新疆鹅喉羚的种群结构

１９９２年８～９月和１９９３年９月,作者在新疆北部鹅喉羚北疆亚种（ＧａｚｅｌｌａｓｕｂｇｕｔｔｒｏｓａＳａｉｒｅｎｓｉｓ）分布区（天山以北）设置１９条样带,总长８１８ｋｍ,观测点至动物的平均垂直距离２４８．３ｍ,面积４０５．８ｋｍ２的调查统计,见鹅喉羚６２群次,共２２１只。样带中动物的平均密度为０．７１±０．１７只／ｋｍ２。对能判别性别和成幼的１６条样带中的３７群次１１３只统计,雌：雄＝１：１．０５,成：幼＝２．４：１。对８条样带中的１６群次５０只统计,母：仔＝１：１．４。１９９３年２月和１０月,我们还在新疆南部鹅喉羚南疆亚种（Ｇ．ｓ．ｙａｒｋａｎｄｅｎｓｉｓ）分布区（天山以南）,设置８条样带,长２３０ｋｍ,平均垂直距离２９９ｍ,面积１１６ｋｍ２的调查统计,见鹅喉羚１７群次５１只,平均密度０．５７±０．２６只／ｋｍ２。     

广西龙虎山猕猴种群生态特征

１９８８～１９９５年,采用定点观察法和绝对计数与相对计数结合法对龙虎山猕猴种群生态作了调查研究。１９９０年核心区有猕猴１４群,５００只左右,猴群密度１．６群／ｋｍ２,种群密度５５．６只／ｋｍ２．猴群大小平均３３．８±２３．１（ｎ＝６）只。一般每隔４～５年分群一次,猴群群体年均增长率１４．８％,种群年均增长率为９．７％。猴群中成年猴性比为７．６±６．５（ｎ＝１２）,１～３岁组的性比为０．７４±０．６１（ｎ＝４）,群内未成年猴比例为６７．７±３．１％（ｎ＝１２）。发情交配期最早１１月１２日,最晚次年１月２０日,高峰期１２月上旬,持续３个月．产仔期最早４月１日,最晚８月１４日,高峰期５月上旬,持续时间４个半月．繁殖率４５．５％～１００％,平均７５．４±１３．２％（ｎ＝２１）。新生猴死亡率较低,新生猴性比（雌：雄）平均０．７４±０．３４（ｎ＝５）。     

佛坪自然保护区羚牛的种群数量与结构特征

１９９６年对佛坪自然保护区内的羚牛种群进行了数量调查,结果表明,保护区内羚牛的数量为４３５～５２７只,种群密度达到１．２９～１．５６只／ｋｍ２。羚牛种群的成体雌雄个体之比约为１∶０．５,明显地偏向雌性。在羚牛种群中幼仔占１２．２４％,亚成体占３５．０３％,成年雄性个体占１７．３３％,成年雌性个体占３５．４０％。该羚牛种群在１９９１年至１９９６年间的年均增长率为１８．４８％,明显高于１９８４至１９９１年间羚牛种群的年均增长率。保护区周边地区的生境不断丧失,迫使羚牛向保护区境内迁移,是保护区内羚牛种群数量在短期内迅速升高的原因。     

四川马边大风顶自然保护区林麝种群密度初步分析

本文利用分层抽样粪堆计数法对马边大风顶自然保护４种不同生境中林麝种群密度进行了调查,结果表明,常绿阔叶林内林麝密度最高,为２．２２６只／ｋｍ＾２,常绿落阔混交林为１．１１只／ｋｍ＾２,针阔混交林为０．２６只／ｋｍ＾２,针叶林中无林麝分布。保护区内林麝密度较低与人为干扰破坏严重有关。     

王瓜的组织培养和快速繁殖

１植物名称王瓜（Ｔｒｉｃｈｏｓａｎｔｈｅｓｃｕｃ－ｕｍｅｒｏｉｄｅｓ），采自浙江天目山。２材料类别顶芽、带腋芽的茎段。３培养条件诱导分化培养基：（１）ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ０．５ｍｇ·Ｌ－１（单位下同）；（２）ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ１；（３）ＭＳ＋６．ＢＡ２＋２，４－Ｄ１。诱导生根与生长培养基：（４）ＭＳ；（５）ＭＳ＋ＩＡＡ２；（６）ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ１＋２，４－Ｄ１。每种培养基均附加３％蔗糖，０，７％琼脂，ｐＨ５．８。培养温度（２５±１）℃，光照每天１２ｈ，光照度２０００１ｘ左右。４生长与分化情况４．１无菌材料的…     

