茶树不同器官组织总RNA提取方法的研究

从茶树组织中提取高质量的总RNA,是开展茶树基因组学、功能基因组学研究的重要前提,而RNase、多酚类物质严重干扰茶树总RNA的分离提取。鉴于茶树组织总RNA提取过程难易不一、总RNA提取质量良莠不齐的现状,现对材料用量、提取液、DNA和蛋白质抽提液、RNA沉淀试剂、多酚氧化抑制剂等进行了比较研究,建立了一种适合茶树各器官组织总RNA提取的简单高效的方法(简易CTAB-LiCl法),并与实验室常用的改良Tri-Reagent法、改良CTAB法进行了比较。核酸定量和琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测结果显示,简易CTAB-LiCl法从茶树各器官组织中提取到的总RNA质量高、得率高。总RNA的得率是改良CTAB法的1.6-5倍。因此,简易CTAB-LiCl法具有效率高、适用范围广,且操作简单、实验成本低的特点。RT-PCR和cDNA-AFLP实验表明,提取的总RNA能够用于后续的分子生物学研究。     

非洲菊花瓣总RNA提取方法的改进

利用异硫氰酸胍一步法和植物总RNA提取试剂盒（RNeasy Plant Mini Kit）提取非洲菊（Gerbera hybrida）花瓣中总RNA时存在多糖的干扰。实验中利用异硫氰酸胍一步法提取总RNA,在RNA沉淀后,再次加入适量变性液,冻融2次,再加热至45 ℃使RNA完全溶解;试剂盒提取时,适当延长各提取步骤的离心时间,并增加DEPC H2O溶解RNA的时间。通过以上操作方法的改进可排除多糖的干扰,得到高质量的总RNA。为进一步利用Northern杂交技术研究非洲菊中花色素苷基因的表达,进行花色改良提供了方便、有效的实验手段。     

一种快速提取小麦叶片总RNA的方法

从植物组织中提取高质量的RNA是进行植物分子生物学研究的必要前提和关键.同种植物不同器官的组织由于组成分的差异,提取RNA的方法也存在不同的难点.在苯酚法和氯化锂沉淀法的基础上,改进并提出了一种适合小麦叶片总RNA的快速提取方法,消除了蛋白质、DNA、多糖、多酚等污染.该方法提取的小麦叶片总RNA,完整性好、纯度高,可用于RT-PCR、N orthern杂交、RACE等实验操作,而且简单经济、快速、实验结果稳定,重复性好,还适合富含多糖和脂质的植物组织总RNA的提取.     

柠檬总RNA提取方法研究

为了获得高质量的柠檬RNA,本研究从操作时间、成本、所得RNA的纯度与浓度等方面比较了5种方法提取香水柠檬不同组织总RNA的效果,并筛选最适合提取柠檬组织样品RNA的方法。结果表明:改良的RNA试剂盒提取法效果最好。该方法极适合提取香水柠檬总RNA。利用此方法可以成功提取白花柠檬、广西土柠檬和金柑的总RNA,也可以提取高质量的芒果总RNA。     

白腐真菌总RNA提取方法的研究

为寻求一种简便有效的白腐真菌总RNA的提取方法,在实验中分别采用Trizol试剂盒法、CTAB-LiCl法、硅藻土-STE法进行操作,琼脂糖凝胶电泳和紫外吸收光谱检测提取的RNA。通过对提取的总RNA实验操作过程、浓度、纯度以及完整性等方面的比较与分析,得出硅藻土-STE法是白腐真菌总RNA提取的理想方法。     

红树植物叶片总RNA提取方法比较与优化

分别采用三种植物RNA提取试剂盒、改良的CTAB-LiCl法和CTAB-异丙醇法五种方法提取四种红树植物叶片总RNA,并用紫外光谱、琼脂糖凝胶电泳、cDNA合成和real-time PCR等手段对提取效果进行鉴定.反复试验表明:五种方法对白骨壤Aricennia marina叶片总RNA提取均有良好的效果.Tiangen RNA提取试剂能够成功提取秋茄Kandelia candel、桐花树Aegiceras corniculatum、白骨壤的总RNA,提取的木榄Bruguiera gymnorrhiza总RNA浓度低、杂质较多,且稳定性较差,在对该方法改良后则能够成功提取木榄的总RNA.Invitrogen试剂盒对木榄和秋茄叶片均有良好的提取效果,但是对桐花树提取的RNA易受到蛋白的污染.CTAB-LiCl法和CTAB-异丙醇法提取的RNA总产量偏低,提取时间较长,且实时定量结果表明,两种方法反转录效率较试剂盒方法也偏低.     

