超声下腔内激光消融联合点式剥脱治疗大隐静脉曲张的效果和安全性观察

摘要 目的：探讨超声下腔内激光消融联合点式剥脱治疗大隐静脉曲张的效果和安全性观察。方法：选取我院血管外科在2019年1月到2021年12月收治的140例大隐静脉曲张患者作为研究对象。将所有患者依照住院号单双号进行分组,分为联合组与对照组,每组70例。对照组采用常规高位结扎联合抽剥术进行治疗,联合组采用超声下腔内激光消融联合点式剥脱进行治疗。对比两组手术指标、临床疗效、术前术后下肢深静脉瓣膜功能变化以及术后并发症的发生率。结果：联合组的手术耗时较对照组高,术中出血量、切口个数及住院时间均较对照组低（P<0.05）;两组临床疗效分布对比有明显差异,且联合组显效率高于对照组（P<0.05）;术后3个月两组VCT均有缩短,Vmax均有提升,且联合组术后3个月VCT较对照组短,Vmax较对照组高（P<0.05）;联合组术后并发症较对照组低（P<0.05）。结论：对大隐静脉曲张患者采用超声下腔内激光消融联合点式剥脱方法治疗,与常规手术相比疗效更佳,且能够明显改善患者下肢静脉瓣膜功能,安全性高。     

大隐静脉高位结扎联合点式剥脱术对大隐静脉曲张患者术后复发和应激反应的影响

目的:探讨大隐静脉高位结扎联合点式剥脱术治疗大隐静脉曲张的临床疗效,并探讨其对患者术后复发和应激反应的影响。方法:选取2014年9月~2017年6月期间我院收治的大隐静脉曲张患者200例,按随机数字表法分为对照组(100例)和研究组(100例),其中对照组给予大隐静脉高位结扎联合传统剥脱术治疗,研究组给予大隐静脉高位结扎联合点式剥脱术治疗。比较两组术后4周的临床疗效,记录并比较两组患者手术时间、住院时间、下床活动时间、术中出血量,比较两组术前、术后3 d应激反应指标变化,观察两组并发症及复发情况。结果:研究组术后4周临床总有效率为97.00%,高于对照组的76.00%(P0.05)。研究组患者手术时间、住院时间、下床活动时间均较对照组短,术中出血量较对照组少(P0.05)。两组患者术后3 d白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、一氧化氮(NO)水平均较术前升高,但研究组低于对照组(P0.05)。研究组术后并发症总发生率、复发率低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:大隐静脉高位结扎联合点式剥脱术治疗大隐静脉曲张疗效确切,可促进患者的恢复,降低患者的复发率,机体应激反应较小,且安全性较好,具有一定的临床应用价值。     

超声定位穿静脉结扎对下肢静脉性溃疡术后愈合影响的临床研究

目的:观察下肢静脉性溃疡患者穿静脉功能不全情况,探讨超声定位下肢穿静脉结扎对下肢静脉性溃疡术后疗效的影响。方法:40例大隐静脉曲张患者随机分成两组:A组采用大隐静脉高位结扎、静脉腔内微波射频闭合术及超声定位穿静脉结扎治疗,B组采用大隐静脉高位结扎和静脉腔内微波射频闭合术治疗。观察两组患者治疗后静脉性溃疡的愈合时间、复发率及瓣膜功能不全穿静脉数量部位,并比较两组患者临床预后评分。结果:术前两组瓣膜功能不全穿静脉数量分别是47条和44条,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.5520)。术后两组愈合时间分别是(7.5±4.389)周和(11.6±6.489)周,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P=0.048)。两组临床预后评分分别为(2.3±0.6)分和(1.1±1.5)分,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P=0.042)。结论:多普勒超声可有效检测定位瓣膜功能不全的下肢穿静脉,在超声定位下行大隐静脉高位结扎、静脉腔内微波射频闭合术联合穿静脉结扎治疗下肢静脉性溃疡的疗效优于穿静脉不结扎。     

大隐静脉曲张不同手术治疗方法比较

目的:探讨大隐静脉高位结扎加腔内激光治疗大隐静脉曲张的临床意义。方法:150例大隐静脉曲张患者分为A、B两组,其中A组70例,采用大隐静脉高位结扎加剥脱术治疗,B组80例,采用高位结扎加腔内激光治疗,比较两组在手术过程、术后疼痛、术后恢复及并发症发生率等方面的差别。结果:B组患者切口个数、手术时间、术中出血量、止痛药使用百分比和平均住院时间均少于A组(P<0.01或0.05),而两组间24hNRE评分、首次下床时间和并发症发生率比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:大隐静脉高位结扎加腔内激光术的临床疗效优于传统的高位结扎加剥脱术,且患者损伤小、恢复快、疼痛轻,值得临床推广。     

