细胞穿透肽Tat-LK15介导siRNA的转染效率和细胞毒性研究

通过与Lipofectamine TM RNAi MAX(Lipo)比较,探讨细胞穿透肽Tat-LK15对人肾上皮细胞(human embryonic kidney 293T cells,293T)和大鼠视神经节细胞(retinal ganglion cell line,RGC-5)转染小干扰RNA(small interference RNA,si RNA)的效率和细胞毒性,为后期实验提供依据。以羧基荧光素(carboxyfluorescein,FAM)标记的si RNA为报告基因,不同剂量的Tat-LK15(Tat-LK15组)和Lipo(Lipo组)为转染试剂,分别转染293T和RGC-5细胞。转染24 h后荧光显微镜观察FAM荧光强度,计算转染效率,并以CCK-8法检测细胞毒性。随着Tat-LK15和Lipo剂量的增加,si RNA转染效率逐渐提高。当Tat-LK15与si RNA配比为2∶1(μg/μg)时,RGC-5细胞的转染效率达到最高((87.3±4.5)%),低于Lipo与si RNA配比为5∶1(μL/μg)时的最高转染效率((96.2±3.2)%(P0.05));作用于293T细胞时,两转染试剂的最高转染效率没有统计学差异(P0.05)。转染试剂剂量增加,Lipo细胞毒性显著增加,而Tat-LK15毒性无明显变化。转染效率最高时,Lipo(5μL)组293T和RGC-5的细胞存活率仅为((77.8±4.1)%,(73.4±7.7)%)显著低于Tat-LK15(2∶1)组同种细胞的存活率((91.0±3.7)%,(90.0±6.1)%)(P0.05)。Tat-LK15可有效地转染si RNA,细胞毒性低,安全性突出,有一定的应用前景。     

TGF-beta1通过抑制HIF-1alpha减少风湿性心脏病心肌细胞胶原合成

目的:探讨缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)在转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)促风湿性心脏病心肌细胞胶原合成中的作用。方法:以体外培养风湿性心脏病(风心病)患者经瓣膜置换术后留取组织分离而来的心肌细胞为研究对象,依据加入TGF-β1的浓度将前期实验分为四组:0,5,10及20(μg/L),观察TGF-β1对风湿性心脏病心肌细胞胶原合成及HIF-1α表达的影响;而后实验选取10μg/L TGF-β1为干预浓度,将Scrambled si RNA或HIF-1αsi RNA转染入细胞内。48小时后,分别收集各组细胞,采用RT-PCR检测I型胶原的m RNA水平,Western Blot技术测定细胞内I型胶原和HIF-1α的蛋白表达水平。结果:与0、5及10μg/L浓度TGF-β1组相比,5、10及20μg/L浓度的TGF-β1分别显著地增加了风心病心肌细胞I型胶原及HIF-1α的表达。另外,HIF-1αsi RNA则明显减少了TGF-β1诱导的心肌细胞I型胶原生成。结论:HIF-1α介导了TGF-β1对风湿性心脏病心肌细胞I型胶原合成的促进作用。     

siRNA沉默KLF4表达促进HeLa细胞迁移与增殖

目的:研究Krüppel样因子4(KLF4)的表达下调对HeLa细胞迁移与增殖的影响。方法:设计合成针对KLF4的si RNA和阴性对照si RNA,并转染至HeLa细胞中。使用含有10 ng/m L TGF-β1和10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养液诱导HeLa细胞发生上皮间质转化,对照组使用不含TGF-β1的培养液。通过Transwell迁移实验和划痕实验观察HeLa细胞迁移变化;通过细胞增殖实验和流式细胞术观察HeLa细胞增殖状况和细胞周期分布。结果:转染了si RNA的HeLa细胞经TGF-β1诱导后,其细胞迁移能力较其他各组显著提高;与转染了阴性对照si RNA和空白对照的细胞相比,转染si RNA的HeLa细胞增殖能力明显提高;TGF-β1可以使HeLa细胞周期发生G1期阻滞,但是采用si RNA干扰KLF4的表达对此过程无明显影响。结论:使用si RNA下调KLF4的表达可以促进HeLa细胞的迁移与增殖。     

