黄瓜花叶病毒山东株（CMV—SD）RNA2全和cDNA克隆的构建及全序列分析

分别利用５’ＲＡＣＥ和３’ＲＡＣＥ确定了ＣＭＶ－ＳＤＲＮＡ２的５’和３’未端序列,在此基础上,利用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ得到了ＲＮＡ２的５’端一半的ｃＤＮＡＤＱ ＢＴＧ Ｐｃ２５和３’端一半的ｃＤＮＡ克隆ＰＣ２３,并通过拼接构建了ＲＮＡ２全长ｃＤＮＡ克隆ＰＣ２Ｆ。     

测量细胞内吞过程中膜受体流动性的新方法

本文首次提出用ＡＢＣ（ＡｖｉｄｉｎＢｉｏｔｉｎＣｏｍｐｌｅｘ）法标记细胞膜受体,通过ＦＲＡＰ（ＦｌｕｏｒｅｓｃｅｎｃｅＲｅｃｏｖｅｒｙＡｆｔｅｒＰｈｏｔｏｂｌｅａｃｈｉｎｇ）技术,测量细胞内吞过程中受体流动性变化的方法。实验选择巨噬细胞ＣｏｎＡ受体,比较了用ＣｏｎＡ－Ｂｉｏｔｉｎ＋Ａｖｉｄｉｎ－ＦＩＴＣ（ＡＢＣ法）和ＣｏｎＡ－ＦＩＴＣ（直接法）标记的膜表面ＣｏｎＡ受体荧光强度和内吞过程中受体的流动性测量结果。结果显示ＣｏｎＡ－Ｂｉｏｔｉｎ＋Ａｖｉｄｉｎ－ＦＩＴＣ标记的巨噬细胞膜受体的平均荧光强度比用ＣｏｎＡ－ＦＩＴＣ标记的平均荧光强度高大约３倍;ＡＢＣ法标记的受体,测量结果误差小、灵敏度高;ＣｏｎＡ刺激１５ｍｉｎ后,巨噬细胞膜表面ＣｏｎＡ受体的扩散系数和荧光恢复率较静息状态时明显下降。讨论了两种标记方法对测量结果的影响     

皮质酮快速抑制PC12细胞乙酰胆碱诱发电流影响及机制探讨

目的和方法：本研究采用全细胞膜片箝技术,观察皮质酮（Ｂ）对ＰＣ１２细胞上乙酰胆碱诱发电流（ＩＡＣｈ）的快速作用并初步探讨其可能机制。结果：ＰＣ１２细胞上ＩＡＣｈ是通过烟碱受体（ｎＡＣｈＲ）引起的。箝制电压为－８０ｍＶ时,ＡＣｈ（３０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）诱发一内向电流;细胞外灌流同时给予ＡＣｈ和Ｂ（１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）时,Ｂ对ＩＡＣｈ的抑制作用较弱;用Ｂ（１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）对细胞进行预处理,可提高Ｂ对ＩＡＣｈ峰值的抑制率,作用呈可逆性、浓度依赖性和非电压依赖性;细胞外用ＲＮＡ合成抑制剂放线菌素Ｄ（４×１０－５～４×１０－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）或蛋白合成抑制剂放线菌酮（１０－４～１０－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）孵育细胞１～２ｈ阻断基因机制,但均不影响Ｂ对ＩＡＣｈ的快速抑制作用。结论：Ｂ对ＰＣ１２细胞上ＩＡＣｈ有快速抑制作用,此作用可能是由非基因组机制介导的。     

高及低转移潜能小鼠肝癌细胞株糖蛋白凝集素结合特征的研究

为探讨肿瘤转移与细胞表面的糖结构的关系,对小鼠肝癌细胞的高、低淋巴道转移株ＨＣａ－Ｆ和ＨＣａ－Ｐ进行了蛋白质电泳及经蛋白质印迹术后的５种凝集素（ＣｏｎＡ、ＷＧＡ、ＵＥＡ、ＳＢＡ、ＰＮＡ）结合糖蛋白谱的对比分析。结果表明：高、低转移两株细胞的ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ谱基本相同;Ｃｏｎ Ａ特异结合糖蛋白共有５种（￣７２,８０￣９０,￣１０４,￣１５０,￣２００ｋＤ）;其中较明显的差异为￣７２ｋＤ ＣｏｎＡ特异     

