New and little-known Eoblattida (Insecta) from the Paleozoic of Russia

New taxa of the insect order Eoblattida from the Upper Carboniferous of Russia are described, including Narkemina kata sp. nov., Narkeminopsis inversa sp. nov., Carbonokata storozhenkoi gen. et sp. nov., Tshunoptera ampla gen. et sp. nov., and Evenkiophlebia collucata gen. et sp. nov. from the Chunya locality (Krasnoyarsk Region), Narkemulla sibirica gen. et sp. nov. from the Chunya and Izykhskie Kopi localities, Khakassia (all Cnemidolestidae), and Izykhia tridentis gen. et sp. nov. from Izykhskie Kopi (?Spanioderidae). Narkeminuta permiana gen. et sp. nov. (Cnemidolestidae) is described from the Kedrovka locality (Kemerovo Region; Lower Permian), and Issadische maximum gen. et sp. nov. (Eoblattida incertae familiae) is descriobed from the Isady locality (Vologda Region; Upper Permian). Permeoblatta borealis Rasnitsyn et Aristov, 2010 (Idelinellidae) from Isady is redescribed.     

New taxa of Mesorthopteridae (Insecta: Grylloblattida) from the Permian of Russia

New taxa of grylloblattids of the family Mesorthopteridae are described from the Permian of Russia: Parastenaropodites aquilonius sp. nov. from the Soyana locality (Middle Permian); P. circumhumatus sp. nov. from the Kul’chumovo locality; and Tshermyaninus biforis gen. et sp. nov., Permorthopteron foliaceus gen. et sp. nov., Parastenaropodites pannea sp. nov., P. exossis sp. nov., Mesoidelia procera sp. nov., and M. riphaea sp. nov. from the Isady locality (Upper Permian). Two species of the genus Khosaridelia Storozhenko, 1992 (family Permotermopsidae) and one species of the genus Megakhosarina Storozhenko, 1993 (family Megakhosaridae) are transferred to the genus Parastenaropodites Storozhenko, 1996 (family Mesorthopteridae); one species of the genus Parastenaropodites is transferred to the genus Austroidelia Riek, 1954; as a result, four new combinations are established: Khosaridelia rigida Aristov, 2005 =Parastenaropodites rigidus (Aristov, 2005), comb. nov. (Vorkuta locality, Lower Permian of Russia); Khosaridelia vyatica Aristov, 2009 =Parastenaropodites vyaticus (Aristov, 2009), comb. nov. (Karaungir locality, Middle Permian of Kazakhstan); Megakhosarina intricata Aristov, 2008 =Parastenaropodites intricatus (Aristov, 2008), comb. nov. (Soyana locality, Middle Permian of Russia); and Parastenaropodites nervosa Storozhenko, 1996 =Austroidelia nervosa (Storozhenko, 1996), comb. nov. (Madygen locality, Middle Triassic of Kyrgyzstan). An identification key to species of the genus Parastenaropodites is given.     

Revision of the family Epideigmatidae (Insecta: Grylloblattida)

The family Epideigmatidae is revised. New members of this family from the Lower Permian of Russia: Vilvaptera permyakovae, gen. et sp. nov. (Vilva locality, Artinskian Stage, Perm Region) and Tshekardeigma rasnitsyni, gen. et sp. nov. (Chekarda locality, Kungurian Stage, Perm Region) are described. Paraphenopterum unicolor Storozhenko, 1992 (Soyana locality, Kazanian Stage, Arkhangelsk Region) is redescribed. The family Stenoneuritidae is regarded as a synonym of Epideigmatidae; the genera Fayoliella Meunier, 1908 (Upper Carboniferous of France), Fabreciella Carpenter, 1934 (Upper Carboniferous of the USA), and Turbopterum Kukalová, 1964 (Lower Permian of the Czech Republic) are transferred to Epideigmatidae. Fabreciella allegheniensis Carpenter, 1934 is synonimized under F. pennsylvanica Carpenter, 1934.     

New insects (Insecta: Eoblattida,Embiida) from the Permian of Russia and the Triassic of Kyrgyzstan,with observations on the origin of webspinners

Locustoblattina segmentata gen. et sp. nov. and L. marginata gen. et sp. nov., new members of the family Mesorthopteridae (Eoblattida) are described from the Middle Triassic of the Madygen locality (Ladinian Stage of the Kyrgyzstan). New members of the Alexarasniidae (Embiida), Alexarasnia limbata Aristov, sp. nov. and Nestorembia shcherbakovi sp. nov., are described from the Upper Permian Isady locality in the Vologda Region and the Madygen locality, respectively. Parastenaropodites fluxa Storozhenko, 1996 (Mesorthopteridae) is redescribed from Madygen. The origin of webspinners from within the Permian eoblattids and the composition of the superorder Blattidea are discussed.     

