狼蛛,蟹蛛和跳蛛

狼蛛、蟹蛛和跳蛛分别是蜘蛛目中三个科的蜘蛛的通称。这三类蜘蛛包括了我们日常见到的游猎型蜘蛛的大部分种类,它们在帮助人类消灭害虫中所起作用也较大,所以作为动物学教学中的例子加以介绍。 (一)狼蛛狼蛛在地面或植物上疾驰,凶狠如狼,故名。体长3-25毫米,但多数种类在5-8毫米间。体色多黄褐色,不鲜艳。8眼,排成三列。前列4个小眼,中、后两列各2个眼,较大;后列两眼的间距稍大于中列两眼的间距(图1左)。卵袋扁球形,由两片半圆形丝膜缝合而成。卵袋挂在母蛛腹部后端的纺器上,由母蛛随身携带。幼蛛孵出后不分散,而是爬伏在母蛛腹部     

3种园蛛幼蛛各龄形态比较

实验室恒温条件下,研究了园蛛属3种园蛛——角园蛛(Araneus cornutus),叶斑园蛛(A.sta),大腹园蛛(A.ventricosus)的各龄幼蛛。描述它们各自的形态特征;指出它们之间的形态差异。     

中国狼蛛科娲蛛属(娲蛛亚科)分类地位的探讨

采用DNA测序方法,获得了中国狼蛛科Lycosidae4亚科6属26种mtDNA-16S rRNA基因的部分序列,比较来自北美狼蛛科豹蛛属2种豹蛛的同一基因序列,并选取漏斗蛛科1种蜘蛛作为外群,采用Bayesian方法和最大简约法(MP)构建分子系统树.两种建树方法均支持娲蛛属和豹蛛属形成一大的单系;这一结果与现行狼蛛科传统分类体系中娲蛛属的分类地位有差别.据此,作者认为:娲蛛属和豹蛛属可以归为同一个分类亚单位.狼蛛科6属间的分子系统关系为(Rirata(Hippasa(Trochsa Arctosa(Pardosa Wadicosa)))).     

奎孔蛛（跳蛛科）雌蛛记述

本文记述奎孔蛛的雌性和雄性鉴别特征。雌蛛最初记述于越南,雌蛛系新发现。文内附以雄蛛左触肢的腹面观和侧面观,其中侧面观的角度与原定名人的附图的角度不同,以供读者参考。本种在我国系新记录,产于湖南和云南两省,其实际分布范围尚待进一步调查。     

中国肺音蛛属2种记述（蜘蛛目：皿蛛科）

记述我国皿蛛科微蛛亚科新纪录属:肺音蛛属Latithorax Holm,1943;1新种:栖霞肺音蛛L.qixeiensis sp.nov。和1新纪录种:窄缝肺音蛛L.faustus (O.P.—Cambriage,1900)。     

中国南方隅蛛属和漏斗蛛属新种记述：蜘蛛目：漏斗蛛科

本文记述隅蛛属一新种和漏斗蛛属两新种:刺隅蛛,新种Tegenaria aculeata sp.nov.三角漏斗蛛,新种Agelena triangulata sp.nov.,小斑漏斗蛛,新种Agelena micropunetulata sp.nov.。     

中国园蛛2雄蛛（蜘蛛目：园蛛科）

首次记述２种中国园蛛－类高居金蛛ＡｒｇｉｏｐｅａｅｈｅｒｏｉｄｅｓＹｉｎｅｔ．ａｌ．１９８９和双隆园蛛ＡｒａｎｅｕｓｐｒｏｍｉｎｅｎｓＹｉｎｅｔａｌ．１９８９的雄蛛。     

湖北省盖蛛属二新种：蜘蛛目：皿蛛科

本文记述了采自湖北省神农架林区的盖蛛属Neriene二新种:鹰喙盖蛛 Neriene aquilirostralis,丽带盖蛛 Neriene calozonata。从外生殖器形态结构对新种与其近似种进行了比较。鹰喙盖蛛与人井盖蛛 N.oidedlcata Helsdingen近似;丽带盖蛛与饰斑盖蛛 N.compta Zhu et Sha 近似,但是,它们在外生殖器形态结构上存在显著差异,可以明确将其区分开。     

中国蚁微蛛属2新种（蜘蛛目：皿蛛科：微蛛亚科）

记述采自我国江苏省栖霞山和浙江省西天目山蚁微蛛属2新种:胫突蚁微蛛,新种Solenysa pronlrudens sp.nov.和圆斑蚁微蛛, 新种Solenyas circUlaris sp.nov.     