TGF-β1通过抑制HIF-1α减少风湿性心脏病心肌细胞胶原合成

目的:探讨缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)在转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)促风湿性心脏病心肌细胞胶原合成中的作用。方法:以体外培养风湿性心脏病(风心病)患者经瓣膜置换术后留取组织分离而来的心肌细胞为研究对象,依据加入TGF-β1的浓度将前期实验分为四组:0,5,10及20(μg/L),观察TGF-β1对风湿性心脏病心肌细胞胶原合成及HIF-1α表达的影响;而后实验选取10μg/L TGF-β1为干预浓度,将Scrambled si RNA或HIF-1αsi RNA转染入细胞内。48小时后,分别收集各组细胞,采用RT-PCR检测I型胶原的m RNA水平,Western Blot技术测定细胞内I型胶原和HIF-1α的蛋白表达水平。结果:与0、5及10μg/L浓度TGF-β1组相比,5、10及20μg/L浓度的TGF-β1分别显著地增加了风心病心肌细胞I型胶原及HIF-1α的表达。另外,HIF-1αsi RNA则明显减少了TGF-β1诱导的心肌细胞I型胶原生成。结论:HIF-1α介导了TGF-β1对风湿性心脏病心肌细胞I型胶原合成的促进作用。     

RNAi沉默Snail增加结肠癌对5氟尿嘧啶敏感性研究

目的:研究Snail的抑制是否能增加耐药结肠癌细胞对5-FU的敏感性,评估其可能的信号转导通路。方法:使用5-氟尿嘧啶耐药HCT116细胞(HCT116/5-FU),评估细胞形态及分子的变化。通过靶向人Snail基因小干扰RNA(si RNA)抑制Snail的表达。Annexin V/PI染色用于评估5-FU诱导的细胞凋亡。Western blot检测caspase以及可能的丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)和线粒体途径。结果:HCT116细胞对5-Fu耐药性的获得诱导了与EMT一致的形态学变化。RNA干扰沉默Snail逆转HCT116/5-FU细胞EMT并增加了5-FU耐药HCT116细胞对5-FU的敏感性。可能的机制涉及JNK与线粒体途径的激活。结论:EMT样表型的改变与HCT116细胞对5-FU耐药相关;si RNA介导的Snail下调可能是一个潜在的克服5-FU化疗耐药的治疗方法。     

健脾化瘀中药提高胞嘧啶脱氨酶/单纯疱疹病毒胸苷激酶基因治疗肝细胞癌的实验研究

目的:观察健脾化瘀中药提高胞嘧啶脱氨酶/单纯疱疹病毒胸苷激酶基因治疗肝细胞癌的作用。方法:脂质体lipofectamine将含有双自杀基因的腺病毒载体pAd-CD/TK导人293细胞,收集病毒上清转染人肝癌细胞BEL7402,MTT法测定BEL7402细胞存活率。裸鼠人肝癌模型转染CD/TK双自杀基因后,给予5-FC500mg/kg,GCV 100mg/kg腹腔注射,同时予健脾化瘀中药960复方灌胃。观察肿瘤生长情况。结果:给予前体药物5-FC和GCV后,CD/TK转染细胞被杀死。并表现出较强的旁观者效应。转染细胞比例达到10%即表现出较强的杀伤作用(P<0.01)。健脾化瘀中药960复方具有提高旁观者效应作用,1.67ml/kg和2.5ml/kg960复方含药血清组细胞存活率显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。转染基因组应用5-FC和GCV治疗后,裸鼠肝癌的生长明显受到抑制(P<0.05),抑瘤率39.42%,单用中药组抑瘤率18.04%,中药与CD/TK 5-FC/GCV联合运用组,较单纯CD/5-FC/HSV-tk/GCV对裸鼠肿瘤模型的生长抑制作用更加明显(P<0.05),抑瘤率55.10%。结伦:腺病毒介导CD/TK自杀基因可有效地杀死人肝癌BEL7402细胞,健脾化瘀中药960复方具有显著提高CD/TK双自杀基因对人肝癌细胞的抑杀作用。     