BALB／c等小鼠线粒体DNAD环区PCR—SSCP分析

用ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ方法分析ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ等７个近交系小鼠线粒体ＤＮＡ（ｍｔＤＮＡ）的多态性,探讨其遗传起源及亲缘关系,结果发现,这些小鼠ｍｔＤＮＡ的高变异性区,Ｄ－ｌｏｏｐ ５’及３’端的ＳＳＣＰ电泳带型完全相同,未发现多态性。表明ＴＡ２、６１５、Ｔ７３９、ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ、Ｃ３Ｈ、Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６Ｊ、ＤＢＡ／２等近交系小鼠的ｍｔＤＮＡ具有高度的同源性。     

乙型肝炎病人重叠感染丙型肝炎的评价

应用ＥＬＩＳＡ和ＰＣＲ法检测５０２例乙肝病人血清,４０１例ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性血清中,有１１４例（２８．４％）抗－ＨＣＶ和ＨＣＶＲＮＡ双项阳性,２５例（６．２％）ＨＣＶＲＮＡ单项阳性;２１例（５．２％）抗－ＨＣＶ单项阳性。将ＨＢｓＡｇ乙肝病人分成ＨＢＶＤＮＡ,ＨＢｅＡｇ阳性组和ＨＢＶＤＮＡ,ＨＢｅＡｇ阴性组。前者抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率为１１．６％～２０．５％,ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阳性率为１６．２％～２０．５％。后者抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率为２０．２％～５５．６％,ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阳性率为２３％～６０．３％。结果说明长期携带ＨＢＶ者和慢性乙肝病人均可重叠ＨＣＶ感染。ＨＢＶＤＮＡ阳性组抗－ＨＣＶ和ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阳性率明显高于ＨＢＶＤＮＡ阳性组     

巨噬细胞细胞内吞过程中膜受体流动性的测量——两种标记受体…

本文首次实现了细胞内吞过程中膜受体流动性的测量。实验选择巨噬细胞膜和伴刀豆凝集素Ａ（ＣｏｎＡ）。分别用ＣｏｎＡ－Ｂｉｏｔｉｎ＋Ａｖｉｄｉｎ－ＦＩＴＣ（ＡＢＣ法）和ＣｏｎＡ－ＦＩＴＣ（直接法）两种方法标记巨哓细胞膜ＣｏｎＡ受体，比较了这两咱方法标记的巨噬细胞ＣｏｎＡ受体的荧光强度，利用ＦＲＡＰ技术。分别用两种标记方法测量了巨细胞ＣｏｎＡ受体的流动性。结果显示ＣｏｎＡ－Ｂｉｏｔｉｎ＋Ａｖｉｄｉｎ－ＦＩ     

去甲斑蝥素与单克隆抗体偶联物治疗肝癌实验研究

用大鼠单克隆抗体３Ａ５与去甲斑蝥素（ＮＣＴＤ）制备偶联物，ＥＬＩＳＡ检测结果表明：３Ａ５－ＮＣＴＤ偶联物保持对人肝癌ＢＥＬ－７４０２细胞和小鼠肝癌Ｈ２２细胞的免疫反应性。克隆生成法测定结果显示：３Ａ５－ＮＣＴＤ具有比ＮＣＴＤ更强的细胞毒性。小鼠腹腔内移植肿瘤，ｉｐ给药，３Ａ５－ＮＣＴＤ和ＮＣＴＤ的ＩＬＳ值分别为１１１％和３７％。结果说明在腹腔肿瘤的治疗方面３Ａ５－ＮＣＴＤ具有比游离ＮＣＴＤ更强的治     

