大鼠胚胎发育期NBC1 在胰腺的表达与定位

目的:探讨碳酸氢钠协同转运载体(NBC1)在大鼠胰腺胚胎发育期不同阶段核酸、蛋白水平的动态变化以及在腺泡和β细胞的定位表达。方法:采用高密度寡核苷酸芯片对孕12.5 d(E12.5)、E15.5、E18.5、新生和成年胰腺进行基因转录水平分析,用RT-PCR和Western blot分别验证了NBC1核酸和蛋白在E15.5、E18.5、新生和成年时期胰腺中的表达情况,用Double fluorescence immunohistochemistry分析了NBC1在E18.5、新生和成年时期胰腺腺泡和β细胞的定位表达。结果:在大鼠胰腺胚胎发育过程中,NBC1核酸、蛋白在E18.5时特异高表达,新生下降直至成年最低;在腺泡基底侧膜和β细胞膜有强烈的阳性信号,且在成年胰腺中β细胞膜阳性信号较腺泡基底侧膜强。NBC1的表达变化与其功能近似基因的表达趋势相反,而与其协同发挥作用的基因及胰腺特异基因的表达趋势一致。结论:NBC1在胰腺发育过程中不仅与结构形成而且与功能发挥相关。     

大鼠胰腺发育中原癌基因c-met的表达及蛋白定位

目的:研究原癌基因c-met在大鼠胰腺发育不同阶段的表达及定位.方法:采用RT-PCR技术检测c-met基因在大鼠胰腺不同发育时期:孕15.5天(E15.5)和孕18.5天、新生、生后14天(P14)、P21及成年胰腺的表达.并用免疫组化技术对该基因编码的蛋白-肝细胞生长因子受体c-MET蛋白在胰腺发育不同阶段的定位进行分析.结果:c-met基因在E15.5、E18.5较成年特异性高表达.免疫组化结果显示该基因编码的蛋白c-MET在新生后的胰腺大量定位与胰岛细胞.结论:提示c-met可能在胰腺发育过程中起到调控作用,参与胰腺发育中新生后胰岛结构重塑过程.     

大鼠胰腺发育过程中AFP动态表达的意义

目的:探索大鼠胰腺发育过程中AFP动态表达的意义.方法:采用高密度寡核苷酸芯片对胚胎12.5天(E12.5)、E15.5、E18.5、初生和成年大鼠胰腺进行基因转录水平分析.结果:AFP显著高表达于E18.5大鼠胰腺,AFP在胚胎期的动态表达趋势与胰腺功能细胞标志物以及可能介导AFP促细胞增殖效应的有关信号系统成员的表达趋势一致.结论:AFP在大鼠胰腺发育过程中动态表达的生物学意义可能在于参与胰腺发育调控.     

大鼠不同发育阶段胰腺Wnt5a的表达

目的:探讨大鼠胰腺不同发育阶段与胰岛形成和功能完善相关基因的表达趋势.方法:分离孕12.5d(E12.5)、E15.5d(E15.5)、18.5d(E18.5),新生(P0),生后14天(P14)、21d(P21)及成年(AP)大鼠胰腺组织,采用高密度寡核苷酸芯片对E12.5、E15.5、E18.5、P0和AP胰腺进行基因转录水平分析,并用RT-PCR验证wnt5a在不同发育时期的表达.结果:与胰岛功能相关基因多从胚胎18.5d开始出现明显高表达;与细胞迁移、聚集黏附相关基因多在胚胎18.5d高表达;WNT信号通路相关基因在胚胎15.5d表达量最高,wnt5a在胚胎15.5d表达量达到高峰.结论:wnt5a可能与胰岛形成、功能完善及出生后的胰腺重塑有关.     

大鼠胰腺发育不同阶段基因表达分析

目的:探讨大鼠胰腺发育不同阶段基因表达规律.方法:运用高通量基因芯片技术检测大鼠胰腺从胚胎12.5天(E12.5)到成年不同时期基因表达情况.结果:基因芯片所涵盖的基因59%在E12.5有表达,65%在15.5有表达,63%在E18.8有表达,53%在新生胰腺中有表达,38%在成年胰腺中有表达.E18.5相对于E15.5表达上调的基因中代谢相关的酶类有121条,占上调基因的18.2%,E18.5相对于E15.5表达下调的基因主要是一些转录因子和骨架蛋白.结论:在大鼠胰腺的发育过程中,早中期以细胞分化为主,而后期则是以细胞功能成熟为主.     