Review of the Permian family Permulidae nomen novum pro Aliculidae Storozhenko, 1997 (Grylloblattida)

A new replacement name Permulidaenom. n. is proposed for the Permian family Aliculidae Storozhenko, 1997 (Insecta: Grylloblattida). A review of Permulidae is given. All genera and species are redescribed and illustrated. A key to genera of Permulidae is given. New taxa of Permulidae are described: Permula edemskiisp. n., Sojanopermula rasnitsynisp. n., Kazanalicula reductagen. et sp. n., Mezenalicula connatagen. et sp. n., all from the Soyana locality (Middle Permian, Kazanian Stage; Arkhangelsk Region, Russia), and Mezenalicula conjunctasp. n. from the Isady locality (Upper Permian, Severodvinian Stage; Vologda Region, Russia). New combinations are proposed: Permula minor (Aristov, 2004), comb. n. for Sojanopermula minor Aristov, 2004; Permula tshekardensis (Aristov, 2004), comb. n. for Sojanopermula tshekardensis Aristov, 2004. A new genus Acropermulagen. n. (type species: Permula acra Kukalová, 1964, from the Lower Permian of Czech Republic) is established in the family Ideliidae. Neraphidia Novokshonov & Novokshonova, 1997 is transferred from Aliculidae to the order Eoblattida as a genus of uncertain taxonomic position inside this order.     

Ichneumonids of the subfamily Tanychorinae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of Transbaikalia and Mongolia

A new species, Tanychora loki, sp. nov., and a new genus and species, Megachora sibirica gen. et sp. nov., are described from the Lower Cretaceous of Transbaikalia and Mongolia. The genus Tanychora Townes, 1973 is divided into two genera: Tanychora s. str., composed of T. petiolata Townes, 1973 (type species), T. sinensis Zhang, 1991, and T. loki sp. nov., and Amplicella, gen. nov., composed of A. sessilis (Townes, 1973) (type species), A. exquisite (Zhang et Rasnitsyn, 2003), A. beipiaoensis (Zhang et Rasnitsyn, 2003), and A. spinata (Zhang et Rasnitsyn, 2003). The frequency of occurrence of ichneumonids in the principal Cretaceous localities of central and northern Asia is calculated.     

New Grylloblattida (Insecta) from the Upper Permian and Lower Triassic of European Russia and Kazakhstan

New grylloblattid insects are described from the Upper Permian and Lower Triassic of European Russia and Kazakhstan: Kuplya minutissima gen. et sp. nov. (Tshekardominidae) from the Severodvinian locality Novo-Aleksandrovka (Orenburg Region); Parachauliodites orthopteroides gen. et sp. nov. (Chaulioditidae), Permofossilis commasticatus gen. et sp. nov. (Permotermopsidae), Megakhosarodes tensilis sp. nov. (Megakhosaridae), and Baharellinus dilaceratus sp. nov. (Blattogryllidae) from the Severodvinian locality Isady (Vologda Region); Dvinopedes salariovensis gen. et sp. nov. (Chaulioditidae) from the Vyatkian locality Aristovo (Vologda Region); Klyazmia karasevi gen. et sp. nov. (Chaulioditidae) from the Vyatkian locality Sokovka (Vladimir Region); Megakhosarodes borealis sp. nov. (Megakhosaridae) from the Vyatkian locality Balymotikha (Vladimir Region); Sigmophlebia rugulosa sp. nov. (Tshekardominidae) from the Upper Permian locality Karaungir (East Kazakhstan Province); and Chauliodites kitshmengensis sp. nov. and C. nedubrovensis sp. nov. (Chaulioditidae) from the Induan locality Nedubrovo (Vologda Region).     

New beetles (Coleoptera) from the terminal Middle Permian of China

New beetles are described from the Middle Permian (Upper Capitanian) locality Yinping (Anhui Province, China): Linicupes yinpinensis gen. et sp. nov. (Permocupedidae), Taldycupes pingi sp. nov. (Taldycupedidae), Archosyne permiana gen. et sp. nov., Chaocoleus limnebius gen. et sp. nov. (Ademosynidae) and Asiocoleopsis hongi sp. nov. (Asiocoleidae); the type material of Dikerocoleus divisus Lin, 1982 from the same type locality is redescribed. Comparison with beetles from the Permian of European Russia shows that Yinping beetles are similar to Late Severodvinian beetles rather than to Early Severodvinian and Urzhumian ones.     

