmKITS和几丁质酶基因chitinase2个抗虫基因采用不同的启动子ubi或35S,连到2个高效的植物表达载体pWM101和pBI101中,2个重组表达质粒分别经过限制性酶切分析和PCR鉴定,实验结果表明2个含有双价抗虫基因的植物重组表达质粒均已构建成功.  相似文献   

6.
几丁质酶在降解几丁质的过程中起着重要作用,目前人们已从不同微生物体中分离并克隆出了多种几丁质酶基因。实验以pET-22b( )为载体,利用从粘质沙雷氏菌(Serratia marcescens)克隆出的chiB基因,构建出原核生物表达载体pET-chiB。通过表达载体pET-chiB的诱导表达,实验结果显示该基因表达的蛋白为可溶性蛋白,其分子量约为52 kD。利用不同参数包括时间、IPTG浓度和温度诱导表达载体pET-chiB表达并对表达产物进行SDS-PAGE分析,结果显示其诱导表达的最佳参数分别为4 h,0.5 mmol/L和25℃。这些结果为几丁质酶基因的进一步研究和几丁质酶工程菌生产奠定了良好的工作基础。  相似文献   

7.
以西瓜尖镰孢菌诱导、提纯的豇豆抗真菌 I类几丁质酶 N端前 1 0个氨基酸序列测定的基础上 ,设计合成了引物 ,运用 PCR等分子生物学技术 ,从豇豆基因组中分离克隆了该特异几丁质酶成熟蛋白基因 ,测定分析了其全序列。该新基因全长 894bp,无内含子 ;具 Aat I、Aat II、Bgl I、Dpn I、Dpn II、Eco R II、Hae I、Hae II、Hae III、Hinf I、Hpa II、Mae II、Mae III、Nba I、Oxa I和 Sst IV酶切位点 43个 ;豇豆、Vigna unguiculata、菜豆、豌豆、烟草、小麦、水稻的同源性依次递减。扩增克隆了菜豆几丁质酶信号肽基因 ,并将其与豇豆几丁质酶成熟蛋白基因连接 ,再与 p BI1 2 1重组 ,成功构建了特异几丁质酶基因的植物表达载体 ,为进一步培育抗真菌病转基因西瓜新品种打下了坚实基础。  相似文献   

8.
昆虫几丁质酶是昆虫几丁质代谢不可或缺的关键酶类。本研究旨在构建美洲大蠊几丁质酶Pa Cht1基因原核表达载体,纯化并鉴定Pa Cht1重组蛋白,为后续酶活等测定奠定基础。定向克隆Pa Cht1基因成熟肽序列至原核表达载体pET32a(+)上,将构建成功的pET32a-Cht1重组表达质粒导入大肠埃希菌Rosetta中,分别对诱导剂IPTG浓度和诱导时间进行优化,确定最佳诱导浓度和诱导时间,并对表达产物进行可溶性分析。表达产物经镍离子柱纯化后通过Western Blot鉴定。结果表明,美洲大蠊几丁质酶Pa Cht1成熟肽基因编码区长1 083 bp,编码360个氨基酸。最佳诱导浓度和诱导时间分别为0.2 mmol/L和4 h。所得重组蛋白大小约60 k D,与预期结果大小一致,重组蛋白主要以包涵体的形式存在。Western Blot鉴定重组蛋白可与6×His-tag单克隆抗体特异性结合。说明成功构建了原核表达载体pET32a-Cht1,并诱导表达获得了重组几丁质酶蛋白。  相似文献   

9.
几丁质酶表达质粒pKChiA和pMChiA的构建及表达   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
从质粒pLCHIA中切出含粘质沙雷氏菌(Serratia marcescens)几丁质酶基因(chiA)的1.8kb HinfI片段,将其插入到表达载体pKK223-3强启动子Ptac下游的SmaI位点内,构建成几丁质酶表达质粒pKChiA。再用内切酶BamHI从pKChiA质粒中切出2.1kb Ptac-ChiA片段,并将其重组到质粒pMC71A的单一BamHI位点内,构建成另一种几丁质酶表达质粒pMChiA。这两种质粒可在大肠杆菌HB101和JM105中高效表达,几丁质酶表达水平比质粒pLCHIA高1-3倍。  相似文献   

10.
王华  周鹏 《西北植物学报》2002,22(2):250-256
几丁质酶(Chitinase,Chi.)、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶(β-1,3-Glucanase,Glu.)和萝卜抗真菌蛋白(Rs-AFP2)是植物体内正常的表达产物,它们对防御植物的真菌病害具有重要的作用。基于它们在功能上具有协同作用,本研究利用基因工程技术构建了几丁质酶和抗真菌蛋白、几丁质酶和葡聚糖酶双价表达载体,通过农杆菌直接转化技术将双价表达载体转入农杆菌EHA105,最后采用PCR、DNA dot blotting技术对所获得的农杆菌工程菌株进行了鉴定分析。  相似文献   