大鼠胰腺胚胎发育功能相关基因表达谱的分析

目的:研究大鼠胰腺胚胎发育不同阶段的基因表达谱,对比其功能相关基因随大鼠胰腺发育的变化.方法:采用显微分离及提取技术获得胚胎发育不同阶段胰腺组织并提取RNA,采用高密度寡核普酸芯片(Affemetrix芯片)对胚胎发育至第12.5天、15.5天、18.5天胚胎胰腺及成年胰腺进行基因转录水平分析,用生物信息学方法分析具体基因的表达情况.结果:胰腺的生物学功能尤其beta细胞功能相关基因insulin RNA,amylopsin RNA,GLUT-2 RNA等在胚胎15.5及18.5天显著高表达.结论:E15.5到E18.5直至出生是胰腺功能完善和成熟的阶段,这个时期以细胞功能成熟为主.     

NBC1在大鼠生后胰腺发育中的表达

目的:研究碳酸氢钠协同转运栽体(NBCl)在大鼠生后胰腺发育过程中的表达变化及细胞定位.方法:采用RT-PCR和Westem blot分别检测了NBC1核酸和蛋白在新生(PO)、P7、P14、P21和成年时期胰腺的表达情况,用Double fluorescence immunohistochemistry 分析了NBC1在P7、P14和成年时期腺泡和β细胞的定位表达.结果:在大鼠胰腺生后发育过程中,NBC1核酸、蛋白在P14时特异高表达,而在P7和成年最低;在腺泡基底侧膜和β细胞膜有阳性信号,且在成年胰腺中β细胞膜阳性信号较腺泡基底侧膜强.结论:NBC1在生后发育重塑旺盛期特异高表达,而在凋亡旺盛期和成年期表达最低.与腺泡细胞相比在成年期NBC1更集中于β细胞.提示NBC1在胰腺生后发育过程中不仅与胰岛结构重塑而且与胰腺功能发挥相关.     

大鼠E12.5胰腺间质细胞原代培养及鉴定

目的:体外分离培养大鼠胚胎胰腺间质细胞(pancreas mesenchymal cells).方法:以孕12.5天(E12.5)的大鼠胚胎为组织来源,通过显微分离得到E12.5的胚胎胰腺,在鼠尾胶原包覆的六孔板内进行组织块培养,观察培养过程中胰芽的形态变化,间质细胞的长出,并用细胞免疫荧光的方法对间质细胞进行了鉴定.结果:显微分离得到了胚胎胰腺,为间质细胞群包绕着上皮细胞团的结构,培养第二天即发现间质细胞的长出,培养第四天时得到间质细胞群,免疫荧光鉴定为vimentin 阳性的间质细胞.结论:本方法通过大鼠E12.5胚胎胰腺显微分离.体外培养出原代胚胎胰腺间质细胞,为进一步研究大鼠胰腺间质细胞的功能提供实验平台.     

应用蛋白质组学的方法筛选胰腺干细胞标记物

探索利用蛋白质组学的方法筛选胰腺干细胞的标记物.通过大鼠胰腺大部分切除(Px)的方法建立胰腺增生模型,采用双向电泳(2DE)分离比较Px术后第3天大鼠增生胰腺组织与假手术(Sx)非增生胰腺组织蛋白质的表达谱差异,用基质辅助激光解吸离子化飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)和肽质量指纹图谱(PMF)的方法对差异蛋白进行鉴定,进一步经生物信息学检索,筛选与胚胎发育和细胞分化相关的蛋白质分子.蛋白质印迹分析蛋白质HSP47、Vimentin在Px大鼠胰腺组织中的表达,以验证2DE的结果.2DE显示Sx和Px大鼠胰腺组织平均蛋白质点数分别为(1369±31)和(1315±28)个,其中共有91个蛋白质点出现1.5倍以上的表达差异.所有差异蛋白质点PMF鉴定出53种蛋白质,其中Vimentin,cytokeratin8(CK8),lymphocytecytosolicprotein1(L-plastin),heterogeneousnuclearribonucleoproteinA2/B1(hnRNPA2/B1)和L-arginine:glycineamidinotransferase(AGAT)与胚胎发育和细胞分化有关,这些蛋白质可能是胰腺干细胞潜在的候选标记物.总之,蛋白质组学的方法利用其高通量的特点能有效发现潜在的胰腺干细胞生物学标记物.     