从动物组织提取高纯度总RNA方法的改进及应用

从动物组织中提取总RNA是现代分子生物学研究中经常使用的重要实验技术,按常规方法获得的总RNA产品中常伴有大分子量染色体DNA污染。为此,我们摸索出了保证RNA制品纯度、质量和产量的DNA酶消化最佳反应条件。利用改良后的方法提取了小鼠脏器组织总RNA,进行了新基因mPC-1在小鼠脏器中表达的组织分布研究。     

富含多糖草莓果实总RNA提取方法的改进

以草莓果实为模式实验材料,将Chomczynski提出的常规RNA提取方法与Kenneth等提出的改进方法相结合,并做了进一步改进,建立了一种简单实用的从富舍多糖的植物材料中提取总RNA的方法。先利用冷的丙酮去除色素类物质,再利用乙二醇丁醚去除多糖,从而有效克服了从富含色素和多糖娄物质的植物材料中提取RNA的困难;获取的RNA样品在纯度和浓度上都可以满足PCR及Northern杂交等分子生物学实验的要求。     

从茶树种胚中提取总RNA方法的研究

茶树种胚中富含多糖和多酚类化合物,这增加了总RNA的提取难度.试验以茶树种胚为研究对象,通过对几种提取总RNA方法的比较与分析,认为用改进的CTAB-LjCl法提取茶树种胚总RNA的产率较高,质量好,可直接用于cDNA的合成、cDNA-AFLP分析等分子生物学实验操作.     

芍药花瓣总RNA的提取

用TRIzol法和改良的热硼酸盐法从芍药幼嫩花瓣中提取总RNA,总RNA的D260nm／D280nm值分别为1．803、1．974。琼脂糖电泳表明,用TRIzol法提取的RNA只有28S、18S2条带,带的亮度差,说明RNA有些降解;而用改良的热硼酸盐法提取的总RNA有28S、18S、5S3条带,带的亮度强,且28S是18S宽度的2倍左右,说明提取的RNA完整、未降解,可用于后续实验。改良的热硼酸盐法更适于从芍药花瓣中提取总RNA。     

Streptomycin Action: Greater Inhibition of Escherichia coli Ribosome Function with Exogenous than with Endogenous Messenger Ribonucleic Acid

Inhibition of protein synthesis by streptomycin was tested in extracts from a strain of Escherichia coli sensitive to streptomycin. Three kinds of messenger ribonucleic acid (RNA) were employed: endogenous cellular RNA, extracted cellular RNA, and phage R17 RNA. Protein synthesis directed by extracted cellular RNA was inhibited three- to fourfold more than protein synthesis directed by endogenous RNA. With R17 RNA as messenger, nearly total inhibition of protein synthesis at initiation was again observed. The greater inhibition of function of extracted RNA, which must initiate new polypeptide chains in vitro, is in accord with the observation that in whole cells streptomycin blocks ribosomes at an early stage in protein synthesis. When streptomycin was added at successively later times during protein synthesis, the subsequent inhibition was progressively less. This was observed with either extracted cellular RNA or phage R17 RNA. A model is presented that can explain the less drastic inhibition by streptomycin of messenger RNA that is already functioning on ribosomes.     

Stable Messenger Ribonucleic Acid and Germination of Myxococcus xanthus Microcysts