安徽虫瘟霉菌株的强毒杀蚜应与侵染速率

报道安徽虫瘟霉（Ｚｏｏｐｈｔｈｏｒａ ａｎｈｕｉｅｎｓｉｓ）菌株Ｆ９７０２８对桃蚜（Ｍｙｚｕｓ ｐｅｒｓｉｃａｅ）的强毒杀蚜活性。以７个孢子剂量（０．４￣１０．４个孢子／ｍｍ＾２）接种２￣３龄若蚜（５２￣８６头／剂量）,连续观察７ｄ,所获数据经时间－剂量－死亡率模型模拟分析,接种后第３￣７ｄ的ＬＤ５０分别为３４．８、８７、１．５、０．７和０．４个孢子／ｍｍ＾２;在所有剂量范围内ＬＴ５０为２．９￣６     

玉米赤霉烯酮单克隆抗体和免疫酶技术研究

采用蛋白质连接技术合成玉米赤霉烯酮抗原,免疫Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ鼠,通过淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术建立六株分泌抗玉米赤霉烯酮的单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株。间接酶联免疫吸附试验测定细胞上清抗体效价为１：２０８４（４Ｈ８）、１：２５６（６Ｈ９、４Ｈ３、２Ｈ５、２Ｃ８）１：１６（３Ｆ１０）;腹水抗体效价为１０＾９（４Ｈ３、４Ｈ８）、１０＾８（２Ｈ５）、１０＾７（６Ｈ９）、１０＾５（３Ｈ１０）。竞争间接酶联免疫吸附试验测定六     

黄眉姬Weng繁殖生态的观察

１９９２－１９９４年的５－９月,在山西庞泉沟自然保护区对黄眉姬Ｗｅｎｇ的繁殖生态作了观察,结果表明,该鸟的迁期为５月中旬和９月上旬,种群密度为６．６只／ｋｍ＾２,窝卵数４－６枚,孵卵期１２－１３ｄ,孵化率为８９．５％,育雏期１２ｄ     

剪切应力对毛细血管内皮细胞代谢的影响

建立的平行平板流协腔装置适用于研究血管内皮细胞代谢对剪切流场的响应。将培养的人胚肾小球血管单层内皮细胞置于剪应力分别为５＊１０＾－５Ｎ／ｃｍ＾２,１＊１０＾－４Ｎ／ｃｍ＾２和１．５＊１０＾－４Ｎ／ｃｍ＾２的定常层流中剪切２５小时。     

四种无尾两栖动物的核型和银染

本文报道了二种角蟾和二种树蛙的核型和银染ＮＯＲ：无量出角蟾：２ｎ＝２６（２４＋２ＳＭ），５＋８，ＳＣ和Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ位于６ｑ＾ｐｅｒ沙坪角蟾：２ｎ＝２６（１６Ｍ＋８ＳＭ＋２ＳＴ），５＋８，ＳＣ位于１ｑ＾ｐｅｒ，但Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ有二对，分别是ｌｑ＾ｐｅｒ和２ｑ＾ｐｅｒ；黑蹼树蛙：２ｎ＝２６（２４Ｍ＋２ＳＭ），５＋８，ＳＣ和Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ在ｌｐ＾ｉｎｔｅｒ；背条跳树蛙；２ｎ＝１６（１２Ｍ＋４ＳＭ），Ｓ     

Simultaneous measurement of the trace elements Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum and their reference ranges by ICP-MS

The goal of this article was to establish reference ranges of the concentration of trace elements in human serum and to compare these results with those reported by other authors. We describe the sample preparation and measurement conditions that allow the rapid, precise, and accurate determination of Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum samples (n=110) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Accuracy and precision were determined by analyzing three reconstituted reference serum samples by comparison with other methods and by the standard addition procedure. The advantages of the ICP-MS method include short time of analysis of the elements mentioned, low detection limit, high precision, and high accuracy. Disadventages include a high risk of contamination due to the presence of some of the elements of interest in the environment, the relatively delicate sample handling, and the high cost of the equipment.     

Distribution of N,P, K,Ca, Mg,S, Zn,Fe, Mn and Cu in groundnut

Summary Concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in summer groundnut crop was higher than in kharif while Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu contents were higher in summer crop. Kernel's N, P and Zn; Leaflet's Ca and Mn; Stem's K and Fe; Root's S and Cu and Petiole's Mg contents were highest. Shell's N, P, K, Mg, S, Zn and Cu; Kernel's Ca, Fe and Mn contents were the least. N, P, K, S, Zn and Cu concentrations decreased linearly as the crop grew. Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations did not display any distinct pattern. Ca concentration was positively correlated with pod yield in both the seasons.     