11.
12.
Insect resistance of transgenic tobacco expressing an insect chitinase gene   总被引:24,自引:0,他引:24  
Chitinase expression in the insect gut normally occurs only during moulting, where the chitin of the peritrophic membrane is presumably degraded. Thus, insects feeding on plants that constitutively express an insect chitinase gene might be adversely affected, owing to an inappropriately timed exposure to chitinase. This hypothesis was tested by introducing a cDNA encoding a tobacco hornworm (Manduca sexta) chitinase (EC 3.2.1.14) into tobacco via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. A truncated but enzymatically active chitinase was present in plants expressing the gene. Segregating progeny of high-expressing plants were compared for their ability to support growth of tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens) larvae and for feeding damage. Both parameters were significantly reduced when budworms fed on transgenic tobacco plants expressing high levels of the chitinase gene. In contrast, hornworm larvae showed no significant growth reduction when fed on the chitinase-expressing transgenics. However, both budworm and hornworm larvae, when fed on chitinase-expressing transgenic plants coated with sublethal concentrations of a Bacillus thuringiensis toxin, were significantly stunted relative to larvae fed on toxin-treated non-transgenic controls. Foliar damage was also reduced. Plants expressing an insect chitinase gene may have agronomic potential for insect control  相似文献   

13.
14.
cDNA clones of messenger RNAs for acidic and basic chitinases were isolated from libraries of tobacco mosaic virus-infected Samsun NN tobacco and petunia. The tobacco cDNA clones for acidic chitinase fell into two different groups, whereas all petunia cDNA clones had the same sequence. Also, tobacco genomic clones were isolated and one was characterized. This genomic clone, corresponding to one of the cDNA clones, showed that this acidic chitinase gene contains two introns. The amino acid sequences of the acidic chitinases from tobacco, as deduced from the cDNA clones, fully agreed with partial sequences derived from peptides obtained from purified tobacco-derived pathogenesis-related proteins PR-P and PR-Q. The deduced amino acid sequences showed that PR-P and PR-Q are 93 and 78%, respectively, identical to the petunia enzyme. All deduced chitinase sequences indicated the presence of an NH2-terminal, highly hydrophobic signal peptide. In addition, the polysaccharide-binding domain present at the NH2-terminus of basic chitinases from mature tobacco is not present in these acidic chitinases. Furthermore, the complete coding sequence for the petunia chitinase, constructed downstream of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter, was used to transform tobacco. The resulting chimeric gene was constitutively expressed, and the petunia enzyme was targeted to the extracellular fluid. In contrast, a basic chitinase of tobacco, expressed from a chimeric gene, was found in total leaf extracts but not in preparations of extracellular fluid.  相似文献   

15.
Methods for the detection of bacterial chitinase activity were compared. The soluble substrate p-nitrophenyl-ß-D-N,N diacetyl chitobiose (NDC) was more sensitive in detecting purified chitinase of Serratia marcescens than assays measuring degradation of a solid chitin substrate by either radiochemical or colorimetric means. A chimaeric gene containing a S. marcescens chitinase gene under control of a Cauliflower Mosaic Virus 35S promoter and nopaline synthase terminator sequences was constructed and transferred to tobacco tumour cells using Agrobacterium tumefaciens as a vector. The rate of hydrolysis of the NDC substrate was three fold greater with cell extracts of both pooled and individual tumours carrying the chimaeric chitinase gene than in control tumours. It was calculated from the enzyme activity data that the foreign bacterial chitinase contributed 0.1% of the total soluble protein in transformed plant cells. This level of expression of this gene was not detectable using the less sensitive assays employing solid chitin substrate. These results indicate that NDC is a preferable substrate for assaying bacterial chitinase in transformed plant cells.  相似文献   

16.
17.
利用载体pBLGC 通过发根农杆菌(Agrobacterium rhizogines)叶盘法转化烟草。对烟草转基因植株后代从DNA水平、RNA水平以及几丁质酶基因和β-1,3葡聚糖酶基因表达效率方面进行系统的研究。对探讨转基因植株后代遗传规律具有重要的意义。  相似文献   

18.
利用PCR技术获得满江红鱼腥藻glnA启动区,经克隆测序后构成谷氨酰胺合成酶基因启动子驱动的GUS基因表达载体用基因枪经,将表达载体导入烟草中,在其叶片和茎中检测到GUS活性,而在烟草根中未见表达。实验结果对真核生物与原核生物间基因表达调控、转录因子识别的研究以及构建衫载体具有一定价值。  相似文献   

19.
The temporal and spatial expression of a bean chitinase promoter has been investigated in response to fungal attack. Analysis of transgenic tobacco plants containing a chimeric gene composed of a 1.7-kilobase fragment carrying the chitinase 5B gene promoter fused to the coding region of the gus A gene indicated that the chitinase promoter is activated during attack by the fungal pathogens Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctonia solani, and Sclerotium rolfsii. Although induction of [beta]-glucuronidase activity was observed in tissues that had not been exposed to these phytopathogens, the greatest induction occurred in and around the site of fungal infection. The increase in [beta]-glucuronidase activity closely paralleled the increase in endogenous tobacco chitinase activity produced in response to fungal infection. Thus, the chitinase 5B-gus A fusion gene may be used to analyze the cellular and molecular details of the activation of the host defense system during pathogen attack.  相似文献   

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