人食管鳞状上皮癌糖复合物表达的研究

凝集素可与其相对应的糖复合物特异性结合。在癌症形成过程中细胞表面经历着显著的变化,本文用十种生物素化凝集素即ＵＥＡ－Ｉ、ＲＣＡ－Ｉ、ＤＢＡ、ＰＳＡ、ＰＮＡ、ＢＳＬ、ＬＣＡ、ＷＧＡ、ＣｏｎＡ和ＳＢＡ作为探针,对正常食管上皮和食管鳞状上皮癌进行研究,以确定正常食管上皮和食管鳞状上皮癌中糖复合物的改变,结果发现,ＰＮＡ和ＰＳＡ在正常食管和食管鳞状上皮癌中均无反应,ＲＣＡ－Ｉ、ＤＢＡ、ＢＳＬ、ＬＣＡ、ＣｏｎＡ和ＳＢＡ受体在正常和癌组织中有着特征性变化,ＢＳＬ和ＤＢＡ在食管中无反应,ＬＣＡ、ＳＢＡ和ＲＣＡ－１正常食管和食管鳞状上皮癌中反应方式不同,ＣｏｎＡ和ＷＧＡ则在同一癌组织的不同部位都显示出不同的反应。尽管ＵＥＡ－Ｉ在正常食管和食管鳞状上皮癌均呈阳性反应,但似乎未表现出有意义的变化。上述结果提示食管癌的发生与含α－Ｄ－ＧａｌＮＡｃ（ＤＢＡ和ＳＢＡ）、β－Ｄ－Ｇａｌ／β－Ｎ－ａｃｅｔｙｌ－Ｄ－Ｇａｌａｃｔｏｓａｍｉｎｅ（ＲＣＡ－Ｉ）、α－Ｄ－Ｇｌｃ／α－Ｄ－Ｍａｎ（ＬＣＡ和ＣｏｎＡ）、［β－（１－４）－Ｄ－ＧｌｃＮＡｃ］２／ＮｅｕＮＡｃ（ＷＧＡ）和α－Ｄ－Ｇａｌ（ＢＳＬ）等的糖复合物的改变有较为密切的关系。     

ATP对巨噬细胞内吞和溶酶体pH的影响

ＦＩＴＣ－ｄｅｘｔｒａｎ标记培养的小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞溶酶体,ＣｏｎＡ－ＦＩＴＣ标记细胞内吞。用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜测量伴刀豆球蛋白（ＣｏｎＡ）、ＡＴＰ引起的巨噬细胞溶酶体ｐＨ动态变化和ＡＴＰ对细胞内吞ＣｏｎＡ－ＦＩＴＣ的影响。结果显示ＣｏｎＡ引起巨噬细胞溶酶体ｐＨ迅速增加,６ｍｉｎ左右达到峰值（ｐＨ５．７）;ＡＴＰ刺激３０ｍｉｎ后再加入ＣｏｎＡ,溶酶体ｐＨ无明显变化（ｐＨ４．０）;同时加入ＡＴＰ和ＣｏｎＡ,５ｍｉｎ左右溶酶体ｐＨ降到最低点（ｐＨ４．１）;ＡＴＰ对巨噬细胞内吞ＣｏｎＡ－ＦＩＴＣ有明显的抑制作用。探讨了受体介导内吞与溶酶体ｐＨ的关系。     

Inhibition by succinyl concanavalin A of strong adjuvant activity of lipopolysaccharides which possess mannans as the O-specific polysaccharide chains

It has been reported that lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from Klebsiella O3 and O5 and Escherichia coli O8 and O9 exhibit extraordinarily strong adjuvant activity in augmenting antibody responses against protein antigens in mice as compared with other kinds of LPS. These four kinds of LPS all possess homopolysaccharides consisting of mannose (mannans) as the O-specific side chains. When these kinds of LPS were mixed in vitro with succinyl concanavalin A (Con A) which is known to bind specifically to alpha-mannoside and alpha-glucoside, their strong adjuvant activity was inhibited. Degree of the inhibition of the adjuvant activity of Klebsiella O3 LPS by succinyl Con A was dependent upon the dose of succinyl Con A. However, phytohemagglutinin, which is known to bind specifically to N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, did not inhibit the adjuvant activity of Klebsiella O3 LPS and O5 LPS. When Klebsiella O3 LPS was mixed with succinyl Con A in the presence of excess amounts of alpha-methyl mannoside or the polysaccharide fraction isolated from Klebsiella O3 LPS, the inhibitory effect of succinyl Con A on the adjuvant activity of Klebsiella O3 LPS was blocked. By contrast, the activity of Klebsiella O3 LPS as a polyclonal B-cell activator was not affected by treatment with succinyl Con A. From these results it is concluded that the mannans, as the O-specific polysaccharide chains of the LPS, significantly contribute to expression of their strong adjuvant activity.     