Crystal structure, detonation performance, and thermal stability of a new polynitro cage compound: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptacyclo [5.5.1.13, 11. 15, 9] pentadecane

A new polynitro cage compound 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptcyclo [5.5.1.1(3,11).1(5,9)] pentadecane (NNNAHP) was designed in the present work. Its molecular structure was optimized at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level of density functional theory (DFT) and crystal structure was predicted using the Compass and Dreiding force fields and refined by DFT GGA-RPBE method. The obtained crystal structure of NNNAHP belongs to the P-1 space group and the lattice parameters are a = 9.99 ?, b = 10.78 ?, c = 9.99 ?, α = 90.01°, β = 120.01°, γ = 90.00°, and Z = 2, respectively. Based on the optimized crystal structure, the band gap, density of state, thermodynamic properties, infrared spectrum, strain energy, detonation characteristics, and thermal stability were predicted. Calculation results show that NNNAHP has detonation properties close to those of CL-20 and is a high energy density compound with moderate stability.     

Reference values for the concentrations of As,Cd, Co,Cr, Cu,Fe, I,Hg, Mn,Mo, Ni,Pb, Se,and Zn in selected human tissues and body fluids

This report attempts to formulate reference ranges of elemental concentrations for 15 trace elements in selected human tissues and body fluids. A set of samples consisting of whole blood, blood serum, urine, milk, liver, and hair were chosen and considered for 15 elements of biological significance: As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, I, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn. The results represent wholly or partially data received from 40 countries of the global regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, North, South, and Central America, Australia, and New Zealand. This survey, even if qualitative, has been useful in demonstrating certain trends of trace-element scenarios around the world. It is of course recognized that both diet and environment exert a strong influence on the distribution pattern of several elements, such as As, Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn. A limited comparison of the available information on soil status of different countries reflected some interesting associations for elements, such as Mn and Zn. Importantly, this study revealed that only a few countries were in a position to identify a reasonable amount of data on samples requested for this project. Regretably, for a number of countries, any dependable data for even such essential elements as Cu, Fe, and Zn were not available. In view of the nutritional importance of many elements, the time is ripe for concerted efforts by intergovernmental agencies to initiate investigations or commission task forces/projects to generate reliable reference data for selected global regions, which sadly lack data of any kind at present.     

Relations of the Al,B, Ba,Br, Ca,Cl, Cu,Fe, K,Li, Mg,Mn, Na,P, S,Si, Sr,and Zn mass fractions to morphometric parameters in pediatric and nonhyperplastic young adult prostate glands

The variation with age of the 18 trace element mass fractions and some histological characteristics of intact prostate glands of 50 subjects aged 0–30 years was investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and a quantitative morphometric analysis. Mean values ± standard error of the mean (M ± SΕΜ) for the mass fractions (in milligrams per kilogram wet tissue) of these trace elements in pre-puberty were: Al 28.5 ± 9.0, B 0.40 ± 0.11, Ba 1.48 ± 0.44, Br 10.5 ± 1.5, Ca 241 ± 30, Cl 3,203 ± 278, Cu 3.51 ± 0.89, Fe 33.7 ± 4.1, K 2,364 ± 145, Li 0.020 ± 0.004, Mg 153 ± 23, Mn 0.46 ± 0.06, Na 2,286 ± 130, P 1,391 ± 100, S 1,698 ± 132, Si 62 ± 11, Sr 0.38 ± 0.08, and Zn 27.6 ± 2.3. During puberty and postpuberty, when there is a significant increase in circulating androgens, the mean values were: Al 7.2 ± 1.4, B 0.21 ± 0.05, Ba 0.25 ± 0.06, Br 5.8 ± 1.0, Ca 433 ± 81, Cl 2,314 ± 201, Cu 1.77 ± 0.13, Fe 20.9 ± 1.6, K 2,585 ± 118, Li 0.0088 ± 0.0014, Mg 232 ± 27, Mn 0.34 ± 0.04, Na 1,875 ± 107, P 1,403 ± 98, S 1,673 ± 73, Si 22.2 ± 3.1, Sr 0.22 ± 0.03, and Zn 93.3 ± 8.9. Mean values (M ± SΕΜ) of percent volumes (%) of the stroma, epithelium and lumen in the prostate before puberty were 73.4 ± 2.6, 20.4 ± 1.7, and 4.45 ± 0.94, respectively, versus 46.5 ± 2.5, 38.5 ± 1.9, and 14.9 ± 1.2 during puberty and postpuberty. This work’s results confirm that the Zn mass fraction in prostate tissue is an androgen-dependent parameter. For the first time it has been demonstrated that the glandular lumen is a main pool of Ca, Mg, and Zn accumulation and that the stroma is a main pool of Al, B, Ba, Br, Cl, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na, and Si accumulation in the normal human prostate, for the age range 0–30 years. It was concluded that the Ca, Mg, and Zn binds tightly within the prostatic fluid, because the volume of glandular lumen reflects the volume of prostatic fluid.     

