冬凌草中一新的二萜成分--冬凌草辛素

从河南省鹤壁地区产冬凌〖Ｉｓｏｄｏｎ ｒｕｂｅｓｃｅｎｓ（Ｈｅｍｓｌ．）Ｈａｒａ〗叶中分得一个新地二萜化合物,命名为冬凌草辛素（Ｒｕｂｅｓｃｅｎｓｉｎ Ｈ）〈经ＮＭＲ谱等确定其结构为６β,７β,１４β,１５Ｒ－四羟基－１１β－甲酰氧基－７α,２０－环氧－对映－贝壳杉－１６－烯。     

大萼香茶菜庚素的化学结构

从大萼香茶菜（Ｒａｂｄｏｓｉａ ｍ ａｃｒｏｃａｌｙｘ （Ｄｕｎｎ） Ｈａｒａ）叶的乙醇提取物中又分离到３ 个二萜成分（结晶Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ）,通过ＩＲ、ＭＳ、１Ｈ－１Ｈ ＣＯＳＹ、１３Ｃ－１Ｈ ＣＯＳＹ和ＮＯＥ等光谱分析及衍生物的制备,确定结晶Ⅰ的结构为ｅｎｔ－７β－２０－ｅｐｏｘｙ－６α, ７α,１４α,１５α,１６α－ｐｅｎｔａｈｙｄｒｏｋａｕｒａｎｅ－１７－ａｃ－ｅｔａｔｅ,为新的二萜化合物,命名为大萼香茶菜庚素;结晶Ⅱ和Ⅲ为已知化合物ｒａｂｄｏｐｈｙｌｌｉｎ Ｈ和ｐｏｎｉｃｉｄｉｎ。     

大萼香茶菜乙素和己素的化学结构

从大萼香茶菜［Ｒａｂｄｏｓｉａ ｍ ａｃｒｏｃａｌｙｘ（Ｄｕｎｎ） Ｈａｒａ］叶的乙醇提取物中又分得两种二萜类成分,经ＩＲ、ＭＳ、１ Ｈ－１Ｈ ＣＯＳＹ、１３Ｃ－１ Ｈ ＣＯＳＹ 和ＮＯＥ等光谱分析及衍生物制备,确证其化学结构为新型二萜,分别命名为大萼香茶菜乙素和己素     

朝鲜淫羊藿的化学成分（Ⅱ）

从朝鲜淫羊藿的地上部分分离到七个成分（Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ）。经ＵＶ,ＩＲ,＾１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ,＾１３Ｃ－ＮＭＲ,ＭＳ及化学方法鉴定了它们的结构,分别是ｉｃａｒｉｔｉｎ－３－Ｏ－ａ－Ｌ－ｒｈａｍｎｏｐｙｒａｎｏｓｉｄｅ（Ⅰ）,ｓａｇｉｔｔａｔｏｓｉｄｅ Ａ（Ⅱ）,ｓａｇｉｔｔａｔｏｓｉｄｅ Ｂ（Ⅲ）,３,５,７－ｔｒｉｈｙｄｒｏｘｙｌ－４＾１－ｍｅｔｈｏｘｙ１－８－ｐｒｅｎｙ１－ｆｌａｖｏｎｅ－     

芸薹链格孢致病毒素分析Ⅰ.：腐败菌素B的分离提纯和结构鉴定

芸薹链格孢（Ａｌｔｅｒｎａｒｉａ ｂｒａｓｓｉｃａｅ）在ＰＤ液体培养其中黑暗培养２０ｄ,过滤获得培养滤液,经乙酸乙酯萃取,４５℃减压浓缩得ＡＢ－粗毒素。ＡＢ－粗毒素经ＨＰＬＣ分析,在λ＝ｎｍ波长下具有Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ４个明显的吸收峰。组分Ⅲ的红外吸收光谱、ＦＡＢ／ＭＡＳＳ和＾１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ与已报道的腐败菌素Ｂ基本一致,由此确定组分Ⅲ为腐败菌素Ｂ。试验发现,芸薹链格孢的培养滤液,ＡＢ－粗毒素和毒素组分Ⅲ     

藤山柳的化学成分

从藤山柳〖Ｃｌｅｍａｔｏｃｌｅｔｈｒａ ｓｃａｎｄｅｎｓ（Ｆｒａｎｃｈ．）Ｍａｘｉｍ〗根茎甲醇提取物的石油醚和波谱分析,分离出８个化合物,经理化常数和波谱分析,分别鉴定为：７－羧基贝壳杉烯内酯（１）,蒲公英赛烷醇（２）,桦木酸（３）,乌苏酸（４）,２α,３α,２３－三羟基乌苏－１２－烯－２８－酸（５０,２α３α２３－三羟基乌苏－１２,２０（３０）－二烯－２８０酸（６）,豆甾－４－烯－３,６－二酮（     