中国额毛蛛属三种记述（蜘蛛目：皿蛛科：微蛛亚科）

本文记述了我国皿蛛科微蛛亚科新纪录属:额毛蛛属Caviphantes Oi,1960:一新种:膜质额毛蛛cariphantes glumaceus sp.nov.,二新纪录种:类石额毛蛛cariphantes pseudosaxetorum Wunderlich,1979和三齿额毛蛛Caviphantes samensis Oi,1960。本新种雄蛛触肢胫节一突起膜质、透明,故定名为膜质额毛蛛。     

New Coleoptera records for New Brunswick, Canada: Kateretidae, Nitidulidae, Cerylonidae, Endomychidae, Coccinellidae, and Latridiidae

We report 20 new species records for the Coleoptera fauna in New Brunswick, Canada, five of which are new records for the Maritime provinces, including one species that is new for Canada. One species of Kateretidae, Kateretes pusillus (Thunberg) is newly recorded for New Brunswick and the Maritime provinces. Stelidota octomaculata (Say), Phenolia grossa (Fabricius), andCryptarcha strigatula Parsons of the family Nitidulidae are added to the faunal list of New Brunswick; the latter species is new to the Maritime provinces. Two species of Cerylonidae, Philothermus glabriculus LeConte and Cerylon unicolor (Ziegler), are reported for the first time for New Brunswick. Philothermus glabriculus is new for the Maritime provinces. Two species of Endomychidae, Hadromychus chandleri Bousquet and Leschen and Danae testacea (Ziegler) are newly recorded for New Brunswick. Three species of Coccinelidae, Stethorus punctum punctum (LeConte), Naemia seriata seriata Melsheimer, and Macronaemia episcopalis (Kirby) are added to the provincial list. Macronaemia episcopalis (Kirby) is a species new to the Maritime provinces. Nine species of Latridiidae, Cartodere nodifer (Westwood), Dienerella ruficollis (Marsham), Enicmus aterrimus Motschulsky, Enicmus fictus Fall, Encimus histrio Jay and Tomlin, Lathridius minutus (Linnaeus), Stephostethus productus Rosenhauer, Corticaria elongata (Gyllenhal), and Corticarina longipennis (LeConte) are newly recorded for New Brunswick. Stephostehus productus is newly recorded from Canada. Collection and habitat data are presented for all these species.     

New Coleoptera records from New Brunswick, Canada: Stenotrachelidae, Oedemeridae, Meloidae, Myceteridae, Boridae, Pythidae, Pyrochroidae, Anthicidae, and Aderidae