Effect of concanavalin A on the kinetics of ecto-5'-adenosine monophosphatase (5'-adenosine monophosphate phosphohydrolase) in the outer surface of intact neural cells in culture.

Oncogenic cultured rat C6 astroblastoma cells display strikingly high ecto-5'-adenosine monophosphatase (ecto-5'-AMPase) activity, 4.23 +/- 20 mumol of Pi liberated by intact cells from 3 mM extracellular 5'-AMP (mg of protein-1 h-1, as compared with 0.15 +/- 0.01 for nononcogenic cultured hamster astroblasts. A further rise in C6 cell ecto-5'-AMPase activity occurs with increase in cell density during growth. Less than 2 pg of the lectin, concanavalin A (Con A), bound per cell reversibly inhibits most of the cellular ecto-5'-AMPase activity. Inhibition by Con A binding is independent of cellular temperature. Con A binding suppresses phosphohydrolase activity of a pK=7.4 functional group on the cell surface. A direct proportionality is observed between quantity of Con A bound to the cell surface and simultaneous relative decreases both in Michaelis constant and maximum velocity of ecto-5'-AMPase in the intact cell. The findings suggest that a major consequence of the specific high affinity binding of Con A to the C6 cell surface is the inactivation of the enzyme--substrate complex of ecto-5'-AMPase.     

Metal Ion Binding and Conformational Transitions in Concanavalin A: A Structure-Function Study

Abstract

The affinity of the lectin Concanavalin A (Con A) for saccharides, and its requirement for metal ions such as Mn²⁺ and Ca²⁺, have been known for about 50 years. However the relationship between metal ion binding and the saccharide binding activity of Con A has only recently been examined in detail. Brown et al. (Biochemistry 16, 3883 (1977)) showed that Con A exists as a mixture of two conformational states: a “locked” form and an “unlocked” form. The unlocked form of the protein weakly binds metal ions and saccharide, and is the predominate conformation of demetallized Con A (apo-Con A) at equilibrium. The locked form binds two metal ions per monomer with the resulting complex(es) possessing full saccharide binding activity. Brown and coworkers measured the kinetics of the transition of the unlocked form to the fully metallized locked conformation containing Mn²⁺and Ca²⁺. They also demonstrated that Mn²⁺ alone could form a locked ternary complex with Con A, and that rapid removal of the ions resulted in a metastable form of apo-Con A in the locked conformation which slowly (hours at 25°C) reverted back to (predominantly) the unlocked conformation. The ability to form either conformation in the absence or presence of metal ions has thus allowed us to explore the relationship between metal ion binding and conformational transitions in Con A as determinants of the saccharide binding activity of the lectin.

Based on the kinetics of the transition of unlocked apo-Con A to fully metallized locked Con A, and X-ray crystallographic data, it appears that the transition between the two conformations of Con A involves a cis-trans isomerization of an Ala-Asp peptide bond in the backbone of the protein, near one of the two metal ion binding sites. The relatively large activation energy for the transition (～ 22 kcal M^?1) results in relatively slow interconversions between the conformations (from minutes to days), whereas the equilibria with metal ions and saccharide are rapid. Thus, many metastable complexes can be formed and a variety of transition pathways between the two conformations studied.

We have identified and characterized binary, ternary, and quaternary complexes of both conformations of Con A containing Mn²⁺ and saccharide, and have determined both metalion and saccharide dissociation constants for all of them, as well as equilibrium and kinetic values for the conformational transitions between them. The main finding is that saccharide binds very weakly (K_d～2 M) to unlocked apo-Con A and very tightly to the locked ternary Mn²⁺-Con A complex (K_d～ 10^?4 M). Saccharide binding increases along the various pathways connecting these two species in a nonadditive fashion. Thus, both conformation and metal ion binding determine the saccharide affinity of each complex, although the specificity of saccharide binding of the various species is maintained throughout.     