CAR－bacillus菌亚单位核糖核酸RNA限制性内切酶图谱的研究

利用生物体中编码亚单位核糖核酸ＲＮＡ（ｓｍａｌｌｓｕｂｕｎｉｔｒｉｂｏｓｏｍａｌ　ＲＮＡ,ＳＳＵｒＲＮＡ）的ＤＮＡ序列为引物,经ＰＣＲ法扩增到ＣＡＲ－ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ的大约１．５ｋｂ的ＳＳＵｒＲＮＡ序列,采用ＨｉｎｄⅡ、ＨｉｎｆⅠ、ＥｃｏＴ１４,ＨａｅⅢ和ｘｈｏⅠ等５种限制性内切酶进行酶切电泳分析,同时比较了来源于小鼠的ＣＢＭ株及来源于大鼠的ＣＢＲ株,未发现两者有差异。     

牛磺酸对血管紧张素Ⅱ改变培养心肌细胞内游离Ca^2＋深度作？…

目的和方法：用Ｆｕｒａ－２／ＡＭ荧光显示测定细胞内游离Ｃａ＾２＋浓度（〖Ｃａ＾２＋〗ｉ）的方法,我们研究了牛磺酸（Ｔａｕ）对血管紧张素Ⅱ（ＡｎｇⅡ）引起的培养心肌细胞（〖Ｃａ＾２＋〗ｉ）变化的影响。结果：在有Ｃａ＾２＋和无Ｃａ＾２＋的缓冲液中,ＡｎｇⅡ（１,１０,１００,１０００ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ）引起的〖Ｃａ＾２＋）ｉ和蔼同。在含Ｃａ＾２＋的缓冲液中,Ｔａｕ（１０,２０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）可隽浓度地抑制Ａｎｇ     

黔产天麻的化学成分

从黔产天麻（Ｇａｓｔｒｏｄｉａ ｅｌａｔａ Ｂｌ．）中分离得到１个新的含氮化合物,命名为天麻羟胺（ｇａｓｔｒｏｄａｍｉｎｅ,Ⅰ）,经波谱分析,确定其结构为双－（对羟苄基）羟胺。除β－谷甾醇和胡萝卜甙外,同时还分离鉴定了３个已知化合的：Ｌ－焦谷氨酸（Ⅱ）、柠檬酸单甲酯（Ⅲ）、柠檬酸双甲酯（Ⅳ）,其中化合物Ⅱ和Ⅳ为首次报道从天麻中得到的。     

两种新紫杉烷类二萜化合物的研究

从云南红豆杉（ＴａｘｕｓｙｕｎｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓＣｈｅｎｇ ｅｔＬ．Ｋ．Ｆｕ）的树皮中分离鉴定了５ 种化合物。通过理化常数及ＩＲ、ＭＳ、１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ、１３Ｃ－ＮＭＲ分析,鉴定为７－表－紫杉醇Ｂ（Ⅰ）、１,１３－二乙酰基－１０－去乙酰基巴卡亭Ⅲ（Ⅱ）、紫杉醇Ｃ－７－木糖甙（Ⅲ）、紫杉醇（Ⅳ）和３－表－熊果酸（Ⅴ）。其中,Ⅰ和Ⅱ为新化合物     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV     

Similar aerosol emission rates and viral loads in upper respiratory tracts for COVID-19 patients with Delta and Omicron variant infection

Highlights
1 Aerosol emission rates of Delta or Omicron patients were similar.
2 Viral loads in upper respiratory tract of Alpha, Delta and Omicron patients were similar.
3 Viral loads in upper respiratory tract of vaccinated or unvaccinated Delta patients had no difference.     

Recombinant human interferon-α1b inhibits SARS-CoV-2 better than interferon-α2b in vitro

Highlights
1) A comprehensive evaluation method for anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs was established based on RT-qPCR, TCID₅₀ method, and immunofluorescence.
2) A significant antiviral effect of rHuIFN-α1b was shown with EC₅₀=0.12 IU/mL in Vero cells and EC₅₀=0.52 IU/mL in Calu-3 cells, which was better than rHuIFN-α2b (EC₅₀=0.25 IU/mL in Vero cells and EC₅₀=2.48 IU/mL in Calu-3 cells).
3) rHuIFN-α1b has a good potential in the application of anti-COVID-19 therapy.     

Continued antigenic variation of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in laying hens in China, 2020–2021

Highlights
1. 13 strains of H7N9 viruses from laying hens in 2020 and 2021 were identified.
2. H7N9 viruses in China comprised at least 11 genotypes.
3. H7N9 viruses are high pathogenic in chickens, not in ducks.
4. The most H7N9 viruses cross-reacted poorly with H7-Re3 antiserum.
5. The H7-Re3 vaccine was unable to prevent H7N9 infection.