榆黄蘑中一种抗病毒蛋白的纯化及其抗TMV和HBV的活性

采用阴离子交换层析和凝胶层析方法从新鲜食用菌榆黄蘑 (Plearotuscitrinopileatus)中进行了抗病毒蛋白的纯化 ,结果获得了一个纯化蛋白YP4 6 4 6 ,经SDS PAGE可确定其分子量为 2 7.4kD。以半叶法在枯斑寄主心叶烟上检测该蛋白对烟草花叶病毒 (TMV)的抑制率 ,发现有较好的抗TMV活性 ,其抑制TMV的中浓度为 0 .2 4 μg/mL。同时以HepG2 .2 .2 .15细胞株为模型 ,对所获得的蛋白进行体外抗乙型肝炎病毒效果的评价。结果表明该蛋白对HBsAg的 5 0 %抑制时的浓度为 0 .0 8μg/mL ,但对HBeAg效果不大     

杏鲍菇抗烟草花叶病毒蛋白的筛选

采用离子交换层析和凝胶层析方法,从杏鲍菇干样中分离得到多个蛋白组分,经枯斑寄主检测,发现多个蛋白组分都有抗烟草花叶病毒(TMV)的活性,对TMV的抑制率均在70%以上,高者可达99%。其中xb68Ab已得到了纯化,分子量约为23.7kD,在心叶烟和苋色藜上它对TMV侵染的抑制率分别达到99.43%和98.9%。     

榆黄蘑中一种抗病毒蛋白的纯化及其抗TMV和HBV的活性

采用阴离子交换层析和凝胶层析方法从新鲜食用菌榆黄蘑(Plearotus citrinopileatus)中进行了抗病毒蛋白的纯化,结果获得了一个纯化蛋白YP46-46,经SDS-PAGE可确定其分子量为27.4kD.以半叶法在枯斑寄主心叶烟上检测该蛋白对烟草花叶病毒(TMV)的抑制率,发现有较好的抗TMV活性,其抑制TMV的中浓度为0.24μg/mL.同时以HepG2.2.2.15细胞株为模型,对所获得的蛋白进行体外抗乙型肝炎病毒效果的评价.结果表明该蛋白对HBsAg的50%抑制时的浓度为0.08μg/mL,但对HBeAg效果不大.     

骨桥蛋白RGD黏附序列多拷贝短肽的表达、纯化及生物学活性测定

目的:用大肠杆菌表达骨桥蛋白RGD黏附序列6拷贝短肽,经分离纯化后检测其生物学活性.方法:运用基因重组技术,将骨桥蛋白RGD黏附序列的核酸片段首尾相连,与携带GST编码序列的原核表达载体连接构建融合蛋白表达质粒pGEX-3X-RGD.将重组质粒转化宿主菌后,对诱导融合蛋白表达的条件进行优化.表达产物GST-RGD经谷胱甘肽-亲和层析纯化后,分别检测其对骨桥蛋白诱导的血管平滑肌细胞黏附和迁移的影响.结果:所构建的含有6个拷贝短肽的GST-RGD融合蛋白可在大肠杆菌中以包含体的形式进行表达.用十二烷基肌氨酸钠变性溶解包含体及透析复性后,经亲和层析可得到高纯度的GST-RGD(6)融合蛋白.GST-RGD(6)融合蛋白能特异性的抑制骨桥蛋白诱导的血管平滑肌细胞的黏附和迁移.结论:骨桥蛋白RGD黏附序列6拷贝短肽可在大肠杆菌中高效表达,纯化的GST-RGD融合蛋白具有抑制血管平滑肌细胞黏附和迁移的活性.     

α-苦瓜素基因的克隆和原核表达

α-苦瓜素(Alpha-momorcharin)是一种多功能核糖体失活蛋白,具有抗肿瘤、抗HIV-1和抗菌活性,并同时具有免疫抑制活性.利用PCR(polymerase chain reaction)技术从苦瓜基因组中扩增出了成熟的α-苦瓜素蛋白基因,并亚克隆到表达载体pET28a( )上,然后分别在BL21(DE3) 和RosettaTM(DE3)pLysS中进行表达.结果表明只在RosettaTM(DE3)pLysS中,重组α-苦瓜素基因能成功地表达出33 kD大小的重组蛋白,而且在18℃和22℃的温度下,经IPTG诱导后,能成功地表达出大量可溶性重组蛋白.利用重组蛋白的N末端带有的6×His 标签,通过Ni-NTA柱纯化获得了α-苦瓜素重组蛋白.Western杂交实验表明,纯化后的重组蛋白可与鼠抗His-Tag单克隆抗体发生特异性反应.α-苦瓜素重组蛋白的获得为进一步系统研究和改造其功能与活性奠定了基础.     

