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王锦蛇Elaphe carinata(G櫣enther)分布于我国19个省市(赵尔宓等,1998),分布区的南缘可达广东和广西,以及台湾岛,北缘是北京和天津一带。其垂直分布的范围在海拔100(浙江)~2200(贵州)之间。以往,在山东东南部日照和中部泰山,曾报道有王锦蛇的分布(贾振绪等,1997;张守富和张守贵,2002)。2004年10~11月,在山东半岛烟台市福山区门楼镇先后发现了4条长在2m左右的大蛇,经鉴定为王锦蛇(E.carinata)。本文对其中存活的2条进行了测量和观察,并与山东日照和泰山的报道做了对比,现报道如下,供研究山东两栖爬行动物区系和资源及王锦蛇生物学参考。雄… 相似文献
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孵化温度所驱动的爬行动物的表型变异是生理生态学研究的热点。本研究以王锦蛇(Elaphe carinata)为实验动物,检验了24℃和28℃孵化温度对王锦蛇胚胎代谢速率、孵化过程中的卵重量、孵出幼体代谢和行为的影响。研究结果显示:卵重和胚胎的呼吸代谢均与孵化时间呈正相关;28℃下胚胎代谢速率大于24℃;幼蛇孵出15 d内体重随着生长时间的延长而减小,24℃孵出幼体的代谢速率大于28℃孵出幼体,两温度下孵出幼体的呼吸代谢速率和生长时间无显著关系;28℃孵出幼体的疾游速和吐信频次均大于24℃;两孵化温度孵出幼体的选择体温无显著差异,但在消耗完体内的剩余卵黄后28℃孵出幼体有60%的个体摄食,而24℃孵出幼体无摄食个体。总体而言,王锦蛇28℃孵出幼体适合度优于24℃孵出幼体。 相似文献
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王锦蛇消化道5-羟色胺细胞的免疫组织化学定位 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
应用抗生物素蛋白-生物素-过氧化物酶复合物(Avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex,ABC)免疫组织化学方法对王锦蛇(Elaphe carinata)消化道5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)细胞的分布密度进行了观察。5-HT细胞在胃幽门部最高,胃体和十二指肠其次,食道、空肠和直肠最低。王锦蛇5-HT细胞的分布特点可能与其食性和生活环境有关。 相似文献
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目的 明确细胞外基质弹性纤维和胶原纤维在不同年龄阶段鼠主动脉中的表达规律.方法 分别采用Van Gieson染色、弹性蛋白免疫荧光染色和Masson染色,观察小鼠胸主动脉在不同年龄阶段(出生后3天、3月、6月和16月龄)的弹性膜形成、弹性蛋白和胶原纤维的表达变化;采用透射电子显微镜术观察12月和18月龄大鼠腹主动脉细胞... 相似文献
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大鼠左室肌凝蛋白重链同功酶谱的增龄性变化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直平板电泳法分析了5—60周龄的大鼠左心室肌凝蛋白重链同功酶(myosinheavychainisoenzymes,MI)。结果表明:大鼠幼年期MI以高ATP酶活性的V1形式存在(5周龄:V1=98.92±1.47%),随着年龄增长,V2(10周龄:3.54±2.42%)和V3(15周龄6.31±3.48%)依次出现并逐步增加,到28周时V1、V2、V3分别为61.36±11.71%、20.11±4.98%和13.52±5.32%,随后基本稳定于该水平;以V1/V3为指标分析各周龄组大鼠,可见V1/V3具有增龄性的下降趋势,但均以V1占优势(60周:V1/V3=3.85±0.95);同功酶谱变化以及它与左室重量相关分析表明,同功酶谱增龄性变化主要发生在大鼠生命的早期,并且这种变化可能与左室重量的增长有关。 相似文献
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用“心力环”表达心泵的“力效应”,以侧位肢体导联心电图来检测心脏传导系统的反应,在10条麻醉开胸狗上,观察了急性低氧条件下心泵的力学变化和心电活动演变过程的联系。在急性低氧早期,“心力环”即开始增大和“心力效率”(SV/FL_o)降低时,心电传导时间和心室复极化过程均没有明显改变(P>0.05)。直到以“心力环”环体减小及“心力效率”增加为特征的心泵衰竭出现时,才呈现心室复极化过程的明显缺氧性改变:ST_(Ⅱ)段抬高(P<0.05),T_(Ⅱ)波振幅显著增加(P<0.01);并伴以心率明显地降低(P<0.05)。在10条狗中有4条发生室性早搏或室颤等明显心率紊乱,它们均出现于“心力环”环体显著减小的严重泵衰竭时。另有8条狗在相似的实验条件下的结果表明,心泵衰竭时心肌乳酸含量明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。本研究结果提示,心泵“力效应”变化在急性低氧过程中发生得较早。这样,在评价心泵对急性低氧的耐受性上,心泵“力效应”比心脏电活动更为敏感。 相似文献
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脑梗塞患者血清抗心磷脂抗体含量变化的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
刘池波 《中国微生态学杂志》2007,19(3):282-283
目的探讨脑梗塞患者血清中抗心磷脂抗体(ACA)含量变化的意义。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对80例脑梗塞患者血清中ACA含量进行检测,并与40例作为对照组进行比较。结果脑梗塞组血清中ACA阳性率明显高于对照组(P<0.01);ACA分型中,脑梗塞组血清中IgG阳性率明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论检测血清中ACA含量,可作为研究ACA与脑梗塞关系的一项可靠指标,对脑梗塞的病理机制研究以及对疾病的预防、治疗和预后判断可能有一定帮助。 相似文献