药用昆虫蜣螂对灵芝发酵产物体外抗肿瘤活性的影响

采用体外高通量筛选技术检测了补加药用昆虫蜣螂前后灵芝发酵产物的体外抗肿瘤活性。结果表明,补加和不补加蜣螂发酵后所得的胞内和胞外三萜样品对肉瘤细胞L290、肠癌细胞SW620、血癌细胞K562和肝癌细胞BEL7402都有显著的抑制作用(P<0.05)。在补加蜣螂发酵后,灵芝胞内三萜的抑制作用没有得到增强;但胞外三萜样品对BEL7402细胞的抑制作用得到了增强,补加和不补加蜣螂发酵后所得胞外三萜的抑制率分别为41.74%和32.37%(P<0.05)。由于补加蜣螂发酵后,新生成了胞外三萜lucidone C,因而对lucidone C的抗BEL7402肝癌活性进行了试验。结果显示,lucidone C在100μg/mL时,对BEL7402的抑制率为50.37%,提示lucidone C可能增强了补加蜣螂后灵芝胞外总三萜对BEL7402细胞的抑制作用。     

HIF-1α/VEGF在稽留流产患者绒毛组织中的表达及其与微血管密度的关系

目的:探讨缺氧诱导因子1α(HIF-1α)/血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在稽留流产患者绒毛组织中的表达及其与微血管密度的关系。方法:采用免疫组织化学方法分别检测了30例人工流产和30例稽留流产患者绒毛组织的微血管密度(MVD)、HIF-1α和VEGF的表达。分别在缺氧(1%O_2、5%CO_2和94%N_2)和常氧(20%O_2、5%CO_2和75%N_2)条件下培养HTR8/SVneo细胞,并通过转染HIF-1αsi RNA来敲低HIF-1α。通过q RT-PCR和Western blot分析HTR8/SVneo细胞中HIF-1α和VEGF的m RNA和蛋白表达。此外,通过小管形成实验评价缺氧及转染HIF-1αsi RNA对HTR8/SVneo细胞小管形成的影响。结果:稽留流产组织样本中的MVD显著低于人工流产(7.22±0.55 vs 14.65±1.12,P0.05)。HIF-1α和VEGF在稽留流产组织中的表达显著低于人工流产组织(P0.05)。HIF-1α和VEGF的表达均与MVD显著正相关。与常氧相比,缺氧可显著上调HIF-1α和VEGF的m RNA和蛋白水平(P0.05)。转染HIF-1αsi RNA显著下调HIF-1α和VEGF的m RNA和蛋白水平(P0.05)。与常氧相比,缺氧可显著促进HTR8/SVneo细胞的小管形成(P0.05),而转染HIF-1αsi RNA则可显著抑制显HTR8/SVneo细胞的小管形成(P0.05)。结论:胎盘发育过程中的缺氧环境丢失及HIF-1α/VEGF的抑制可能是稽留流产发病的一项机制。     

天麻素对镉诱导的星形胶质细胞损伤的保护效应

目的:探讨氯化镉(CdCl_2)和天麻素(GAS)对小鼠星形胶质细胞活力及神经营养因子GDNF和抗氧化基因Nrf2,HO-1,SOD-1表达的影响。方法:首先,给予体外培养的小鼠星形胶质细胞不同浓度的CdCl_2(Con,2.5μM,5μM,10μM,20μM)处理24 h或48 h,随后检测细胞活力筛选出造成星形胶质细胞损伤的CdCl_2浓度和时间。然后使用上述筛选的CdCl_2作用浓度(5μM)构建星形胶质细胞损伤的同时再给予不同浓度的天麻素(0,20μg/m L,30μg/m L,40μg/m L, 50μg/m L)处理24 h或48 h,随后检测细胞活力并提取细胞RNA检测其caspase3,GDNF(胶质源性神经营养因子Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor,GDNF)和Nrf2(Nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor2),HO-1(Heme oxygenase 1),SOD-1(superoxide dismutase 1)等抗氧化基因的m RNA表达的变化。结果:(1) 2.5μM CdCl_2处理24 h后星形胶质细胞活力已经有明显下降(P0.05),5μM CdCl_2处理24 h后,星形胶质细胞活力显著下降(P0.01);(2) CdCl_2浓度越大,细胞损伤严重;(3)一定浓度的天麻素处理可以缓解CdCl_2造成的星形胶质损伤,恢复其细胞活力,下调caspase3 m RNA水平;(4) CdCl_2下调了星形胶质细胞的GDNF, Nrf2, HO-1和SOD-1的m RNA水平,天麻素可以抑制Cd Cl_2对上述基因的m RNA水平的调节作用,且浓度越高调节作用越强。结论:天麻素可能通过调节小鼠星形胶质细胞的GDNF, Nrf2, HO-1和SOD-1基因表达缓解CdCl_2导致的细胞损伤。     