A new plesiosaur of the family aristonectidae from the early cretaceous of the center of the Russian platform

A new plesiosaur, Abyssosaurus nataliae gen. et sp. nov. from the Upper Hauterivian Substage (Lower Cretaceous) of Chuvashia, is described based on a postcranial skeleton. The new taxon is assigned to the family Aristonectidae where it presumably occupies an intermediate position between Late Jurassic Tatenectes and Kimmerosaurus and Late Cretaceous Aristonectes and Kaiwhekea. This is the first reliable record of this family in Russia.     

The latest record of mayflies of the family protereismatidae sellards (Ephemerida = Ephemeroptera) and a new species of the family misthodotidae in the Upper Permian of Europe

A new mayfly genus and species, Alexandrinia gigantea gen. et sp. nov., is described in the family Protereismatidae from the Upper Permian locality of Isady (Severodvinian Stage, Poldarsa Formation). Protereisma directum Carpenter, 1979, known from the Early Permian of Oklahoma, United States, is transferred to this new genus. Another new species, Misthodotes tshernovae sp. nov., is described in the family Misthodotidae.     

New and little known blattogryllidae (Insecta: Grylloblattida) from the Permian and Triassic of Russia,Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan

New members of the family Blattogryllidae are described, including Permoblattogryllus praecox gen. et sp. nov. from the Middle Permian Soyana locality in Russia, Protoblattogryllus nedubrovensis from the Lower Triassic Nedubrovo locality in Russia, Madygenocephalus micropteron gen. et sp. nov. (the second known case of brachyptery in grylloblattids), and Costatoviblatta similis sp. nov. from the Middle Triassic Madygen locality in Kyrgyzstan. Protoblattogryllus zajsanicus Storozhenko, 1990 from the Upper Permian Karaungir II locality in Kazakhstan is redescribed. The genus Microblattogryllus Storozhenko, 1990 from Madygen is considered to be a synonym of Protoblattogryllus Storozhenko, 1990. Protoblattogryllus abruptus Storozhenko, 1990 from the Madygen locality is transferred to the genus Mesoblattogryllus Storozhenko, 1990.     

New and Little-known Nymphs of Gryllones (Insecta) from the Lower Permian of Russia

New nymphs of the gryllones insects (Insecta; Gryllones) Iblatta attrepida gen. et sp. nov. (Eoblattida incertae sedis) and Tshekardushka artenatis gen. et sp. nov. (Reculida incertae sedis) from the Lower Permian Chekarda locality (Kungurian Stage of Russia) are described. The nymph of Czekardia blattoides Martynov, 1940 (Eoblattida incertae sedis) from Chekarda is redescribed.     

New late Permian Chonetids (brachiopoda) from Southeastern Pamirs

New chonetid genera and species Subtilichonetes pamiricus gen. et sp. nov. (subfamily Undulellinae, family Rugosochonetidae) and Parvichonetes igrimiusensis gen. et sp. nov. (subfamily Tornquistiinae, family Anopliidae) are described from the Takhtabulak Formation, Changhsingian Stage of the Upper Permian of Southeastern Pamir.     

New Grylloblattids of the family Megakhosaridae (Insecta: Grylloblattida) from the Permian of Russia

New Megakhosaridae (Insecta: Grylloblattida) are described from the Permian of Russia: Ivakhosara pectinimedia gen. et sp. nov., Megakhosarina intricata sp. nov. and M. minuscula sp. nov. from the Lower Kazanian of Soyana (Arkhangelsk Region), M. magna sp. nov. from the Urzhumian of Chepanikha (Udmurtia), Kargalokhosara terraefossa gen. et sp. nov. from the Urzhumian of Kargala (Orenburg Region), and Alekhosara reticulata gen. et sp. nov. from the Severodvinian of Novo-Aleksandrovka (Orenburg Region).     

On the taxonomic position of the genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Parapryg</Emphasis> (Homoptera,Fulgoroidea) and classification of Protorthoptera and related groups

Parapryg alogus Aristov et Rasnitsyn, 2014 (terminal Permian of European Russia) is transferred from Prygidae (Cnemidolestida) to Surijokocixiidae (Homoptera, Fulgoroidea). Some characters and approaches used in classification of Protorthoptera and related groups are briefly discussed.     