腹腔镜下行下肢静脉曲张围手术期的护理

下肢静脉曲张是外科常见病之一,且发病率较高,传统的治疗方法是采取大隐静脉高位结扎、剥脱加曲张静脉切除术,但切口多,手术时间长,术后恢复慢,瘢痕多。目前采用腹腔镜下行大隐静脉高位结扎,点状剥脱术治疗下肢静脉曲张,具有创伤小,恢复快,可早期下地活动,住院时间短等优点。20     

大隐静脉曲张不同手术治疗方法比较

目的：探讨大隐静脉高位结扎加腔内激光治疗大隐静脉曲张的临床意义。方法：150例大隐静脉曲张患者分为A、B两组,其中A组70例,采用大隐静脉高位结扎加剥脱术治疗,B组80例,采用高位结扎加腔内激光治疗,比较两组在手术过程、术后疼痛、术后恢复及并发症发生率等方面的差别。结果：B组患者切口个数、手术时间、术中出血量、止痛药使用百分比和平均住院时间均少于A组（P〈0.01或0.05）,而两组间24hNRE评分、首次下床时间和并发症发生率比较差异无显著性（P〉0.05）。结论：大隐静脉高位结扎加腔内激光术的临床疗效优于传统的高位结扎加剥脱术,且患者损伤小、恢复快、疼痛轻,值得临床推广。     

改良曲张静脉点式剥除术治疗中老年下肢静脉曲张的临床疗效

目的:探究改良曲张静脉点式剥除术在治疗中老年下肢静脉曲张的临床疗效。方法:收集我院已确诊为下肢静脉曲张的中老年患者37例,分成实验组与对照组。对照组18例行传统曲张静脉点式剥除术,实验组19例行改良曲张静脉点式剥除术。对比两组患者手术后的下肢静脉曲张的治疗效果。结果:实验组有效率(94.7%)显著高于对照组(72.2%),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者手术时间较短、术中出血量较少、下床活动时间较早,术后并发症总治愈率较高,复发率、术后并发症发生率较低,其差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:采用改良曲张静脉点式剥除术治疗中老年下肢静脉曲张的患者能够更彻底的剥除曲张额静脉,有效的改善患肢症状,明显降低复发率。     

超声引导射频消融联合外科微创手术治疗下肢静脉曲张的疗效及预后影响因素分析

摘要 目的：评估超声引导射频消融术（Radio Frequency Ablation, RFA）联合外科微创手术治疗对下肢各类型浅静脉曲张的临床疗效,分析影响射频消融靶静脉闭合率的相关因素。方法：对 2018年6月至 2019年6月在我院住院的 73例下肢静脉曲张患者（共137条静脉）采用RFA闭合和外科微创手术治疗（点式剥脱治疗交通支静脉和泡沫硬化处理小腿部浅表静脉）的联合治疗方法,所有患者在术后 6 个月进行超声随访,评价治疗效果并分析相关影响因素及影响射频闭合率的相关因素。结果：对 137 条治疗后的患肢进行随访,平均随访时间为 6 个月,74名患者症状均有所缓解,患者治疗后的下肢静脉疾病诊断标准 CEAP分级(clinical-etiology-anatomic-pathophysiologic classification system,CEAP)均显著低于治疗前（P＜0.05）。统计分析发现年龄是CEAP术后降低的相关影响因素（P＜0.05）;术后并未发现严重并发症。术后共 13条患肢射频靶静脉段出现再通,联合手术的成功率为 90%。其中大隐静脉（Great Saphenous Vein,GSV）6条、前副隐静脉（Anterior Accessory Saphenous Vein,AASV）2条,小隐静脉(Small Saphenous Vein, SSV)5条,三种静脉的手术成功率分别为91%,89%,76%。通过Logistic回归单因素、多因素分析发现,靶静脉直径、静脉种类与射频消融再通相关。靶静脉直径越大,射频消融静脉段再通的可能性越大;三种静脉再通可能性的大小比较为SSV＞AASV＞GSV。结论：超声引导下肢浅静脉的射频消融闭合术联合交通支静脉的外科微创手术治疗是治疗静脉曲张的一种安全有效的方式。RFA治疗靶静脉再通的重要危险因素是靶静脉的术前直径以及静脉种类。     