The Effect of Age and Gender on Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Sr, V, and Zn Contents in Rib Bone of Healthy Humans

The effect of age and gender on major, minor, and trace element contents in the intact rib bone of 80 relatively healthy 15–55-year-old women and men was investigated. Contents or upper limit of contents of 16 chemical elements in the rib bone were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Mean values (M?±?SΕΜ) for the mass fraction of Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Na, P, S, Sr, and Zn (milligram per kilogram of dry bone) were as follows: 2.54?±?0.16, 171,400?±?4,050, 1.35?±?0.22, 140?±?11, 1,874?±?71, 0.049?±?0.011, 2,139?±?38, 5,378?±?88, 75,140?±?1,660, 1,881?±?51, 291?±?20, and 92.8?±?1.5, respectively. The upper limits of contents of Al, B, Mn, and V were <7.20, <0.65, <0.36, and <0.03, respectively. Statistically significant tendency for the Ca, Mg, and P content to decrease with age was found in the human rib bone, regardless of gender. The mass fraction of Fe in the male rib bone increases with age. It was shown that higher Ca, Mg, Na, P, and Sr mass fractions as well as lower Fe content were typical of female ribs as compared to those in male ribs.     

Caprine blood groups. 2. The C,G, H,I, J,K, L,N, and Q systems

Nine blood group systems of goats were identified using 12 caprine reagents produced by absorption of alloimmune antisera. The caprine C blood group system, possibly homologous to the ovine C blood group system, was characterized by two reagents and shown to be controlled by three alleles,C ¹²,C ²⁵, andC ⁻. A more complex blood group system of goats, designated G, was identified using three reagents and shown to be controlled by six codominant alleles (G ^10.19.20,G ^10.19,G ^10.20,G ¹⁰,G ¹⁹,G ²⁰) and a recessive allele (G ⁻). A further seven one-factor two-allelic systems were identified by seven reagents. The nine genetic systems provided exclusion probabilities of 0.479, 0.492, 0.548, and 0.572 in Australian Angora, Dairy, Cashmere, and Texan Angora goat breeds, respectively. This work was supported by a grant from the Australian Stud Book, Alison Road, Randwick, New South Wales 2031, Australia.     

Monovalent Cation Permeation through the Connexin40 Gap Junction Channel : Cs,Rb, K,Na, Li,TEA, TMA,TBA, and Effects of Anions Br,Cl, F,Acetate, Aspartate,Glutamate, and NO3

The unitary conductances and permeability sequences of the rat connexin40 (rCx40) gap junction channels to seven monovalent cations and anions were studied in rCx40-transfected neuroblastoma 2A (N2A) cell pairs using the dual whole cell recording technique. Chloride salt cation substitutions (115 mM principal salt) resulted in the following junctional maximal single channel current-voltage relationship slope conductances (γ_j in pS): CsCl (153), RbCl (148), KCl (142), NaCl (115), LiCl (86), TMACl (71), TEACl (63). Reversible block of the rCx40 channel was observed with TBA. Potassium anion salt γ_j are: Kglutamate (160), Kacetate (160), Kaspartate (158), KNO₃ (157), KF (148), KCl (142), and KBr (132). Ion selectivity was verified by measuring reversal potentials for current in rCx40 gap junction channels with asymmetric salt solutions in the two electrodes and using the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation to calculate relative permeabilities. The permeabilities relative to Li⁺ are: Cs⁺ (1.38), Rb⁺ (1.32), K⁺ (1.31), Na⁺ (1.16), TMA⁺ (0.53), TEA⁺ (0.45), TBA⁺ (0.03), Cl⁻ (0.19), glutamate⁻ (0.04), and NO₃− (0.14), assuming that the monovalent anions permeate the channel by forming ion pairs with permeant monovalent cations within the pore thereby causing proportionate decreases in the channel conductance. This hypothesis can account for why the predicted increasing conductances with increasing ion mobilities in an essentially aqueous channel were not observed for anions in the rCx40 channel. The rCx40 effective channel radius is estimated to be 6.6 Å from a theoretical fit of the relationship of relative permeability and cation radius.