化学修饰对金顶侧耳多糖抗病毒（CB_5）活性的影响

从金顶侧耳子实体中分离纯化一半乳甘露聚糖ＰＣ－３,其分子量约为６７ｋＤ,一级结构为α（１→６）糖苷键相连的Ｇａｌ构成分子的主链,部份残基Ｃ_２上带有分支,分支结构为α（１－２）Ｍａｎ－α（１－２）Ｍａｎ。按高碘酸氧化、部份酸水解,甲基化、硫酸化程序对ＰＣ－３的结构进行化学修饰;并分别将ＰＣ－３及其衍生物与柯萨奇病毒Ｂ_５进行体外实验,结果表明,ＰＣ－３经硫酸化后,显著地提高了抗病毒活性;而高碘酸氧化,甲基化,部份酸水解产物则降低了抗ＣＢ_５的活性。     

Concanavalin A inhibition of ecto-5'-nucleotidase of intact cultured C6 glioma cells.

A pronounced effect of concanavalin A (Con A) upon activity of ecto-5'-nucleotidase of intact C6 glioma cells in culture has been demonstrated. A near linear rate of decrease in 5'-nucleotidase activity was observed upon treatment with concentrations of Con A up to 0.25 muM. Nonspecific phosphatase activity and Ca2+-dependent ATPase activity were not inhibited by Con A treatment of the cells. Of the total 5'-nucleotidase activity of C6 cells (Vmax = 5.0 mumol of Pi liberated/mg of cell protein/hour), approximately 20% still remained after treatment with high concentrations of Con A. The inhibitory effect of Con A operated to reduce substantially Vmax for ecto-5'-nucleotidase. Inhibition was reversed by briefly incubating the Con A-treated cells with alpha-methyl-D-glucoside, or alpha-methyl-D-mannoside, the later being more effective. These findings suggest that a relatively specific, reversible, inhibition of ecto-5'-nucleotidase results from Con A binding to the surface of the intact cultured mammalian cells.     

Adjuvant activity of Klebsiella O3 lipopolysaccharide: inhibition of the adjuvant activity by concanavalin A

Klebsiella O3 lipopolysaccharide (KO3 LPS) was found to exhibit extraordinarily strong adjuvant activity in augmenting antibody responses and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to protein antigens in mice. The O-specific polysaccharide chain of KO3 LPS consists of alpha-mannoside. We investigated the effect of concanavalin A (Con A) or succinyl Con A, which is known to bind to alpha-mannoside, on the adjuvant activity of KO3 LPS in augmenting DTH to ovalbumin. When KO3 LPS was mixed with Con A prior to injection, the strong adjuvant activity of KO3 LPS in augmenting DTH was inhibited and the degree of inhibition depended upon the dose of Con A. An equal amount of Con A elicited nearly complete inhibition of the adjuvant activity of KO3 LPS, Con A at 1/10 the amount of LPS elicited partial inhibition, and Con A at 1/100 the amount of LPS showed no inhibition. An equal amount of succinyl Con A, which induced less marked aggregation of KO3 LPS than Con A, elicited inhibition of the adjuvant activity of KO3 LPS to an extent similar to that by Con A. On the other hand, Con A or succinyl Con A bound to KO3 LPS did not impair in any way the lethal toxicity of KO3 LPS for mice which is known to be due to the lipid A moiety. From these findings it is concluded that the strong adjuvant activity of KO3 LPS does not solely depend upon the lipid A moiety but the O-specific polysaccharide moiety plays an important role in expression of the adjuvant activity.     

Expression and regulation of phospholipase D isoforms in mammalian cell lines

Phospholipase D (PLD) is activated in mammalian cells in response to diverse stimuli that include growth factors, activators of protein kinase C, and agonists binding to G-protein-coupled receptors. Two forms of mammalian PLD, PLD1 and PLD2, have been identified. Expression of mRNA and protein for PLD1 and PLD2 was analyzed in the following cell lines: A7r5 (rat vascular smooth muscle); EL4 (mouse thymoma); HL-60 (human myeloid leukemia); Jurkat (human leukemia); PC-3 (human prostate adenocarcinoma); PC-12K (rat phaeochromocytoma); and Rat-1 HIR (rat fibroblast). All, with the exception of EL4, express agonist-activated PLD activity. PLD1 is expressed in A7r5, HL-60, PC-3, and Rat-1, while PLD2 is expressed in A7r5, Jurkat, PC12K, PC-3, and Rat-1. Neither isoform is expressed in EL4. Guanine nucleotide-independent PLD activity is present in membranes from all cells expressing PLD2. In PC12K cells, which express only PLD2, treatment with nerve growth factor causes neurite outgrowth and increases expression of PLD2 mRNA and protein within 6-12 h. A corresponding increase is observed in membrane PLD activity and in phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-stimulated PLD activity in intact cells. These results show that PLD2 can be regulated both pretranslationally and posttranslationally by agonists.     

