中国水螅属一新种(水螅虫纲:螅形目)

描述采自黑龙江省大庆、泰来和阿城地区的水螅属一新种：大庆水Ｈｙｄｒａ ｄａｑｉｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ ＦＡｎ,ｓｐ。ｎｏｖ．。新种的主要鉴别特征是：构刺丝囊内顶基部具有４．５～５．０圈横向弹簧状缠卷刺丝,较大型的构刺丝囊、粘刺丝囊和卷刺丝囊,生殖期,雄必个体形成数目较多的精巢（１２～１８个）和雌性个全产生较多的卵（４～１０枚）的遗传特性。标本保存在哈尔滨师范大学生物学系无脊椎动物教研室。     

大乳头水螅在中国的首次发现

淡水水螅有效物种已记述36种。史新柏等(1987)对哈尔滨的强壮水螅Hydra robustaIto,1947作过报道;范学铭报道了中国水螅4个新种,即哈尔滨水螅Hydra harbinensisFan、漠河水螅Hydra mohensisFan,1999、大庆水螅Hydra daqin-gensisFan,2000和北京水螅Hydra beijingensisFan,2003,     

五种水螅基因组DNA的RAPD多态性研究

利用RAPD技术对水螅科2属5种水螅进行了基因组DNA多态性研究.80个随机引物筛选出18个引物,共扩增出303个清晰稳定的DNA片段,分子量在0.3～3.0kb之间.以UPGMA聚类法构建树状图,阐明水螅属种的分类关系:大庆水螅Hydra daqingensis、北京水螅H.beijingensis和强壮水螅H.robusta 3种分成两组并聚在一起;不同属的漠河水螅H.mohensis和绿水螅Chlorohydra sp.聚为一支;由此2属5种水螅分为两个支系.     

福建沿海水螅水母四新种记述：（裸鞘花水母亚纲,被鞘软水母亚纲）

本文报道福建沿海类４新种,既六辐拟线水母Ｎｅｍｏｐｓｉｓ ｈｅｘａｃａｎａｌｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,福建无垂水母Ｏｒｔｈｏｐｙｘｉｓ ｆｕｊｉａｎｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ ｎｏｖ．、短柄和平水母Ｅｉｒｅｎｅ ｂｒｅｖｉｓｔｙｌｕｓ．ｎｏｖ．、乳突多管水母Ａｅｑｕｏｒｅａ ｐａｐｉｌｌａｔａ ｓｐ．ｍｏｖ．。     

水螅的反口孔结构和功能

在２３０个水螅（Ｐｅｌｍａｔｏｈｙｄｒａｐｓｅｕｄｏｌｉｇａｃｔｉｓ）中观察到３８例反口孔排物过程。反口孔静止时,基盘附着层外表中心见不到孔迹。反口孔开启时,有废物或气体从孔内排出。连续切片检查,发现反口孔排物前,基盘腔内堆积有食泡残骸等许多废物,孔周死亡细胞和断裂废弃的中胶层在反口孔开启时脱落。非排物期,基盘附着层中心处缺少中胶层。根据观察结果,对反口孔的结构特点及其生理功能作了讨论。     

中国水螅属一新种(螅形目,水螅科)

记述采自北京地区水螅属1新种：北京水螅Hydra beijingensis sp．nov．。新种的主要鉴别特征是出现体部与柄的分化;钩刺丝囊内刺丝缠绕具有2种形态：大部分钩刺丝囊(占2／3左右)内顶端基部刺丝呈4～5圈横向弹簧状缠绕,而占所观察刺丝囊总数1／3左右的囊内刺丝为不规则缠绕和纵向缠绕。标本保存在哈尔滨师范大学生命与环境科学学院生物学系无脊椎动物研究室。     

中国水螅属一新种(水螅纲,水螅科)

报道采自广东省肇庆市的淡水水螅1新种,多形水螅Hydra polymorphus sp.nov.,研究标本均来自1只水螅的单系繁殖群体,测量数据经生物统计学处理。新种的钩刺丝囊外形及内部刺丝盘旋均有多种形态,故新种名以此命名。所有研究标本保存于深圳大学生命科学学院。     

水螅和涡虫的立体生态养殖

水螅（Ｈｙｄｒａ）和三角头涡虫（Ｄｕｇｅｓｉａ）是动物学实验与研究的重要材料,但由于河流污染和生态环境的破坏,野外已不易采到。人们曾摸索了许多单纯饲养水螅和涡虫的方法,但由于投饵和经常换水等问题,工作量较大而不能长期养殖。我们在研究野外水螅和涡虫共同栖息的小生境的基础上,结合前人的一些经验,于１９９４年开始在室内进行了水螅和涡虫的立体生态混养实验,获得了成功。１　饲养缸的制作和安放用０．５ｃｍ厚的普通玻璃制作长５５ｃｍ、宽３３ｃｍ、高２５ｃｍ和长３５ｃｍ、宽３５ｃｍ、高１５ｃｍ的玻璃缸各１个,前…     

水螅中NPY类似物的分布定位

水螅（Ｈｙｄｒａｖｕｌｇａｒｉｓ）是一种淡水腔肠动物，有原始的两胚层结构：外胚层、内胚层和非细胞结构的中胶层，并出现了组织分化，具有简单的网状神经系统。它是研究动物进化发育的常用材料。自１９８２年Ｔａｔｅｍｏｔｏ等首次在猪脑中分离得到３６个氨基酸的多...     

水螅变形虫

简述了水螅变形虫的发现和研究历史,报告了在哈尔滨近郊采到的此虫的生境、形态、运动特征及寄生于水螅的情况。结语指出继续研究此虫的生物学意义。     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV     

Similar aerosol emission rates and viral loads in upper respiratory tracts for COVID-19 patients with Delta and Omicron variant infection

Highlights
1 Aerosol emission rates of Delta or Omicron patients were similar.
2 Viral loads in upper respiratory tract of Alpha, Delta and Omicron patients were similar.
3 Viral loads in upper respiratory tract of vaccinated or unvaccinated Delta patients had no difference.     

Recombinant human interferon-α1b inhibits SARS-CoV-2 better than interferon-α2b in vitro

Highlights
1) A comprehensive evaluation method for anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs was established based on RT-qPCR, TCID₅₀ method, and immunofluorescence.
2) A significant antiviral effect of rHuIFN-α1b was shown with EC₅₀=0.12 IU/mL in Vero cells and EC₅₀=0.52 IU/mL in Calu-3 cells, which was better than rHuIFN-α2b (EC₅₀=0.25 IU/mL in Vero cells and EC₅₀=2.48 IU/mL in Calu-3 cells).
3) rHuIFN-α1b has a good potential in the application of anti-COVID-19 therapy.     

Continued antigenic variation of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in laying hens in China, 2020–2021

Highlights
1. 13 strains of H7N9 viruses from laying hens in 2020 and 2021 were identified.
2. H7N9 viruses in China comprised at least 11 genotypes.
3. H7N9 viruses are high pathogenic in chickens, not in ducks.
4. The most H7N9 viruses cross-reacted poorly with H7-Re3 antiserum.
5. The H7-Re3 vaccine was unable to prevent H7N9 infection.