We report 19 new species records for the faunal list of Coleoptera in New Brunswick, Canada, six of which are new records for the Maritime provinces, and one of which is new Canadian record. We also provide the first recent records for five additional species in New Brunswick. One new species of Stenotrachelidae, Cephaloon ungulare LeConte, is added to the New Brunswick faunal list. Additional records are provided for Cephaloon lepturides Newman, as well the first recent record of Nematoplus collaris LeConte. Two species of Oedemeridae, Asclera puncticollis (Say) and Asclera ruficollis (Say), are newly reported for New Brunswick, and additional locality and bionomic data are provided for Calopus angustus LeConte and Ditylus caeruleus (Randall). The records of Ditylus caerulus are the first recent records for the province. Three species of Meloidae, Epicauta pestifera Werner, Lytta sayi LeConte, and Meloe augustcollis Say are reported the first time for New Brunswick; Epicauta pestifera is newly recorded in Canada. Lacconotus punctatus LeConte and the family Mycteridaeis newly recorded for New Brunswick. The first recent records of Borus unicolor Say (Boridae) are reported from the province. One new species of Pythidae, Pytho siedlitzi Blair, and the first recent records of Pytho niger Kirby are added to the faunal list of New Brunswick. Three species of Pyrochroidae are newly reported for the province, including Pedilus canaliculatus (LeConte) and Pedilus elegans (Hentz), which are new for the Maritime provinces. Five species of Anthicidae and the first recent record of Anthicus cervinus LaFerté-Sénectére are newly reported for New Brunswick. Anthicus melancholicus LaFerté-Sénectère, Sapintus pubescens (LaFerté-Sénectère), Notoxus bifasciatus (LeConte), and Stereopalpus rufipes Casey are new to the Maritime provinces faunal list. Ambyderus granularis (LeConte) is removed from the faunal list of the province. Three species of Aderidae, Vanonus huronicus Casey, Zonantes fasciatus (Melsheimer), and Zonantes pallidusWerner, are newly recorded for New Brunswick; Zonantes fasciatus and Vanonus huronicus are new for the Maritime provinces' faunal list. Collection data, bionomic data, and distribution maps are presented for all these species.     

新疆钩虾属一新种(甲壳纲,端足目,钩虾科)

记述了分布在新疆乌拉泊水库、米泉铁厂沟和乌鲁木齐市郊的淡水钩虾1新种,华美钩虾Gammarus decorosus sp.nov.。文中详细描述了其形态特征和与近似种的比较,同时附有特征图。模式标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所。     

A synopsis of the sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) of America south of the United States: introduction, Xyelidae, Pamphiliidae, Cimbicidae, Diprionidae, Xiphydriidae, Siricidae, Orussidae, Cephidae

Abstract Eight families of Symphyta for the Western Hemisphere south of the United States are reviewed: Xyelidae (one genus, two species), Pamphiliidae (one genus, four species), Cimbicidae (five genera, nine species), Diprionidae (three genera, thirteen species), Xiphydriidae (four genera, seventeen species), Siricidae (six genera, nine species), Orussidae (five genera, twelve species), and Cephidae (one genus, one species). New taxa are Acantholyda nigrostigmata (Pamphiliidae); Zadiprionfalsus, Neodiprion bicolor, N.equalis, N.omosus (Diprionidae); Derecyrta circularis, Steirocephala lateralba (Xiphydriidae); Sirotremex, S.flammeus (Siricidae); and Ophrynopus depressatus, O.plaumanni (Orussidae). Lopesiana is a new name for Lopesia Conde (Cimbicidae). Three new combinations and six new synonyms are proposed. The Xyelidae, Pamphiliidae, Diprionidae, Siricidae and Cephidae are primarily northern groups with southern extensions into Mexico, Central America and/or Cuba. The Cimbicidae, Xiphydriidae and Orussidae are more generally distributed throughout the neotropics. Keys to families, genera and species are provided.     

Five new species of Triotemnus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) from Morocco and Yemen

Fivenew species of the genus Triotemnus from Morocco and Yemen are described. Triotemnus is a new genus of Scolytinae for the Yemen region. External morphology of the new species and all morphologically related species of the genus were studied. While the new species from Morocco are morphologically similar to the known species from the corresponding region, all three newly described species from Yemen, mainly two of them living in Socotra, are morphologically very different from all other known species of the genus. Geographical distribution and the probability of endemicity are discussed.     