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目的:研究红细胞形态学参数对心肌梗死患者诊断作用及其与心肌酶谱的相关性。方法:选取40例心肌梗死患者,40例稳定型心绞痛组患者,40例健康对照组人群。对比分析稳定性心绞痛、急性心肌梗死(入院1h内)和对照组红细胞形态学参数(MCV、MCH、MCHC、RDW)、及心肌酶谱(CK-MB、c Tn I)。分析心肌梗死不同时间MCV、MCH、MCHC、RDW变化趋势。结果:稳定性心绞痛、心肌梗死组1 h内MCV、RDW明显高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);稳定性心绞痛、心肌梗死组1 h内MCHC、MCH低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。心肌梗死组MCV、RDW在发病后1 h、24 h、48 h、7 d水平逐渐升高,各时间点间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。心肌梗死组发病后1 h、24 h、48 h、7 d、14 d MCHC、MCH水平逐渐降低,各时间点间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。RDW和CK-MB、c Tn I呈正相关性(P0.05)。RDW对心肌梗死诊断的灵敏度最高达到93.4%,特异度为69.7%,RDW对急性心肌梗塞的诊断临界值为14.04%。结论:RDW对心肌梗死的诊断具有较高的敏感性,可用于临床早期诊断心肌梗死,为临床诊断提供一新的诊断标准。 相似文献
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2005年7月26 13和2006年11月6日,在宁夏贺兰山国家级自然保护区大水渠沟护林点附近和滚苏公路苏峪口至贺兰口公路旁采集到蛇类标本2条,经鉴定为王锦蛇Elaphe carinata,是宁夏回族自治区爬行动物新纪录种(于有志等,1990;王香亭,1990;刘晓红等,2004;代金霞等,2007).前者为王锦蛇活体和该蛇的蛇蜕标本,拍照和记录后活休放生;后者王锦蛇标本存放在宁夏贺兰山国家级自然保护区管理局标本室,标本号:HLS-R104(图版,封3). 相似文献
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目的 探讨王锦蛇血清对尖吻蝮蛇毒的抑制作用。方法 王锦蛇血清与不同剂量的尖吻蝮蛇毒分别混合后,注射到小鼠背皮下,测定王锦蛇血清对尖吻蝮蛇毒的抗出血活力;腹腔注射此混合物后,测定王锦蛇血清对尖吻蝮蛇毒的抗毒效价;先后注射尖吻蝮蛇毒和王锦蛇血清,测定王锦蛇血清对尖吻蝮蛇毒引起的死亡、组织损伤和炎症的抑制、保护和治疗作用。结果 1ml王锦蛇血清可完全抑制10mg(干重)的尖吻蝮蛇毒的出血活力;1ml王锦蛇血清可中和11mg(干重)尖吻蝮蛇毒的致死活力;王锦蛇血清对由尖吻蝮蛇毒引起的致死、组织损伤和炎症有显著的抑制、保护和治疗作用。结论 王锦蛇血清是尖吻蝮蛇毒的强抑制剂,可能成为未来新的蛇伤治疗药物的原料。 相似文献
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Chen-Pan Liao Jung-Ya Hsu Shi-Ping Huang Rulon W. Clark Jhan-Wei Lin Hui-Yun Tseng Wen-San Huang 《Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society》2021,288(1944)
Ecologists have long theorized that apex predators stabilize trophic systems by exerting a net protective effect on the basal resource of a food web. Although experimental and observational studies have borne this out, it is not always clear what behavioural mechanisms among the trophically connected species are responsible for this stability. Fear of intraguild predation is commonly identified as one such mechanism in models and mesocosm studies, but empirical evidence in natural systems remains limited, as the complexity of many trophic systems renders detailed behavioural studies of species interactions challenging. Here, we combine long-term field observations of a trophic system in nature with experimental behavioural studies of how all the species in this system interact, in both pairs and groups. The results demonstrate how an abundant, sessile and palatable prey item (sea turtle eggs, Chelonia mydas) survives when faced by three potential predators that all readily eat eggs: an apex predator (the stink ratsnake, Elaphe carinata) and two mesopredators (the brown rat, Rattus norvegicus, and kukri snake, Oligodon formosanus). Our results detail how fear of intraguild predation, conspecific cannibalism, habitat structure and territorial behaviour among these species interact in a complex fashion that results in high egg survival. 相似文献
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Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. The underlying mechanisms involved in cardiac dysfunction and heart failure are poorly understood. In this study, 2-DE was utilised to map, for the first time, proteins of normal, nonfailing mouse ventricular tissues to form a basis for future comparative analysis of mouse models with cardiovascular disorders. Proteins were obtained from ventricles of C57BL6 mice, aged 18 wk, and separated