He—Ne激光对莲胚芽中过氧化物酶及其同工酶的作用

用不同剂量（０、０．５、５、１５、３０、５０ｍｉｎ）的Ｈｅ—Ｎｅ激光照射莲的湿种子,分析胚芽中过氧化物酶及其同工酶。实验表明,Ｈｅ—Ｎｅ激光辐照能导致莲胚芽中过氧化物酶及其同工酶活性出现相关变化,并使同工酶组分发生变异。     

5种樱桃属植物的POD、CAT和SOD同工酶分析

采用聚丙烯酰胺垂直平板凝胶电泳技术对5种樱桃属植物的过氧化物酶(POD)同工酶、过氧化氢酶(CAT)同工酶和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)同工酶的酶谱特征进行分析,结果表明:5种樱桃属植物共电泳出12条POD同工酶酶带、4条CAT同工酶酶带和8条SOD同工酶酶带;其中,POD同工酶酶谱具有5条共同谱带,CAT同工酶4条,SOD同工酶5条。冬季休眠期的樱桃属植物,POD与SOD同工酶谱带的多样性比较丰富,不同植物之间的谱带差异较大;而CAT同工酶谱带差异不明显。     

罗汉果雌雄株同工酶性别鉴定研究

采用电泳技术结合同工酶染色,分析了罗汉果雌雄株叶片的过氧化物酶同工酶、酯酶同工酶、超氧化物歧化酶同工酶、多酚氧化酶同工酶和过氧化氢酶同工酶。结果表明:罗汉果雌雄叶片在同工酶谱上,存在着与性别性状相关的酶带;雌雄间的差异酶带在每一种同工酶中均有一条以上,可作为罗汉果雌雄株间的性别鉴定。此外,还比较了高产、低产、不结果雌株之间同工酶的酶带和活性差别。     

^60Co—r射线辐射番茄种子对其生理生化影响的研究

用＾６０Ｃｏ－ｒ射线辐射番茄种子,观察辐射种子发芽率、根尖细胞有丝分裂、减数分裂及过氧化物酶同工酶的影响。实验结果表明：辐射剂量１０－２０ｋｒａｄ范围内,种子发芽率最高,有丝分裂畸变率最高,畸变类型最丰富,对减数分裂的抑制小,过氧化物酶同工酶活性最高。     

二萜醌类成分与过氧化物酶同工酶关系的初步研究

本文以聚丙酰胺凝胶柱电泳,分析了唇形科18种植物的过氧化物酶同工酶。实验表明含二萜醌类成分的种,它们的过氧化物酶同工酶的酶谱在中部偏正极处明显。二萜醌类化合物的含量与其过氧化物酶同工酶的酶谱表现常一致。含挥发油成分的种在上述条件下,过氧化物酶同工酶几乎不出现谱带。     

家鸽不同组织同工酶的初步研究

利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法对家鸽不同组织的酯酶同工酶、乳酸脱氢酶同工酶的酶谱进行了观察和试验分析。计算了家鸽8种组织酯酶同工酶各自酶带的Rf值。显示出家鸽8种组织的酯酶同工酶酶带和7种组织的乳酸脱氢酶同工酶酶谱分布特征具有明显的组织特异性。初步分析了基因位点与酶谱带型之间的相互关系,对于鸟类的生化分析和遗传研究有参考作用。     

玉米过氧化物酶同工酶Px、位点和醋酶同工酶Est3位点的遗传基础研究

同工酶是基因表达后的产物,是分子水平 上的表型〔幻。和个体水平上的表型一样,通过 同工酶在世代间的表现,就可以分析其遗传基 础。对同工酶的遗传基础的深人分析,有助于 了解基因与酶之间的关系及酶与个体水平上表 型的关系。这些关系的阐明,是当代分子生物 学的重要课题,并且对同工酶在实践中的应用 也具有重要的意义。国外对植物同工酶生化遗 传学研究的报道很多〔‘一,。,,国内黄炳权等〔31对水 稻醋酶同工酶的遗传基础进行了研究,程家胜 等〔叼对苹果过氧化物酶同工酶也作过遗传分 析。但是,不同的植物,不同的酶系统,甚至同一 种酶的不同同工酶带的遗传基础是不同的。本 文试图用经典遗传学与分子生物学手段相结合 的方法,对玉米幼苗的过氧化物酶同工酶和醋 酶同工酶进行遗传分析,以期探明这些同工酶 带的遗传基础。     