Early increase in lymphocyte cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity upon mitogenic activation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells was significantly increased following a short (30 min) incubation with the mitogenic lectin Concanavalin A. Con A stimulated phosphodiesterase activity to the same extent whatever the subcellular compartment (homogenate, cytosol or pellet). Further separation of the Con A-activated mononuclear cells into lymphocyte-enriched and monocyte-enriched populations showed that the Con A-induced increase of phosphodiesterase activity exclusively affected the lymphocyte-enriched population. In lymphocytes, cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase activity was more importantly enhanced by Con A (+275%) than cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase activity (+75%). The increase of both activities occurred as early as from 10 min of Con A incubation and proved to be maximal with Con A doses of 2.5 and 5 micrograms per 10(6) cells, lower and higher doses being less effective. Inhibition experiments with reference inhibitors suggested that, among the high affinity phosphodiesterase isoforms, the cyclic GMP-inhibited enzyme might be more selectively enhanced by Con A than the cyclic AMP-specific, Rolipram-sensitive one. The non-mitogenic lectin Helix pomatia hemagglutinin, was not able to enhance cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity of human mononuclear cells whereas anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, although being less effective than Con A, exhibited a significant stimulatory effect. Putting together these results suggest that the early increase in phosphodiesterase activity might be a normal step involved in the mitogenic activation of human lymphocyte.     

Cytosolic phospholipase C activity: II. Relationship to concanavalin A-induced phosphatidylinositol-turnover in splenocytes

We have described in the first paper the coupling betweencytosolic Giα and cytosolic PLC activity in a cell free preparation. In order to establish the functional significance of the cytosolic Giα coupled soluble PLC, we examined the effects of Dex, NaF, and trifluopeerizine (TEP) on concanavalin A(Con A)-induced PI-turnover in intact slenocytes and, in parallel, on soluble PLC activity in cytosol preparations. Vytosolic PLC activity was measured with [³H]PIP and [³H]PIP₂ as substrates. (1) The con A-induced increase (2–4 fold) in Pl-turnover in intact splenocytes was paralleled by an 1.2–5-fold increase in soluble PLC activity in vitro. Con A administration also increased cytosolic Giα immunoreactivity 3–6-fold as expected if cytosolic Giα was coupled to soluble PLC activation. (2) DEX (10^?7 M), administered 6 h prior to Con A administration inbited the Con A-induced increase in Pl-turnover in intact splenocytes. This was paralleled by DEX inhibition of the Con A-induced increase in soluble PLC activity measured in vitro and cytosolic Giα imunoreactivity. (3) We have demonstrated in the first paper that NaF and TEP inhibited soluble PLC activity. Here we show that NaF and TFP inhibited the Con A-induced increase in PI-turnover extending the similarities between soluble PLC activity and Con A- Stimulated PLC Activity in intact splenocytes. (4) In order to examine Whether or not the Con A-induced PLC activity and Con A-stimulated PLC activity in intact splenocytes. (4) In order to examine Whether or not the Con A-induced PLC was similar to PLCγ, we measured PI-turnover induced by Con A or BaVO₃ in combination with DEX and PMA. Whereas the Con A-induced PI-turnover was significantly inhibited (40–60%) by DEX, the NaVO₃ -induced PI-turnover was not affected by DEX. The Con A-induced PI-turnover was not affected by PMA (50nM), But the NaVO₃-induced Pi-turnover was increased over 2-fold PMA (50nM), suggesting that the Con A-induced PLC in intact splenocytes is different from NaVO₃-induced PLC. Based on these results a model for the sequential activation of substrate-specific PLCs in splenocyte by mitogen is presented.