大型公立医院实行院务公开制度的实践探索

为了进一步提高公立医院的透明度，通过在社会、患者、内部职工等各个层面开展院务公开工作，提升了医院外部形象，使患者对公立医院的内部结构、就医流程、个人账目等一目了然，改善了医患之间的关系，提高了医生和患者的满意度，同时有助于杜绝腐败现象的发生。     

基于远程医疗的异地转诊就医一体化实践探索

为探索借助远程医疗解决异地转诊就医一体化的问题，为异地转诊就医患者提供医疗保障。某医院成立专科疾病医联体，借助远程医疗对异地转诊就医患者提供医疗服务，总结某医院借助远程医疗，以专科疾病医联体进行精准转诊、异地就医，提供医疗保障的实践经验。某医院借助远程医疗，以专科疾病医联体为抓手，制定了精准转诊的规章制度，为异地就医患者提供了更加方便快捷的服务，同时降低了医疗费用，节省了医疗基金的开支，实践效果显著。借助远程医疗，成立专科疾病医联体，可以很好的实现患者精准转诊、精准医疗，解决异地就诊患者“看病难、看病贵”问题，为异地就医患者提供更好的医疗保障，助推实现全国异地就医一体化的大健康战略。     

加强医疗欠费的内部控制探讨

“债权和债务”内部控制点中的医疗欠费对医院的风险影响越来越大。根据医疗欠费形成的过程，对医疗欠费内部控制流程进行分析，通过明确控制要点和控制方法，找出薄弱环节，进而提出完善医疗欠费内部控制的几点建议。     

分级诊疗下业务紧密型医疗卫生协同网建设的实践

针对当前医疗资源的结构性失衡、居民看病就医的“倒金字塔”现象突出等问题,国家和各省市均采取了相应的政策导向和举措,目的在于引导秩序就医及优质医疗资源下沉基层。新型的区域医疗卫生协同网络在促进医疗资源纵向整合上有着明显优势,从上海浦东新区区域医疗中心联合区域内11家社区卫生服务中心构建业务紧密型的医疗卫生协同网的实践,围绕新农合按人头支付政策实施,探索引导优质医疗资源下沉和患者就医科学、合理的模式。     

口腔器械手机的消毒灭菌管理

为了防止口腔疾患在诊疗过程中的医源性感染,对使用频繁,污染严重的手机进行规范消毒灭菌管理,通过收集、传送、清洗消毒、注油养护、包装、灭菌、存放各环节质量控制,保证了手机消毒灭菌质量,控制医源性感染的发生,为患者安全就医提供有效保障措施。     

患者就医参与行为实证研究：基于成都市的调查

患者就医全过程参与是客观存在的,研究涵盖了患者就医过程中所传出的、与医疗活动相关的身心投入与努力。文章采用问卷调查方式收集数据,研究患者就医参与行为特征。结果表明,患者就医参与行为包括4个维度：患者参与患者安全行为、遵医配合行为、就医前信息搜集行为以及医患互动交流行为。同时分析了不同人口学背景下的患者在就医参与行为4个维度方面的异同。     

浅谈内部审计在企业管理中的作用

内部审计是企业财务管理的重要组成部分,审计机构的只能是否正常发挥关系到企业管理的成败。内部审计是企业决策层管理企业的手段,在企业的风险管理、内部控制和公司治理起着重要的作用。本文从风险管理、内部控制和公司治理三个方面分析了内部审计在企业管理中的作用表现。     

构建患者安全管理体系的实践与思考

保障患者安全是各级医疗的机构管理重心,以事前管理为重点,事后管理为补充,构建患者安全管理体系,从不良事件上报、高危哨点预警、患者安全文化、医疗风险转移四个维度构建患者安全管理的事前管理架构,进而从系统上保障患者安全,降低医疗风险。     

我院调和满意度模型的构建思路与初步实践

柳州市人民医院通过构建“调和满意度模型”,即应用模型的核心是让患者在就医环境、医疗设备、医辅服务、服务态度、医护技术、诊疗效果、服务价格方面体验到更多的满足,同时让医院员工在工作本身、背景、群体、回报、管理5个方面体验到更多的满足,全面改善了患者就医体验。     

