山核桃叶总黄酮抗衰老作用的研究

本文就山核桃叶总黄酮对衰老小鼠的抗衰老作用进行了研究.实验采用颈背部皮下注射D-半乳糖1250 mg·kg-1·d-142 d造成衰老模型.结果表明,山核桃叶总黄酮显能使衰老小鼠清中SOD酶活力升高,MDA含量显著降低,脑组织中MAO活性降低.表明山核桃叶总黄酮对D-半乳糖致的衰老小鼠具有延缓衰老作用.     

油橄榄叶提取物体内外抗氧化活性研究北大核心CSCD

为评价油橄榄叶提取物的体内和体外抗氧化能力,体外抗氧化活性评价采用DPPH·和·OH清除能力实验,体内抗氧化活性评价采用D-半乳糖连续背部注射制作亚急性衰老小鼠模型,以VE为阳性对照组,油橄榄叶提取物58、116、232 mg/kg BW灌胃30 d,处死后测定MDA含量、SOD和GSH-Px活性,观察肝脏和大脑组织病理形态学的改变。结果表明,衰老小鼠MDA的含量明显升高,血清、肝组织中的SOD、GSH-Px和脑组织中的SOD活性均明显降低,与正常小鼠比较有差异(P<0.05);各剂量的油橄榄叶提取物均能提高衰老小鼠血清、肝组织中的SOD、GSH-Px和脑组织中的SOD活性,并降低MDA的含量;油橄榄叶提取物可明显改善D-gal致衰老小鼠肝脏、大脑皮质和海马神经元的细胞形态和水肿情况。油橄榄叶提取物清除DPPH·和·OH的IC50分别为0.064 mg/m L和0.066 mg/m L。实验结果表明油橄榄叶提取物具有较好的抗氧化活性。     

油橄榄叶提取物体内外抗氧化活性研究

为评价油橄榄叶提取物的体内和体外抗氧化能力,体外抗氧化活性评价采用DPPH·和·OH清除能力实验,体内抗氧化活性评价采用D-半乳糖连续背部注射制作亚急性衰老小鼠模型,以VE为阳性对照组,油橄榄叶提取物58、116、232 mg/kg BW灌胃30 d,处死后测定MDA含量、SOD和GSH-Px活性,观察肝脏和大脑组织病理形态学的改变。结果表明,衰老小鼠MDA的含量明显升高,血清、肝组织中的SOD、GSH-Px和脑组织中的SOD活性均明显降低,与正常小鼠比较有差异(P0.05);各剂量的油橄榄叶提取物均能提高衰老小鼠血清、肝组织中的SOD、GSH-Px和脑组织中的SOD活性,并降低MDA的含量;油橄榄叶提取物可明显改善D-gal致衰老小鼠肝脏、大脑皮质和海马神经元的细胞形态和水肿情况。油橄榄叶提取物清除DPPH·和·OH的IC50分别为0.064 mg/m L和0.066 mg/m L。实验结果表明油橄榄叶提取物具有较好的抗氧化活性。     

天门冬纳米制剂对小鼠抗氧化系统的影响

目的:探讨中药天门冬及其纳米制剂对小鼠心肌线粒体中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,丙二醛(MDA)含量,肝组织中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性的影响,观察纳米制剂能否更有效地改善机体的抗氧化能力.方法:采用D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠分别ig相同剂量的天门冬水提液及其纳米中药15 d,测定衰老小鼠心肌线粒体中SOD活性、MDA含量及肝组织中GSH-Px活性.结果:天门冬水提液及其纳米中药均能显著增强天门冬及其纳米中药均可提高小鼠心肌线粒体中SOD的活性(P<0.01),肝组织GSH-Px活性(P<0.01),降低心肌线粒体中MDA(P<0.05),且纳米中药的药效强于天门冬水提液的药效(P<0.01).结论:天门冬纳米制剂抗氧化能力优于天门冬超声波水提液.     

无瓣海桑果实提取物对衰老小鼠学习 记忆能力的影响及其机制研究

无瓣海桑果实为真红树无瓣海桑的果实。研究无瓣海桑果实不同提取物对D-半乳糖所致衰老小鼠学习记忆能力影响及其作用机制。采用Morris水迷宫实验测量无瓣海桑果实不同提取物对小鼠的学习记忆能力影响,HE染色观察各组小鼠脑部神经细胞的变化情况,并测定脑组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力、一氧化氮(NO)含量和单胺氧化酶(MAO)活力。结果表明:与模型组相比,无瓣海桑果实不同提取物处理组小鼠在水迷宫实验中逃避潜伏期明显缩短(P0.05),目标象限停留时间明显增加(P0.05)。无瓣海桑果实不同提取物处理组小鼠脑部神经细胞损伤与模型组相比明显减少,小鼠脑部SOD酶活力和GSH-Px酶活力提高(P0.05),NO含量和MAO活力在脑部显著降低(P0.05)。无瓣海桑果实不同提取物对D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠学习记忆能力有改善作用,无瓣海桑果实不同提取物通过提高小鼠脑内源抗氧化酶(SOD、GSH-Px)活力,降低脑部NO含量和MAO活力来提高D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠的学习记忆能力。     