DHA联合5-FU通过Rho/ROCK调控胃癌SGC7901细胞增殖、凋亡的体外实验

该文研究了二十二碳六烯酸(doeosahexaenoic acid,DHA)联合5-氟尿嘧啶(5-fluorouracil,5-FU)对胃癌SGC7901细胞增殖、凋亡及其Rho家族基因表达的影响。实验分为对照组、DHA组、5-FU组和DHA联合5-FU组,用CCK-8法分别检测药物作用24、48、72 h后对人胃癌细胞增殖的抑制作用,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡情况,Real-time PCR和Western blot分别检测细胞RhoA、RhoC和ROCK1的mRNA水平和蛋白质水平。结果显示,5-FU单独作用时,随着作用时间延长和剂量加大,对胃癌细胞的增殖抑制作用增强,DHA单独作用时,低浓度抑制作用不明显,较高浓度时有显著抑制作用,40μg/mL DHA与4μg/mL 5-FU联合时有明显的增效作用。与对照组相比,40μg/mL DHA对细胞凋亡作用不明显,60μg/mL DHA主要引起细胞晚期凋亡,16μg/mL 5-FU主要引起细胞早期凋亡,两者联合时对细胞晚期凋亡有显著的增强作用。与对照组相比,DHA组及5-FU组RhoAmRNA水平下降,5-FU及联合组RhoC mRNA水平升高。与对照组相比,DHA组RhoA、RhoC蛋白质水平下降,5-FU组RhoA、ROCK1蛋白质水平下降,而联合组RhoA蛋白质水平下降显著。综上所述,DHA联合5-FU可增强对胃癌SGC7901细胞增殖的抑制作用,两者作用于细胞凋亡的不同时期且联合用药对晚期凋亡有增强作用。DHA与5-FU联合应用对细胞增殖和凋亡作用机制可能通过抑制RhoA蛋白表达起作用。     

Hepatitis B virus X protein modulates the apoptosis of hepatoma cell line induced by TRAIL

TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) is one member of TNF superfamily[1]. It is unique, for it could specifically induce the apoptosis of tumor cells or virus-infected cells but have no cytotoxic effects onnormal cells[1,2]. Owing to this characteristic, it has become a promising candidate molecule for biological therapy for tumor. Many factors could affect the sensitivity towardsTRAIL-induced apoptosis, including cytokines, virus infection, drugs, radials, etc. Studies show tha…     

Hepatitis B virus X protein modulates the apoptosis of hepatoma cell line induced by TRAIL

The purpose of this study is to observe the effects of HBx on the apoptosis of hepatoma cells induced by TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and to study preliminary molecular mechanisms for its effects. In order to set up a modelin vitro, BEL7402-HBx cell line, stably expressing HBx mRNA, was established by stable transfection of pcDNA-HBx, which contains HBx gene, into hepatoma cell line BEL7402. Control cell line BEL7402-cDNA3, stably transfected with pcDNA3, was set up simultaneously as a control. Trypan blue exclusion test, caspase 3 activity detection and TUNEL assay were performed to detect the apoptosis of BEL7402, BEL7402-cDNA3, BEL7402-HBx induced by TRAIL. The expression of TRAIL receptors in three groups was analyzed by Flow cytometry. In addition, phosphorothioated antisense oligonucleotide against the translation initial region of HBx gene (PS-asODNs/HBx) was used to block the expression of HBx in HepG2.2.15 cells and to further confirm the effects of HBx on TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Trypan blue exclusion test indicated that TRAIL had a dose-dependent cytotoxicity on BEL7402, BEL7402-cDNA3 and BEL7402-HBx cells. Under treatment of the same concentration of TRAIL, BEL7402-HBx had a higher apoptosis rate and a higher level of Caspase 3 activation than BEL7402 and BEL7402-cDNA3. TUENL assay showed that the apoptosis rate of BEL7402-HBx induced by 10 μg/L TRAIL was 41.4%±7.2%, significantly higher than that of BEL7402 and BEL7402-cDNA3 cells. Blockade of HBx expression in Hep G2.2.15 cells partly inhibited the apoptosis induced by TRAIL. The introduction or blockade of HBx did not change the expression pattern of TRAIL receptors. The present study firstly confirms the effects of HBx on TRAIL-induced apoptosis from two different points and it is not related with the expression level of TRAIL receptors. This would be useful to further clarify the roles of imbalanced apoptosis in pathogenesis of Hepatitis B and related hepatocellular carcinoma.     