E1A激活基因阻遏子表达与小鼠胚胎血管发生的关系

目的探讨E1A激活基因阻遏子(CREG)蛋白表达与小鼠动脉形态学发生的关系,了解CREG蛋白在血管发育中的生物学作用。方法制备E9.5d-E18.5d胎鼠、新生1d、28d和2月成鼠不同脏器功能血管的石蜡组织切片,观察主动脉发生过程中的形态学变化;采用免疫组化染色法观察不同发育时相的血管细胞中CREG蛋白和血管平滑肌细胞(vascular smooth muscle cells,VSMCs)标记物肌动蛋白(SMα-actin)的表达变化。结果HE染色显示E9.5d的胚胎血管由单层血管内皮细胞构成,免疫组化显示CREG表达阳性,主要定位于血管壁的单层内皮细胞中,SMα-actin表达为阴性;E10.5d的胚胎血管内皮细胞周围开始出现少量SMα-actin表达阳性的原始VSMCs,同时CREG蛋白表达,定位与SMα-ac-tin蛋白一致。自E12.5d开始SMα-actin蛋白在血管中膜VSMCs中表达增强并持续至成年。CREG蛋白在三层结构的血管细胞中均为阳性表达,其表达强度在E15.5d达到最高,E18.5d表达下降并维持至成年。进一步分析CREG蛋白在成年鼠心、肺、脾和肾等多个脏器血管中的分布,发现所有脏器血管细胞均表达CREG,但表达丰度明显不同,在储存血管和分配血管中CREG蛋白呈高表达,在调节血管中低表达。结论CREG蛋白在小鼠胚胎血管发育早期、持续表达的特点及其在不同脏器功能血管中表达的差异,提示CREG蛋白可能通过调控并维持血管细胞,特别是VSMCs的分化,参与了胚胎血管发生的调控。     

Alpha-fetoprotein is dynamically expressed in rat pancreas during development

To identify proteins involved in pancreatic development, we used a differential proteomics approach by comparing pancreatic extracts from four biologically significant stages of development: embryonic day (E) 15.5, E18.5, postnatal (P) days 0 and adult. By two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-E) and MALDI-TOF MS (Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry) following database searching and protein annotation, 15 proteins were identified as being differently expressed in the pancreas between the four phases. The expression pattern and the localization of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), one of significant changed proteins observed, were further determined. Four isoforms of AFP (72 kDa, 60 kDa, 48 kDa and 37 kDa) were found by Western blotting in the pancreas tested, most of them showed a stronger signal in E18.5 followed by a steady decrease and only a 60-kDa isoform was detected in the adult pancreas. Immunolocalization for AFP revealed that a positive reactivity was detectable at E15.5 pancreas, became stronger in the cytoplasm of mesenchyme cells at E18.5, and declined after birth to a nearly undetectable level in adults. The dynamic expression of AFP in rat pancreas from different stages indicates that AFP might be involved in some aspects of pancreatic development.     

BTG2基因在大鼠胚胎胰腺不同发育阶段的表达

利用高密度寡核苷酸芯片技术对大鼠胚胎胰腺发育中晚期(E12．5,E18．5,E15．5)调节内外分泌部细胞发育分化及功能代谢的基因的表达趋势进行研究。并用RT-PCR进行验证。用获得的基因信息对:NCBI等公共数据库进行检索,结果发现对细胞的分化、增殖和凋亡起调节作用的BTG2基因在大鼠胚胎胰腺E12．5、E15．5、E18．5天及成年、新生大鼠胰腺中均有表达,且E18．5天的表达量高于其他时期5倍多。推测BTG2可能在大鼠胚胎胰腺内外分泌细胞分化发育的不同阶段起到了促进作用,并参与胚胎胰腺发育晚期的功能代谢完善过程。     