by 2-DE. A total of 150 protein spots, corresponding to 77 distinct proteins, were identified by MALDI-TOF MS. The proteins identified in mouse ventricles covered a wide range of biological processes (e.g. cell cycle, muscle contraction and signal transduction), with the majority of proteins contributing to cardiomyocyte energetics and cell structure. This 2-D gel map of mouse myocardial proteins will be an invaluable tool in proteomic research for the detection of protein changes and identifying cardiac biomarkers of cardiovascular disease. 相似文献
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F. Dorri P. F. Niederer P. P. Lunkenheimer 《Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering》2013,16(5):319-341
Local wall stress is the pivotal determinant of the heart muscle's systolic function. Under in vivo conditions, however, such stresses cannot be measured systematically and quantitatively. In contrast, imaging techniques based on magnetic resonance (MR) allow the determination of the deformation pattern of the left ventricle (LV) in vivo with high accuracy. The question arises to what extent deformation measurements are significant and might provide a possibility for future diagnostic purposes. The contractile forces cause deformation of LV myocardial tissue in terms of wall thickening, longitudinal shortening, twisting rotation and radial constriction. The myocardium is thereby understood to act as a densely interlaced mesh. Yet, whole cycle image sequences display a distribution of wall strains as function of space and time heralding a significant amount of inhomogeneity even under healthy conditions. We made similar observations previously by direct measurement of local contractile activity. The major reasons for these inhomogeneities derive from regional deviations of the ventricular walls from an ideal spheroidal shape along with marked disparities in focal fibre orientation. In response to a lack of diagnostic tools able to measure wall stress in clinical routine, this communication is aimed at an analysis and functional interpretation of the deformation pattern of an exemplary human heart at end-systole. To this end, the finite element (FE) method was used to simulate the three-dimensional deformations of the left ventricular myocardium due to contractile fibre forces at end-systole. The anisotropy associated with the fibre structure of the myocardial tissue was included in the form of a fibre orientation vector field which was reconstructed from the measured fibre trajectories in a post mortem human heart. Contraction was modelled by an additive second Piola–Kirchhoff active stress tensor. As a first conclusion, it became evident that longitudinal fibre forces, cross-fibre forces and shear along with systolic fibre rearrangement have to be taken into account for a useful modelling of systolic deformation. Second, a realistic geometry and fibre architecture lead to typical and substantially inhomogeneous deformation patterns as they are recorded in real hearts. We therefore, expect that the measurement of systolic deformation might provide useful diagnostic information. 相似文献