We have examined germination, protein synthesis and ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis by microcysts of the fruiting myxobacterium Myxococcus xanthus. The morphological aspects of microcyst formation were completed at about 2 hr after induction had begun. In such microcysts, germination, RNA synthesis, and protein synthesis were inhibited by actinomycin D (Act D). At 6 hr after induction, germination and protein synthesis had become relatively resistant to Act D, whereas RNA synthesis was inhibited by about 95%. Experiments with (3)H-Act D indicated that the deoxyribonucleic acids of both young and old microcysts bind Act D equally. Resistance of germination to Act D was acquired 4 to 5 hr after induction of microcyst formation, and was due to an Act D-sensitive synthesis at that time. Vegetative cells and microcysts were pulsed with uridine-5-(3)H and chased for 60 min; the RNA was extracted and analyzed by means of sucrose density gradient centrifugation and gel electrophoresis. Both microcysts and vegetative cells were found to contain grossly the same types of RNA in the same proportions. RNA pulse-labeled in microcysts was more stable than that in vegetative cells. No particular portions of the microcyst pulse-labeled RNA were selectively stabilized. These data indicate that a stable messenger RNA required for synthesis of germination proteins was synthesized during microcyst formation. This may be the same as the RNA synthesized 4 to 5 hr after initiation of microcyst formation. We suggest that the existence of such stable messenger RNA in microcysts is consistent with the limited biosynthetic activities of such cells.     

从动物组织提取高质量总RNA方法的改进

RNA提取技术是分子生物学研究中的重要实验技术。介绍一种高纯度、高产量的从动物组织中提取总RNA的改进的方法,该法实用性强、重复性好。提取的RNA无DNA等污染物,其产量、纯度完全能满足分子克隆和基因表达研究的需要。利用改进后的方法提取牛组织的总RNA,研究了NRDR基因在牛组织中的表达分布。     

一种快速的胚胎组织总RNA的提取方法

简要介绍一种改进的提取人体器官组织总RNA的方法,该方法具有费用低,快速简便,重复性好的优点,提取的RNA无DNA等污染物,完全能满足基因表达研究的需要。     

Strandedness of Pichinde virus RNA.

The Pichinde virus RNA did not possess the following characteristics of eucaryotic mRNA: polyadenylic acid sequence, capped methylated structure, and ability to direct protein synthesis in vitro. Polysomal RNA extracted from cells infected with Pichinde virus reannealed with 32P-labeled virus RNA, protecting about 60% of the latter against RNase degestion. The polyadenylic acid-containing polysomal RNA also reannealed to the 32P-labeled virus RNA to approximately the same extent. These indicate that the major part of the genomic RNA of Pichinde virus is negative stranded.     

In vitro translation of RNA from lizard epididymis and identification of poly A RNA coding for a major androgen-dependent protein

During the reproductive period (spring) the lizard epididymis secretes a soluble protein of an apparent molecular weight (MW) of 19,000, the protein L. This androgen dependent protein disappears during post-nuptial atrophy of the epididymis (summer). At two time intervals (spring and summer) total RNA were extracted and poly (A) RNA were prepared. The RNA were translated in a cell-free system (rabbit reticulocyte lysate) in the presence of 35S methionine. Labelled translation products were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under denaturing conditions. Electrophoresis were preceded or not by immunoprecipitation with an antiserum raised against protein L. RNA extracted during spring coded for several unique bands including five immunoprecipitated proteins with close-related MW (21,000 to 25,000). When RNA were translated in the presence of dog microsomes, the five previously detected protein bands disappear although a 19,000 MW immunoprecipitated protein was clearly demonstrated. These proteins were not detected when RNA extracted in summer were used. The protein L appears to be synthesized as preprotein(s). Its (unique or several?) messenger is of poly A type; it is present in spring and absent or undetectable in these experimental conditions in summer.     

RNA metabolism in cultures of corneal stromal cells from patients with keratoconus

Total cellular RNA was extracted from cultured keratoconus and normal human corneal stromal cells. The translational activity of these RNAs was examined in a cell-free translation system derived from reticulocyte lysate. Results indicated that keratoconus cells can be separated into two groups, as has been shown previously. Group I keratoconus cells contained the same amount of total RNA as normal cells. RNA activity and the rate of mRNA synthesis in this group of keratoconus cells were also normal. By these criteria it seems that the protein synthesizing system is functioning properly, and group I keratoconus cells should have a normal rate of protein synthesis. These results correlate well with previous findings. Group II keratoconus cells, in contrast, contained more RNA than normal cells. The translational efficiency of RNA was so markedly reduced that the elevation in RNA content did not compensate for the decrease in translational efficiency. It is likely that the reduced protein and collagen synthesis in this group of cells is related to the reduction in the RNA activity. An inhibitory component was present in the keratoconus RNA which affected synthesis of all proteins and suppressed translation of normal RNA.