A new coral genus (Tabulata) from the Upper Devonian of the Subpolar Urals

A new tabulate genus, Sokolovia gen. nov., with the type species B. pershinae sp. nov., from the Upper Devonian (Lower Famennian Substage) of the western slope of the Subpolar Urals is described.     

Upper Silurian microplankton of the Leintwardine Group, Ludlow Series, in the type Ludlow area and adjacent regions

The acritarchs and prasinophyte algae from the Upper Bringewood, Lower Leintwardine, Upper Leintwardine and Lower Whitcliffe formations of the Ludlow type area and surrounding regions are described. The following new taxa are proposed: Cymatiosphaera pumila sp. nov., Melikeriopalla pustula sp. nov., Cheleutochroa beechenbankensis sp. nov., Cymbosphaeridium molyneuxii sp. nov., Flammulasphaera bella gen. et sp. nov., Percultisphaera incompta sp. nov., Salopidium aldridgei sp. nov. and Umbellasphaeridium? wicanderi sp. nov. A holotype is defined for Lophosphaeridium galeatum Hill and a further 34 new taxa are described under open nomenclature. Two biozones, identified by the first appearance of the zone taxon, are defined in the Sunnyhill section, Ludlow [Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Ludfordian Stage, Ludlow Series]. The base of the Leoniella vilis Biozone is identified at 4.52m below the top of the Upper Bringewood Formation at Beechenbank, Aymestrey. The base of the Triangulina sanpetrensis Biozone is identified at 15.49m above the base of the Lower Leintwardine Formation and Ludfordian Stage at the Sunnyhill section. These biozones allow correlation with sections in north–west Spain, Podolia and Gotland. The possibility of using Visbysphaera whitcliffense and U.? wicanderi as biozonal indicators is suggested.     

New Insects (Insecta: Trichoptera,Reculida, Eoblattida) from the Mesozoic of Asia

New caddisflies, reculid and eoblattid insects from the Mesozoic of Asia are described. Caddisflies of the families Philopotamidae (Mesoviatrix paradoxa gen. et sp. nov. and Kempia piotri gen. et sp. nov.) and Polycentropodidae (Polylongevus eskovi gen. et sp. nov.) from the Upper Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous of the Kempendyai locality in Yakutia are described. A short review and comparison of fossil members in these families are provided. New Gryllones insects, Shurabia tanga sp. nov., Sauk batkenicus gen. et sp. nov. from the Sauk Tan’ga locality (Lower Jurassic of Kyrgyzstan), Say kirgizicus gen. et sp. nov. from the Shurab III locality (Reculida: Geinitziidae; Lower or Middle Jurassic of Kyrgyzstan) Griphopteron iya sp. nov. (Eoblattida: Blattogryllidae) from Iya locality (Middle Jurassic of Russia) are described.     

Composition and distribution of the family Cacurgidae (Insecta; grylloblattida)

The family Cacurgidae is revised. In addition to the type genus Cacurgus Handlirsch, 1911 from the Upper Carboniferous of the United States, Ideliopsis ovalis Carpenter, 1948 from the Lower Permian of the United States and Kitshuga ryzhkovae gen. et sp. nov. from the Upper Permian of Russia are included in this family. An undescribed genus from the Upper Carboniferous of Argentina (Béthoux and Nel, 2002) is also placed in this family. Relationships of Cacurgidae are discussed, and the family is included in the order Grylloblattida.     

Review of grylloblattid insects (Insecta: Grylloblattida) from the Solikamsk deposits of the Perm Region

The Solikamsk faunas of the Vorkuta series of the Pechora Basin and the Solikamsk Formation of the Perm Region of Russia are reviewed. New taxa are described from Tyul’kino locality (Solikamsk District): Artinska ufimica sp. nov., Sylvaprisca tyulkinensis sp. nov., Ufimoprisca gen. nov. (the type species Sylvaprisca alba Aristov, 2005), U. mica sp. nov., U. kamensis sp. nov. (family Lemmatophoridae), Sylvaella ovalis sp. nov. (family Liomopteridae), Ivakhosara prima sp. nov., and Megakhosarella prisca sp. nov. (family Megakhosaridae). Additionally, Uralioma sp. is described from Shchugor locality (Cherdyn’ District). Two species, Paraprisca solikamskensis Aristov, 2009 (family Lemmatophoridae) from Tyul’kino and Kolvidelia curta G. Zalessky, 1950 (family Ideliidae) from Pokcha locality (Cherdyn’ District)), are redescribed.