丝状支原体丝状亚种SC型脂蛋白Q N末端基因的表达、纯化与抗原性分析

为了表达丝状支原体丝状亚种SC型(MmmSC)中国分离株HVRIⅩ脂蛋白Q(LppQ)N末端基因,将该基因经PCR扩增后克隆至原核表达载体pET32a中,经酶切、PCR、测序证实获得了重组表达质粒,转化Escherichia coliBL21(DE3)菌,经IPTG诱导后获得可溶性融合蛋白,表达量占菌体总蛋白的53.7%,用Ni-NTAHis.Bind纯化试剂盒纯化后,蛋白纯度达95%以上。表达蛋白经Western blot检测其抗原活性,结果表明纯化蛋白可与CBPP标准阳性血清发生强烈的反应,而与阴性血清不发生反应。     

毛头鬼伞(Coprinus comatus)中一种碱性蛋白的纯化及其活性

用离子交换层析(CM-sepharose FF)和凝胶层析(Superdex^TM 75)方法,从新鲜食用菌毛头鬼伞(Coprinus omatus)子实体中分离纯化出一碱性蛋白y3,经SDS-PAGE初步确定其分子量约为14．4kD。活性检测结果显示：当其浓度为12．5μg／mL时,对烟草花叶病毒(TMV)在心叶烟枯斑寄主上的侵染抑制率达83．0%;y3对兔血凝集活性滴度为2^5,对人血凝集活性滴度为26,其浓度分别为1．562μg／mL和0．78lμg／mL;利用胃癌细胞株MGC-803检测y3体外抗肿瘤活性,其IC50为12μg／mL。y3 N-端序列为NRDVAACARFIDDFCDTLTP,为一新的蛋白序列。在SWISS-PORT上登录号为P83477。     

地龙蛋白对人增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞的作用研究

目的:研究鲜地龙提取物对人增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞(HSF)增殖作用,及从其分离纯化的活性蛋白对基质金属蛋白酶(MMP-1、9)表达影响。方法:地龙提取物依次通过DEAE离子柱层析、葡聚糖凝胶柱层析分离纯化,应用HSF细胞模型,以活性为导向得到活性组份。获得样品组份进行部分理化性质实验,及对HSF细胞基质金属蛋白酶(MMP-1、9)表达影响。结果:地龙样品组份明显抑制HSF细胞增殖;样品经化学反应定性为蛋白,SDS-PAGE电泳法测定分子量为38k Da,p H值的平均值为7.82。分离纯化的DB-2样品使基质金属蛋白酶表达量下调,P0.05。结论:地龙样品组份能够显著抑制HSF细胞增殖,具有开发成为治疗瘢痕药物的潜力。     

银胶菊（Parthenium hysterophorus）中抗TMV活性成分的分离及活性测定

采用活性跟踪法从银胶菊中分离获得抗病毒活性物质,经质谱和核磁共振分析,确定该物质为小白菊内酯.采用半叶枯斑法和叶圆盘法测定了其对烟草花叶病毒(Tobacco mosaic virus,TMV)的抑制效果,结果表明:0.2 mg/mL的小白菊内酯在混合接种和药液浸泡两种处理中均表现出较好的体外抑制TMV活性,其抑制率分别为69.0%和72.1%;在离体条件下对烟草叶圆盘中的烟草花叶病毒复制也具有良好的抑制效果,抑制率为72.3%.     

vMIP-II-TfN融合蛋白在毕赤酵母中的表达和纯化

目的:构建pPIC-vMIP-II-TfN酵母表达载体,表达纯化vMIP-II-TfN融合蛋白。方法:利用PCR方法扩增编码人转铁蛋白N端半分子的基因片段,通过酶切、连接、转化等分子克隆方法构建pPIC-vMIP-II-TfN酵母表达载体;电击法转化X33酵母菌;用甲醇诱导重组酵母菌表达融合蛋白,利用硫酸铵沉淀、透析、Ni-NTA层析等技术进行蛋白纯化,SDS-PAGE和Western blot检测蛋白表达和纯化情况,利用趋化实验进行纯化蛋白活性检测。结果:经过两次PCR扩增了一个长约1.1kb的包含Xba I酶切位点的IgG3-TfN基因片段,插入pPIC-vMIP-II的Xba I酶切位点,经菌液PCR鉴定获得重组子,测序结果表明构建载体pPIC-vMIP-II-TfN的表达框正确无误,转化X33酵母菌,用甲醇诱导表达出48kDa的vMIP-II-TfN融合蛋白,经硫酸铵沉淀、透析、Ni-NTA纯化后得到纯度约为95%的vMIP-II-TfN融合蛋白。Western印迹结果表明融合蛋白能与转铁蛋白抗体特异性结合。活性检测表明经过诱导表达的vMIP-II-TfN融合蛋白具有趋化抑制活性。结论:成功构建pPIC-vMIP-II-TfN酵母表达载体,重组酵母工程菌经甲醇诱导成功表达出vMIP-II-TfN融合蛋白,纯化后的vMIP-II-TfN融合蛋白具有趋化抑制活性。     