H20：浸种对水稻种子萌发生长及其过氧化物酶同工酶、醋酶同工酶的影响。

适当浓度的H,O,溶液浸种能促进水稻种子萌发生长和提高发芽率,特别是对贮存两年的杂交稻 种子的促进作用尤为明显,其中0.5% H,O,浸种效果最佳。分析水稻种子萌发过程中的过氧化物酶 同工酶和va酶同工酶,结果表明,浸种三天后,处理组的过氧化物酶同工酶和醋酶同工酶酶谱都比对照 组的多4条酶带,且处理组的两种同工酶带染色均比对照组的深。这说明,H,O,浸种后某些同工酶提 前出现,种子的生理生化代谢比较活袄,这与种子萌发生长加快和发芽率提高是一致的。     

杉木不同无性系过氧化物酶同工酶的研究

本文对杉木（Ｃｕｎｎｉｎｇｈａｍｉａｌａｎｃｅｌｏａｔａ（Ｌａｍｂ．）Ｈｏｏｋ．）不同无性系及其不同株龄的叶和不同发育时期的雄球花进行了过氧化物酶同工酶检测。结果表明：杉木４１４号无性系叶和雄球花的过氧化物酶同工酶酶谱与其它无性系都具明显差异;同－无性系叶与雄球花的过氧化物酶同工酶酶谱存在显著差异;不同发育时期的雄球花的过氧化物酶同工酶存在顺序表达。作者认为：过氧化物酶同工酶作为种内分类的鉴定性状较为合适,而科、属、种的分类依据则应更侧重于形态特征。根据杉木４１４号无性系的过氧化物酶同工酶的特异性及其短叶、叶端钝圆和多雄花等特点,可以把它定为杉科杉属杉木物种的一个变型：多雄花杉木。     

野生稻的遗传学研究——Ⅱ、普通野生稻过氧化物酶同工酶的多态性研究

本文利用电泳方法,研究了普通野生稻,尤其是中国和印度普通野生稻的过氧化物酶同工酶的多态性,结果表明: 1).普通野生稻中,过氧化物酶同工酶能分离出24条酶带,各酶带的出现频率不同,其中第3、5、6、9、10、11、19、20、21和22号酶带出现频率超过50%,又以第3、20和22三条酶带出现频率最高,这10条带可以做为普通野生稻过氧化物酶同工酶的基本酶谱,而第3、20和22三条带可能是其原始酶带。2).中国和印度的普通野生稻过氧化物酶同工酶有一定差异,但在墓本酶谱和原始酶带的表现上是一致的。因此,尽管普通野生稻过氧化物酶同工酶具有高度的分子多态性,但仍能反映种的分子特征。本文还讨论了过氧化物酶同工酶与普通野生稻的演化,和我国栽培稻的起源及其在进化学研究中的价值。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.     

Time of detection of recessive genes: effects of system of mating and number of examined individuals

Summary Anthers were cultured from two sets of seven lines of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with different cytoplasms, the euplasmic nucleus donors, Siete Cerros 66 and Penjamo 62, as well as their six alloplasmic lines derived from wild relative species of the genera Triticum and Aegilops. Significant cytoplasmic and nuclear effects but no cytoplasmic-nuclear interaction were found for embryogenic anther response, with the best performance of Penjamo 62 in Ae. kotschyi cytoplasm. Plant regeneration was not affected significantly by the cytoplasmic background of the lines cultured. The possible genetic implications of the observed cytoplasmic and nuclear influences on the in vitro haploid induction of wheat are discussed.