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Yamada Y Wang XD Yokoyama S Fukuda N Takakura N 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2006,342(2):662-670
Cardiomyocyte (CM) regeneration is limited in adult life and is not sufficient to prevent myocardial infarction. Hence, the identification of a useful source of CM progenitors is of great interest for possible use in regenerative therapy. Mesenchymal stem cells in bone marrow, embryonic stem cells, and skeletal myoblasts are known sources of CM repletion; however, there are a number of critical problems for clinical application. In this study, we succeeded to identify CM progenitor cells in brown adipose tissue (BAT). Moreover, we showed that CM progenitor cells in BAT that existed in CD29-positive population could differentiate into CM with high efficiency. To confirm the in vivo effect of CD29(+)BAT-derived cells (BATDCs), we transplanted these cells into infarct border zone of an acute myocardial infarction model in rat. Results clearly indicated that implantation of CD29(+) BATDCs led to the reduction of the infarction area and improvement of left ventricular function by replacing newly developed CMs in comparison with that by CD29(+) white adipose tissue-derived cells or control saline. These findings suggest that BATDCs are one of the useful sources for a new strategy in CM regeneration. 相似文献
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本物种为Boulenger1916年第1次报道,标本采自中国赤峰,长期以来一直被作为棕黑锦蛇的一个亚种。作者经过三十余年的调查和饲养研究,发现其形态特征和地理分布均与棕黑锦蛇Elaphe schrenckii(Strauch)有明显的不同。因此,确认其为一独立有效种。 相似文献
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Brixius K Schwinger RH Hoyer F Napp A Renner R Bölck B Kümin A Fischer U Mehlhorn U Werner S Bloch W 《Life sciences》2007,81(10):823-831
Peroxiredoxins (Prx) are a family of antioxidant thioredoxin or glutathione dependent peroxidases. The major functions of Prx comprise modulation of signalling cascades that apply hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and cellular protection against oxidative stress. Nothing is known about Prx isoforms in human myocardium. We investigated the protein expression of Prx isoforms 1-6 in human non-failing (NF, donor hearts, n=6, male, age: 53.3+/-2.1 years) and failing myocardium (DCM, orthotopic heart transplantation, dilated cardiomyopathy, n=15, male, 57.0+/-1.7 years). In addition, we performed immunohistochemical stainings and measured Prx 4 mRNA expression levels (RNAse protection assay). The protein expression of Prx 1-2 was similar in NF and DCM. The protein expression of Prx 3-6 and the mRNA-expression of Prx 4 were decreased in DCM. Immunohistochemical analyses provided evidence that all Prx isoforms are present in cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells. Whereas Prx 1-5 staining was more pronounced in endothelial cells, Prx6 staining was more evident in cardiomyocytes. This study provides evidence that Prx are differentially regulated in DCM. The selective downregulation of peroxiredoxin 3-6 isoforms may point towards a subcellular specific dysregulation of the antioxidative defence during the development of DCM. 相似文献