灵芝提取液延缓皮肤衰老的实验研究

目的观察灵芝提取液延缓D-半乳糖致亚急性衰老小鼠皮肤衰老的作用。方法以D-半乳糖致亚急性衰老小鼠为模型,同时背部涂抹灵芝提取液,治疗42 d后,测定小鼠背部皮肤组织匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力、丙二醛(MDA)含量、脂褐质(LF)含量、羟脯氨酸含量。结果灵芝提取液低、中、高剂量均能不同程度提高皮肤中SOD活力,降低MDA含量,减少LF含量,提高小鼠皮肤中羟脯氨酸的含量(P0.01,P0.05),且具有明显的量效关系。结论灵芝提取液具有延缓D-半乳糖所致衰老小鼠的皮肤衰老作用。     

银耳多糖对D-半乳糖致衰老模型小鼠抗氧化能力的影响

研究了银耳多糖对D-半乳糖致衰老模型小鼠抗氧化能力影响。将ICR小鼠腹腔注射D-半乳糖建立衰老模型,同时给予不同剂量的银耳多糖(TP),8周后获取小鼠心、脑,测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力以及丙二醛(MDA)含量的差异。结果:TP各剂量组SOD和GSH-Px活力高于对照组(P<0.05),且高剂量组SOD、GSH-Px活力均高于低剂量和中剂量组(P<0.05);中、高剂量TP组MDA含量低于对照组(P<0.05)且高剂量组MDA含量低于低剂量组(P<0.05)。结论:银耳多糖对于衰老模型小鼠抗氧化能力具有一定正性调节作用。     

花粉制剂对脑衰老动物各脑区的SOD和NO水平的影响

采用 D-半乳糖建立脑衰老动物模型 ,观察服用花粉制剂前后对脑衰老模型动物不同脑区组织中超氧化物歧化酶 ( SOD)活性、一氧化氮 ( NO)水平的影响。结果表明花粉制剂能明显升高脑衰老动物某些脑区 SOD活性和降低脑衰老动物某些脑区 NO水平。研究结果提示花粉制剂具有延缓衰老和增强记忆力等作用 ,其机制可能与其促进自由基的清除及减少 NO释放有关。     

五鹤续断抗小鼠衰老的作用及其机制研究

目的：研究五鹤续断（WHDA）注射液对D-半乳糖所致小鼠衰老模型的抗衰老作用及其机制。方法：昆明种小鼠（雌雄各半）48只,随机分为对照组、模型组、阳性WHDA组、7．2g/kgWnDA组、3．6g/kgWHDA组及1．8g/kgWHDA组,每组8只。腹腔注射D-半乳糖造模,Morris水迷宫测量小鼠学习和记忆能力。检测各组小鼠皮肤羟脯氨酸、脑组织MDA、LP、SOD及GSH-Px含量,采用双抗体夹心ELISA法检测小鼠血清中IL-2及IL-6含量。结果：Morris水迷宫实验结果表明WHDA各组潜伏期与模型组相比较明显减少（P〈0．05）,模型组小鼠穿越平台的次数比其它各组小鼠少（P〈0．05）。脑组织氧化性指标（SOD、MAD、LP及GSH．Px）检测,对照组及WHDA各组MAD与LP含量低于模型组（P〈0．05）。对照组及WHDA各组SOD与GSH-Px的活性明显高于模型组（P〈0．05）。注射过D-半乳糖小鼠皮肤羟脯氨酸含量都明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）,WHDA组小鼠皮肤中羟脯氨酸的含量明显高于模型组（P〈0．05）。WHDA组小鼠血清中IL-2、IL-6含量显著高于对照组和模型组（P〈0．05）,模型组小鼠血清中的IL-2、IL-6比对照组要低（P〈0．05）。结论：WHDA能改善D．半乳糖所致的衰老小鼠的学习记忆能力,消除其体内自由基,增强机体免疫能力,具有较好的抗衰老作用。     

阿里红黄酮对衰老模型小鼠的抗衰老作用

目的：研究阿里红黄酮对衰老模型小鼠的抗衰老作用。方法：将小鼠随机分为6组（n=12）：正常对照组,衰老模型组,阳性对照组,低、中、高剂量阿里红黄酮组。除正常对照组外,其余各组均采用D-半乳糖颈背部皮下注射建立亚急性衰老小鼠模型,用不同剂量的阿里红黄酮（100、200和400 mg/（kg·d））灌服小鼠6周后,计算衰老模型小鼠脑指数及脾脏指数、胸腺指数,测定其脑组织丙二醛（MDA）含量及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性、肝组织过氧化氢酶（CAT）及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性。结果：阿里红黄酮3个剂量组可不同程度的升高衰老模型小鼠的脑指数、脾脏指数、胸腺指数、脑组织中的GSH-Px活性及肝组织中的CAT、SOD活性,降低其脑组织中的MDA含量。结论：阿里红黄酮可能通过提高机体的抗氧化能力而达到抗衰老作用。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.