Proteomic investigation of 5-fluorouracil resistance in a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line

Multi-drug resistance (MDR) is a major obstacle towards a successful treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The mechanisms of MDR are intricate and have not been fully understood. Therefore, we employed a cell-line model consisting of the 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) resistant BEL7402/5-FU cell line and its parental BEL7402 cell line. Using relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ)-coupled 2D LC-MS/MS, a successfully exploited high-throughput proteomic technology, in total, 660 unique proteins were identified and 52 proteins showed to be differentially expressed in BEL7402/5-FU compared with BEL7402. Several differentially expressed proteins were further validated by Western blot and real-time quantitative RT-PCR analysis. Furthermore, the association of MDR with ANXA3, one of the highly expressed proteins in BEL7402/5-FU, was verified. Our study represents the first successful application of iTRAQ technology for MDR mechanisms analysis in HCC. Many of the differentially expressed proteins identified had not been linked to MDR in HCC before, which provide valuable information for further understanding of MDR.     

FUT family mediates the multidrug resistance of human hepatocellular carcinoma via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway

The fucosyltransferase (FUT) family is the key enzymes in cell-surface antigen synthesis during various biological processes such as tumor multidrug resistance (MDR). The aim of this work was to analyze the alteration of FUTs involved in MDR in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines. Using mass spectrometry (MS) analysis, the composition profiling of fucosylated N-glycans differed between drug-resistant BEL7402/5-FU (BEL/FU) cells and the sensitive line BEL7402. Further analysis of the expressional profiles of the FUT family in three pairs of parental and chemoresistant human HCC cell lines showed that FUT4, FUT6 and FUT8 were predominant expressed in MDR cell lines. The altered levels of FUT4, FUT6 and FUT8 were responsible for changed drug-resistant phenotypes of BEL7402 and BEL/FU cells both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, regulating FUT4, FUT6 or FUT8 expression markedly modulated the activity of the phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway and MDR-related protein 1 (MRP1) expression. Inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway by its specific inhibitor wortmannin, or by Akt small interfering RNA (siRNA), resulted in decreased MDR of BEL/FU cells, partly through the downregulation of MRP1. Taken together, our results suggest that FUT4-, FUT6- or FUT8-mediated MDR in human HCC is associated with the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and the expression of MRP1, but not of P-gp, indicating a possible novel mechanism by which the FUT family regulates MDR in human HCC.     

An RGD-Modified MRI-Visible Polymeric Vector for Targeted siRNA Delivery to Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Nude Mice

RNA interference (RNAi) has significant therapeutic promise for the genetic treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Targeted vectors are able to deliver small interfering RNA (siRNA) into HCC cells with high transfection efficiency and stability. The tripeptide arginine glycine aspartic acid (RGD)-modified non-viral vector, polyethylene glycol-grafted polyethylenimine functionalized with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (RGD-PEG-g-PEI-SPION), was constructed as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-visible nanocarrier for the delivery of Survivin siRNA targeting the human HCC cell line Bel-7402. The biophysical characterization of the RGD-PEG-g-PEI-SPION was performed. The RGD-modified complexes exhibited a higher transfection efficiency in transferring Survivin siRNA into Bel-7402 cells compared with a non-targeted delivery system, which resulted in more significant gene suppression at both the Survivin mRNA and protein expression levels. Then, the level of caspase-3 activation was significantly elevated, and a remarkable level of tumor cell apoptosis was induced. As a result, the tumor growth in the nude mice Bel-7402 hepatoma model was significantly inhibited. The targeting ability of the RGD-PEG-g-PEI-SPION was successfully imaged by MRI scans performed in vitro and in vivo. Our results strongly indicated that the RGD-PEG-g-PEI-SPION can potentially be used as a targeted non-viral vector for altering gene expression in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and for detecting the tumor in vivo as an effective MRI probe.     