患者就医期望的研究现状及进展

就医期望是居民就医需求和愿望的反映,是医院管理、卫生服务供给、卫生政策制定的重要参考依据。通过对国内外相关文献的回顾,从概念内涵、研究内容、测量评价、影响因素等方面对患者就医期望的研究现状及进展进行阐述,并分析现有研究的问题和不足,以期为以后的相关研究提供参考借鉴。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

Physiological characteristics of various species of strains of carboxydobacteria

Seven strains of aerobic carbon monoxide-oxidizing bacteria (carboxydebacteria) when growing on CO as sole source of carbon and energy had doubling times which ranged from 12–42 h. The activity profiles obtained after discontinuous sucrose density gradient centrifugation indicated that the CO-oxidizing enzymes are soluble and the hydrogenases are membrane-bound in all strains examined. The CO-oxidizing enzymes of Pseudomonas carboxydohydrogena, Pseudomonas carboxydoflava, Comamonas compransoris, and the so far unidentified strains OM2, OM3, and OM4 had a molecular weight of 230,000; that of Achromobacter carboxydus amounted to 170,000. The molecular weights of the CO-oxidizing and H₂-oxidizing enzymes turned out to be identical. The cell sonicates were shown to catalyze the oxidation of both CO and H₂ with methylene blue, thionine, phenazine methosulfate, toluylene blue, dichlorophenolindophenol, cytochrome c or ferricyanide as electron acceptors. Methyl viologen, benzyl viologen, FAD⁺, FMN⁺, and NAD(P)⁺ were not reduced. The spectrum of electron acceptors was identical for all strains tested. Neither free formate, hydrogen nor oxygen gas were involved in the CO-oxidation reaction. Methylene blue was reduced by CO at a 1:1 molar ratio. The results indicate that CO-oxidation by carboxydobacteria is catalyzed by identical or similar enzymes and that the reaction obeys the equation CO+H₂OCO₂+2H⁺+2e^- as previously shown for Pseudomonas carboxydovorans.Dedicated to Otto Kandler remembering almost three decades of enjoyable cooperation     

Modulation of allostery of pyruvate kinase by shifting of an ensemble of microstates

Since the introduction of the concepts of allostery about four decades ago, much advancement has been made in elucidating the structure-function correlation in allostery. However, there are still a number of issues that remain unresolved. In this review we used mammalian pyruvate kinase (PK) as a model system to understand the role of protein dynamics in modulating cooperativity. PK has a triosephosphate isomerase (TIM)(α/β)₈ barrel structural motif. PK is an ideal system to address basic questions regarding regulatory mechanisms about this common (α/β)₈ structural motif. The simplest model accounting for all of the solution thermodynamic and kinetic data on ligand-enzyme interactions involves two conformational states, inactive E^T and active E^R. These conformational states are represented by domain movements. Further studies provide the first evidence for a differential effect of ligand binding on the dynamics of the structural elements, not major secondary structural changes. These data are consistent with our model that allosteric regulation of PK is the consequence of perturbation of the distribution of an ensemble of states in which the inactive E^T and active E^R represent the two extreme end states. Sequence differences and ligands can modulate the distribution of states leading to alterations of functions. The future work includes: defining the network of functionally connected residues; elucidating the chemical principles governing the sequence differences which affect functions; and probing the nature of mutations on the stability of the secondary structural elements, which in turn modulate allostery.     

（鱼句）亚科花（鱼骨）型鱼类骨骼系统的比较

对我国花型Hemibarbuspattern鱼类作了骨骼系统比较,结果表明,此类型鱼类脑颅较长,副蝶骨平直或稍弯曲,眶蝶骨腹纵嵴发达(铜鱼Coreius septentrionalis例外),下颞窝和咽突中等大,基枕骨后突发达;脑颅中的上筛骨的后突、侧筛骨的外筛突,蝶耳骨的外突、上耳骨的后突、围眶骨和后颞窝等均有明显的差异;咽颅中的舌颌骨、尾舌骨、鳃盖骨和下咽齿的列数等又有显著的区别;附肢骨骼中的腰带骨、脊椎骨中的复合神经骨和第4椎骨腹侧的悬器等也有不同之处。据此,这些差异和区别可作为属间或种间的分类依据。