C-met及相关基因在m大鼠胰腺发育功能完善中的表达

目的：研究原癌基因c—met及其相关基因在大鼠胰腺发育及细胞功能完善过程中的表达。方法：采用高密度寡核苷酸芯片（Affymetrix芯片）对孕12．5（E12．5）、E15．5和E18．5、新生、成年胰腺进行基因转录水平分析,并用RT—PCR验证基因在大鼠胰腺不同发育时期的表达。结果：c—met基因在E15．5、E18．5较成年特异高表达。芯片中c—met转录调控基因和信号传导通路相关基因的表达趋势与c—met高度相似。RT—PCR（所用引物设计区域与芯片相同）验证,c—met表达趋势与芯片结果相符;与芯片c—met探针所用引物不同RT—PCR,结果却在各发育阶段呈现与芯片不同的表达趋势。结论：提示c—met可能在胰腺发育细胞功能完善的关键阶段起调控作用,参与胚胎胰腺发育中晚期细胞功能完善的信号传导过程。并且c—met在胰腺发育中发挥作用有可能存在不同转录本。     

Differential expression profiling of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma and healthy pancreatic tissue

Due to poor prognosis and lack of effective treatment, pancreatic carcinoma (PC) is a devastating disease. With the goal of contributing to an improved detection, prevention and treatment of the disease, a comparative proteome analysis of PC and normal tissue was carried out. Paired tissue extracts from 12 patients (pancreatic adenocarcinoma and adjacent healthy tissue) were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. Differential protein expression was analyzed by gel comparison with the help of image analysis software. The differentially expressed spots were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. Seventy proteins were more strongly expressed (mostly two-fold or more) in cancerous tissue, while 41 were stronger in normal pancreas respectively. Those spots highly expressed in PC were confirmed in gels from independent individual samples. Among them were several cytoskeletal proteins, small GTP-binding proteins, and members of the S100 protein family etc. Nine proteins had been reported in previous nuclear acid-based studies. The levels of two proteins were confirmed by immunohistochemistry. One of them, fascin, was detected in 13 out of 21 carcinoma and negative in all normal pancreas samples. Moreover, fascin expression was related to the differentiation of pancreatic carcinoma.     

Application of fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis saturation labelling for the analysis of microdissected precursor lesions of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

In order to identify new molecular markers for pancreatic intra-epithelial neoplasias (PanINs), the precursor lesions of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, we established a proteomics approach analysing microdissected PanIN cells. Due to the limited amount of proteins available from microdissection, we developed a procedure including fluorescence dye saturation labelling in combination with high resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. With this procedure we were able to analyse proteins extracted from 1000 microdissected cells with a high resolution of up to 2500 protein spots. Using protein lysates from the pancreatic carcinoma tissue as a reference proteome, we were able to successfully identify the proteins. Thus, we could match approximately 2200 protein spots (92%) of the microdissected sample proteome to the reference proteome for protein identification using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation-time of flight mass spectrometry and nanoliquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry after in-gel digestion. The first proteome analysis of microdissected PanIN-2 grades revealed eight differentially expressed proteins. The differential expression of the three actin filament-associated proteins--transgelin, vimentin and MRCL3 as well as actin itself--indicates a relevant role of the actin cytoskeleton during pancreatic tumour progression. Additionally, two members of the annexin family (annexin A2 and A4) implicate a functional contribution of exocytotic and endocytotic pathways at that stage.     

大鼠脑皮质表达蛋白质组学研究

文章用蛋白质组学方法初步分析大鼠脑皮质蛋白质的表达。提取大鼠脑皮质蛋白质,双向凝胶电泳分离,考马斯亮蓝染色,胰蛋白酶胶内酶解,用基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间质谱对酶解后的肽段进行分析,根据肽质量指纹图谱,检索专业数据库(Swissprot),对蛋白质进行鉴定。鉴定出84个蛋白,分别属于代谢酶、细胞骨架蛋白、热休克蛋白、抗氧化蛋白、信号传导蛋白、蛋白酶体相关蛋白、神经元特异蛋白及神经胶质蛋白等。文章结果丰富了大鼠脑皮质蛋白质组数据库,为在大鼠模型上研究神经疾病奠定了基础。