Oligochaetes (Naididae,Tubificidae, Enchytraeidae and Alluroididae) of Guyana,Peru and Ecuador

More than 41 species in 23 genera of the microdrile oligochaete families Tubificidae, Naididae, Opistocystidae, and Enchytraeidae and the freshwater megadrile family Alluroididae have been identified in recent collections made in Peru, Guyana and Ecuador. Just less than 70% of our species records are new for one or more of these countries and one is a new, albeit tentative, generic record for the South American continent. About 16 species new to science remain to be described. One of these is only the second reported species of Brinkhurstia (Alluroididae) and possesses unusual, single, very elongate penial setae. All of our species records are pertinent to tests of different hypotheses about historical and phylogenetic relationships among organisms of northern and southern South America and North America. The species, including new ones, with limited distributions are of particular significance to such hypotheses.     

New Coleoptera records from New Brunswick, Canada: Mycetophagidae, Tetratomidae, and Melandryidae

We report 21 new species records for the Coleoptera fauna of New Brunswick, Canada, seven of which are new records for the Maritime provinces. Four species of Mycetophagidae (Litargus didesmus Say, Litargus tetrapilotus LeConte, Mycetophagus punctatus Say, and Mycetophagus quadriguttatus Müller) are newly reported for the province of New Brunswick. Litargus didesmus is newly recorded for the Maritime provinces. Seven species of Tetratomidae are added to the faunal list of New Brunswick: Eustrophus tomentosus Say, Penthe obliquata (Fabricius), and Tetratoma tessellata Melsheimer are new to New Brunswick: Hallomenus serricornis LeConte, Pisenus humeralis Kirby, Synstrophus repandus (Horn), and Tetratoma variegata Casey, which are newly recorded for New Brunswick and the Maritime provinces. Ten additional species of Melandryidae are reported from New Brunswick, of which Orchesia cultriformis Laliberté, Orchesia ovata Laliberté, Phloeotrya fusca (LeConte), Scotochroides antennatus Mank, Spilotus quadripustulatus (Melsheimer), Symphora flavicollis (Haldeman), Symphora rugosa (Haldeman), and Zilora hispida LeConte are new for the province, and Microscapha clavicornis LeConte and Zilora nuda Provancher are newly recorded for the Maritime provinces. In addition, we report numerous additional records for three species of Mycetophagidae and one species of Melandryidae previously recorded from New Brunswick that suggest these species are more widely distributed than previously known. Collection, habitat data, and distribution maps are presented for all these species.     

中国新跳蛛属研究(蜘蛛目,跳蛛科)

研究了分布在中国的5种新跳蛛属蜘蛛,包括光滑新跳蛛Neon levis（Simon,1871）、微新跳蛛Neon minutusZabka,1985、人纹新跳蛛Neon ningyo Ikeda,1995、网新跳蛛Neon reticulatus（Blackwall,1853）、王氏新跳蛛,新种Neon wangisP.nov.和带新跳蛛Neon zonatus Bao＆Peng,2002.对王氏新跳蛛,新种Neon wangi sp.nov.做了形态描述,并与近似种进行了比较.新种由美国佛罗里达大学王新平博士1996年7月20日采自贵州荔波县茂兰国家级自然保护区.模式标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所.     

New taxa of Hawaiian corticioid fungi are described with keys to Crustoderma, Radulomyces, and Scopuloides

Four new species of corticioid fungi from Hawaii are described and illustrated. The new genus Hemmesomyces is described to accommodate the new species H. puauluensis. Radulomyces tantalusensis, Crustoderma fuscatum and Scopuloides magnacystidiata also are described as new. In addition, the new combination Crustoderma vulcanense is proposed. Keys to the species of Crustoderma, Radulomyces and Scopuloides are provided.     

中国狭水螟属分类研究(鳞翅目,草螟科,水螟亚科)

系统研究了中国狭水螟属Eristena Warren。共记述5种,包括2新种和中国1新纪录种：月斑狭水螟E.lunularis sp.nov,弯缘狭水螟E.medexpansa sp.nov,小狭水螟E.pumila Yoshiyasu(中国新纪录),叉纹狭水螟Eristena bifurcalis(Pryer)和微狭水螟Eristena minutale(Caradja)。编制了中国狭水螟属的分种检索表,并提供了新种成虫照片和外生殖器特征图。模式标本保存于南开大学生物系。