Characteristics of the membranes of the pellicle of the ciliatePseudomicrothorax dubius

Summary The membranes of the pellicle of the ciliatePseudomicrothorax dubius are investigated using thin section electron microscopy and freeze-fracture replicas. The plasma membrane is covered by a surface coat and is connected to the outer alveolar membrane by short, sometimes branched, bridges. The inner alveolar membrane is coated on both sides. The epiplasm lies in intimate contact with the cytoplasmic surface of this membrane, and there is a corresponding deposit on the other surface. This deposit is regularly striated.The epiplasmic layer and the alveoli are interrupted at sites of cytotic activity,e.g., the attachment sites of trichocysts, the cytoproct, and the parasomal sacs. The striated deposit ends where the epiplasm ends, indicating a direct relationship between these two epimembranous layers.There is a deposit along the sides of the first part of the tip of the trichocysts, and in this region the trichocyst membrane is free of intramembranous particles.The membrane of the parasomal sacs has a coat on both surfaces. That on the extraplasmic surface is similar to the surface coat of the plasma membrane. The origin of the cytoplasmic coat is unknown. The cytotic activity of these sacs is indicated by their highly irregular profiles.     

The early development of the tail and the transformation of the shape of the nucleus of the spermatid of the domestic fowl,Gallus gallus

Summary The differentiation of the spermatid, especially in reference to the formation of the flagellum, and transformation of the shape of the nucleus was investigated in the domestic fowl.In the early stage of the spermatid, a prominent Golgi apparatus appears around the centrioles. The Golgi vesicles then surround the axial-filament complex which develops from the distal centriole. These vesicles fuse to form continuous membrane at the earliest stage of flagellar formation, and in the succeeding stage Golgi lamellae are attached to the plasma membrane of the developing flagellum. From these observations, it is assumed that Golgi apparatus may be a source of the membrane system of the flagellum.The microtubules distributed around the nucleus form the circular manchette. The anterior region of the nucleus with the manchette is cylindrical in shape and the posterior region without it remains irregular in shape. When the circular manchette has been completed, the whole nucleus acquires a slender cylindrical shape. The circular manchette then changes into the longitudinal manchette. The nuclei of spermatids without a longitudinal manchette are abnormal in shape. In view of these observations it is assumed that the nuclear shaping of the spermatid may be accomplished by circular manchette and the maintenance of shape of the elongated nucleus by longitudinal manchette.The authors wish to thank Mr. Takayuki Mori for his helpful suggestions and technical advices     

Characterization of the composition of the aqueous humor and the vitreous body of the eye of the frog Rana temporaria L

This study aimed to analyze the aqueous humor (AH) and the vitreous body (VB) of the eye of the adult frog Rana temporaria L. as a representative species of amphibians, which lead a semi-terrestrial life. The presence of collagen, albumin, uric acid and electron donors was shown in both media; however, there are slight differences in their concentrations. To determine collagen, a spectral-fluorescent probe, cyanine dye, was used. The presence of collagen in AH of the frog was found at the first time. The total content of electron donors (ascorbic and uric acids, tryptophan, and tyrosine) in VB and HA was roughly estimated at ~ 1.5 × 10^− 4 mol/L. Both VB and AH absorb light in similar UV regions. The total protein and albumin contents in AH were found to be somewhat higher than those in VB. The uric acid content was at an equally low level in both intraocular media. It is supposed that the similarity of VB and AH compositions shown in this work is due to some exchange between VB and AH contents in the course of accommodation. The role of intraocular fluids in physiological functions of the eye and in protecting the retina against UV light is discussed.     

Observations on the permeability of the choriocapillaris of the eye

Summary The choriocapillaris is a fenestrated capillary bed located posterior to the retinal pigment epithelium. It serves as the main source of supply to the photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium, and other cells of the outer retina. The permeability of these capillaries to intravenously injected ferritin (MW — approx. 480,000; mol. diam. 11 nm) was examined in the mouse, rabbit, and guinea pig, each of which is characterized by a different type of retinal vascularization. In all three species, the bulk of the ferritin remained in the capillary lumina, where it appeared to be blocked at the level of the diaphragmed fenestrae. Some ferritin was present in endothelial cell vacuoles. The results confirm previous work on the rat choriocapillaris and indicate that the barrier function of the choriocapillary endothelium is present even among species in which the retinal circulation differs significantly.Supported by NIH grant EY03418