聚桂醇在治疗下肢静脉曲张中初步临床应用

目的:探讨聚桂醇在治疗下肢大隐静脉曲张中的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析2013年9月-2015年9月医院确诊的下肢大隐静脉曲张患者75例(75条患肢)病例资料,根据治疗方案分为两组,33例(33条患肢)超声引导下注射聚桂醇泡沫硬化剂作为聚桂醇组,42例(42条患肢)行大隐静脉高位结扎+剥脱术作为手术组,记录手术时间、术中出血量、下床活动时间、住院时间、治疗费用及术后并发症发生率,门诊随访术后6、12个月,记录复发率。结果:聚桂醇组手术时间、下床活动时间均短于手术组,术中出血量、住院费用少于手术组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);聚桂醇组皮下血肿、皮肤麻木感发生率明显低于手术组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);聚桂醇组12个月复发率为12.12%低于手术组的33.33%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:聚桂醇泡沫硬化剂注射是治疗下肢大隐静脉曲张的可选疗法。     

筋膜下经内镜穿通静脉离断术治疗下肢静脉性溃疡10年临床随访

目的:探讨筋膜下经内镜穿通静脉离断术(SEPS)治疗下肢静脉性溃疡的远期临床效果。方法:收集1999年12月至2001年1月在本院接受SEPS治疗的36例患者,共40条患肢,均患有静脉性溃疡。所有患者同时行大隐静脉高位结扎及曲张浅静脉剥脱术,术后1、3、6、12个月接受随访,以后每年随访1次,随访时间10年,观察患者的近期和远期疗效。结果:所有患肢溃疡均愈合,2例复发。1条患肢出现神经损伤,2条患肢出现皮下血肿。16条患肢出现丹毒,其中5条患肢反复发作,6条患肢静脉曲张复发。结论:SEPS治疗下肢静脉性溃疡的一种有效方法,近期并发症少,远期并发症率高。在促进溃疡愈合方面与传统手术相比未见明显优势。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

Physiological characteristics of various species of strains of carboxydobacteria

Seven strains of aerobic carbon monoxide-oxidizing bacteria (carboxydebacteria) when growing on CO as sole source of carbon and energy had doubling times which ranged from 12–42 h. The activity profiles obtained after discontinuous sucrose density gradient centrifugation indicated that the CO-oxidizing enzymes are soluble and the hydrogenases are membrane-bound in all strains examined. The CO-oxidizing enzymes of Pseudomonas carboxydohydrogena, Pseudomonas carboxydoflava, Comamonas compransoris, and the so far unidentified strains OM2, OM3, and OM4 had a molecular weight of 230,000; that of Achromobacter carboxydus amounted to 170,000. The molecular weights of the CO-oxidizing and H₂-oxidizing enzymes turned out to be identical. The cell sonicates were shown to catalyze the oxidation of both CO and H₂ with methylene blue, thionine, phenazine methosulfate, toluylene blue, dichlorophenolindophenol, cytochrome c or ferricyanide as electron acceptors. Methyl viologen, benzyl viologen, FAD⁺, FMN⁺, and NAD(P)⁺ were not reduced. The spectrum of electron acceptors was identical for all strains tested. Neither free formate, hydrogen nor oxygen gas were involved in the CO-oxidation reaction. Methylene blue was reduced by CO at a 1:1 molar ratio. The results indicate that CO-oxidation by carboxydobacteria is catalyzed by identical or similar enzymes and that the reaction obeys the equation CO+H₂OCO₂+2H⁺+2e^- as previously shown for Pseudomonas carboxydovorans.Dedicated to Otto Kandler remembering almost three decades of enjoyable cooperation     

Modulation of allostery of pyruvate kinase by shifting of an ensemble of microstates

Since the introduction of the concepts of allostery about four decades ago, much advancement has been made in elucidating the structure-function correlation in allostery. However, there are still a number of issues that remain unresolved. In this review we used mammalian pyruvate kinase (PK) as a model system to understand the role of protein dynamics in modulating cooperativity. PK has a triosephosphate isomerase (TIM)(α/β)₈ barrel structural motif. PK is an ideal system to address basic questions regarding regulatory mechanisms about this common (α/β)₈ structural motif. The simplest model accounting for all of the solution thermodynamic and kinetic data on ligand-enzyme interactions involves two conformational states, inactive E^T and active E^R. These conformational states are represented by domain movements. Further studies provide the first evidence for a differential effect of ligand binding on the dynamics of the structural elements, not major secondary structural changes. These data are consistent with our model that allosteric regulation of PK is the consequence of perturbation of the distribution of an ensemble of states in which the inactive E^T and active E^R represent the two extreme end states. Sequence differences and ligands can modulate the distribution of states leading to alterations of functions. The future work includes: defining the network of functionally connected residues; elucidating the chemical principles governing the sequence differences which affect functions; and probing the nature of mutations on the stability of the secondary structural elements, which in turn modulate allostery.