Enhanced sensitivity of human hepatoma cells to 5-fluorouracil by small interfering RNA targeting Bcl-2

This study was designed to reveal whether the apoptosis induced in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) could be enhanced by transfecting Bcl-2 small interfering RNA (siRNA). Bcl-2 siRNA and control siRNA were transfected into cells following treatment with or without 5-FU. Suppression of Bcl-2 expression was confirmed by Western blotting; cell viability was evaluated by MTS assay, and the occurrence of apoptosis in cells was evaluated by apoptosis assay. Expression of Bcl-2 protein after transfection of 20 nM Bcl-2 siRNA was significantly lower than that of control. Incubation of all cell lines with Bcl-2 siRNA reduced cell viability 96 h after 5-FU treatment compared with all other controls: Huh-7 (P < 0.01), Huh-7 with hepatitis C replicon (P < 0.01), HepG2 (P < 0.01), HLE (P < 0.05). Moreover, the proportion of apoptosis in control siRNA, Bcl-2 siRNA, control siRNA prior to 5-FU treatment, and Bcl-2 siRNA prior to 5-FU treatment groups were (4.6 +/- 2.3)%, (7.5 +/- 0.5)%, (6.0 +/- 2.1)%, and (19.5 +/- 0.86)%, respectively. The Bcl-2 siRNA prior to 5-FU treatment group showed the strongest effect of inducing apoptosis. In conclusion, the combination Bcl-2 siRNA and 5-FU might represent a new therapeutic option for HCC.     

ARHGEF10L contributes to liver tumorigenesis through RhoA-ROCK1 signaling and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition

Aberrant activity of Rho small G-proteins and their regulators plays an important role in tumorigenesis. Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 10-Like (ARHGEF10L) is a member of the RhoGEF family that promotes the active GTP-bound state of Rho GTPases. This study used the Illumina GoldenGate microassay, Sequenom MassARRAY and TaqMan to analyze possible correlations between tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (tag SNPs) in the ARHGEF10L locus and various tumor risks. The genotyping analyses demonstrated a strong association of rs2244444 and rs12732894 with liver cancer. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry also revealed increased expression of ARHGEF10L in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. Furthermore, increased cell proliferation, cell migration and RhoA activity; increased expression of Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase-1 (ROCK1), phospho- Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin (ERM), vimentin, N-cadherin and Slug, and decreased E-cadherin expression were detected in hepatocellular carcinoma cell Bel-7402 and HepG2 cells with transfection of ARHGEF10L-expressing plasmids. Opposite results were obtained in the two cell lines with transfection of anti-ARHGEF10L siRNA. Tumor-bearing mice were generated with Bel-7402 cells transfected with lentivirus vectors packaging short hairpin ARHGEF10L RNA. The xenograft tumors with the inhibited ARHGEF10L expression showed decreased tumor growth and expression of vimentin, N-cadherin and Slug. Additionally, decreased phospho-ERM expression was detected in Bel-7402 and HepG2 cells with transfection of anti-ROCK1 siRNA and increased expression of ROCK1 was detected in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. E-cadherin, vimentin, N-cadherin and Slug are markers of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). ROCK1, phospho-ERM and EMT have been reported to promote tumor cell proliferation, metastasis and angiogenesis. Our study suggests that increased expression of ARHGEF10L stimulates hepatocellular tumorigenesis by activating the RhoA-ROCK1- phospho ERM pathway and EMT.     

非洲马铃果4种吲哚类生物碱的体外抗肿瘤效果

为比较非洲马铃果Voacanga africana中长春胺、冠狗牙花定碱、老刺木胺、伏康京碱等4种吲哚类生物碱的体外抗肿瘤活性,采用MTT法分析其对SKOV3、BEL7402、SMMC7721、Changliver四株细胞株增殖的抑制作用,并通过AO/EB双染观察细胞凋亡的形态变化。结果显示,4种吲哚生物碱对四株细胞株的增殖抑制现象存在剂量依赖关系。50 μg·mL-1老刺木胺对四株细胞株的生长抑制率均达95%以上;相同浓度下,伏康京碱仅对BEL7402、Changliver的抑制率超过78%;冠狗牙花定碱仅对Changliver有超过50%的增殖抑制率;长春胺对四株细胞株的增殖抑制效果不明显。经AO/EB法染色后,四株细胞株在12.5 μg·mL-1老刺木胺的作用下呈现细胞核皱缩、浓聚和偏移的现象,说明老刺木胺具有明显诱导细胞凋亡的作用;50 μg·mL-1伏康京碱仅对BEL7402和Changliver具有一样的效果,另两种生物碱作用的细胞株并未见有明显的细胞凋亡现象。MTT法和AO/EB双染法表现结果一致。老刺木胺和伏康京碱两种生物碱能够诱导卵巢癌细胞和人肝细胞凋亡从而发挥抗肿瘤作用,长春胺和冠狗牙花定碱作用效果相对较弱。