湖南省翼手目新记录———金黄鼠耳蝠

2016年8月27日,于湖南省衡东县四方山国有林场仙妃洞(113°3’23″E,26°58’25″N,海拔463 m)利用雾网采集到1号鼠耳蝠标本,经鉴定为金黄鼠耳蝠Myotis formosus,为湖南省翼手目Chiroptera新记录,标本保存于湖南师范大学脊椎动物标本馆(雄性,标本号:HUNNU16SF36)。本次发现补充和丰富了该物种在中国的分布范围(Jiang et al.,2010;郑锡奇等,2010;Csorba et al.,2014;Ruedi et al.,2015;党飞红等,2017)。     

湖南八面山发现灰冠鹟莺和黑喉山鹪莺

正2015年6月在湖南省桂东县八面山国家级自然保护区(25°54′02″~26°06′59″N,113°37′39″~113°50′08″E,900~2 048 m)发现两种雀形目鸟类,通过查阅文献(郑光美2011,邓学建等2012),确认为湖南首次发现。1灰冠鹟莺Seicercus tephrocephalus2015年6月16日傍晚,在湖南桂东八面山保护区金银铺保护站到主峰之间,海拔1 400 m处的矮林中发现1只小型的莺。该莺体长约11 cm,上体灰绿色而下体黄,黄色的眼圈显著,具黑色的头侧线,顶冠灰色。通过外     

北京小龙门发现淡尾鹟莺

我们在北京小龙门林场(40°00'N,115°26'E)发现淡尾鹟莺(Seicercus soror):2011年6月发现1只;2012年6月发现5只.该鸟在海拔约1 100 m的阔叶林中上部活动,生境中乔木多为核桃楸(Juglans mandshurica)和辽杨(Populus maxuimowiczii). 北京小龙门个体灰色,顶冠纹不超过眼先、金黄色的眼圈完整、无明显翼斑、外侧两对尾羽内羽片末端白色.这些特征可与金眶鹟莺种组(Seicercus complex)的其他物种相区分,确认其为淡尾鹟莺.对2只个体各10句鸣唱进行测量,语句长度分别为(1.086±0.060)s(平均值±标准差)和(1.179±0.056)s;最高频率分别为(7.532±0.742) kHz和(7.351±0.591)kHz;最低频率分别为(2.476±0.312) kHz和(2.442±0.297) kHz.     

河北平山发现锈胸蓝姬鹟

正2015年6月22日,在河北省平山县驼梁国家级自然保护区驼峰附近的华北落叶松林内(113°49′33″E,38°44′59″N,海拔2 056 m)观察到1雌1雄2只鹟科鸟类。雌鸟上体橄榄褐色,两翼各具1道棕白色的翼斑;喉部、胸部浅褐色,并略带皮黄;尾上覆羽沾棕色;眼周白色,嘴黑褐色。雄鸟上体暗蓝灰色,喉、上胸、两胁橙红色,腹部颜色逐渐变白,尾近黑色。发现时,雌鸟往返飞行于落叶松枝和地面进行觅食;雄鸟在落叶松上部的树枝上频繁地鸣唱。经查阅文献(约翰·马敬能等2000,曲利明2014,Clement et al.2016),确定该鸟种为锈胸蓝姬鹟(Ficedula hodgsonii)(图1)。     

福建省爬行类新记录——角原矛头蝮

正2020年9月19日17∶00左右(天气晴朗,气温28℃),于福建省福州市福清市一都镇(119°15'19″E,25°48'12″N)发现2号蛇类成体(1雌1雄)(图1)。经形态鉴定,确定为蝰科Viperidae原矛头属Protobothrops角原矛头蝮P. cornutus (Smith,1930)(Smith,1930; David et al.,2008),为福建省蛇类分布新记录种。     

湖北神农架发现白眉蓝姬鹟

正2019年6月8日,在湖北省神农架林区209国道天燕观景台(31°43′02″N,110°27′14″E,海拔1 790 m)观察到附近峡谷中有1只雄性白眉蓝姬鹟(Ficedula superciliaris)在锐齿槲栎(Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata)树枝上跳跃、停留,并拍摄到此鸟的清晰照片(图1)。白眉蓝姬鹟主要以昆虫为食,野外识别特征为雄鸟无白色眉纹或眉纹不明显,喉侧、颈侧为深蓝色,胸部两侧各有较大的深蓝色斑,于胸部几乎汇合形成一环带,上体深蓝色,下体白色;雌鸟眼圈白色,头顶和头侧呈沙褐色,上体橄榄灰色,下体灰白色。     

河南省发现刘氏链蛇

2017年6月23日,在河南内乡开展两栖爬行动物调查采集,于伏牛山南坡的宝天曼国家级自然保护区 (111°53′1.76″E,33°29′9.58″N, 630m a.s.l.) 采集到1号游蛇科(Colubridae)链蛇属Lycodon标本,经鉴定为刘氏链蛇L. liuchengchaoi, 采集环境见图1。该物种是河南省爬行纲新纪录种(Zhang et al., 2011; Uetz et al.,2018)。标本整体用75%乙醇溶液固定,保存于河南大学生命科学学院标本室。     

河南省鸟类新纪录——黑眉柳莺

正2016年4月2日10∶00左右,在河南省洛阳市吉利区开展鸟类资源调查期间,于河阳新村西花园(112°36'53.31″E,34°53'56.20″N,133 m)发现2只柳莺属Phylloscopus鸟类。其上体橄榄绿色,中央冠纹淡绿黄色自额基延伸至后颈,侧冠纹黑色,明显粗于紧邻其下的黄色眉纹,贯眼纹黑色,较眉纹为细。左右翅各有2道淡黄色翼斑,靠前者较靠后者细弱且明显暗淡     

西藏察隅县发现灰头麦鸡

<正>2016年6月19日,在西藏自治区察隅县竹瓦根镇(97°27'20.03″E,28°39'14.04″N,海拔2 302 m)观察到1只灰色涉禽,该鸟全身呈灰褐色,喙呈黄色,喙端有黑斑,头灰色,胸前有黑色条状斑,腹部白色,飞行时背部褐色,翅初级飞羽黑色、次级飞羽白色,尾白色。经鉴定,该鸟为灰头麦鸡Vanellus cinereus(MacK innon et al.,2000),通过查阅文献(中国科学院青藏高原综合科学考察队,1983;郑光美,2011;刘迺发等,2013;曲利明,2014),发现该鸟为西藏鸟类新纪录。     

Generation of marker-free transgenic rice using CRISPR/Cas9 system controlled by ?oral speci?c promoters

Recently, the CRISPR/Cas9 system has been used as a powerful tool for genome editing in many species (Jinek et al., 2012;Cong et al., 2013;Wright et al., 2016;Li et al., 2017;Deng et al., 2018). The CR1SPR/Cas9 system can not only be used as a useful technology to disrupt endogenous genes but also expand numerous other applications, such as precise base editing (Komor et al., 2016;Zong et al., 2017), regulation of gene expression (Gilbert et al., 2013), and gene replacement or insertion (Wang et al., 2017).     

黑龙江省鸟类新纪录——田鸫

2010年10月23日16:30,环志人员在地处黑龙江省大兴安岭地区伊勒呼里山南麓的南瓮河国家级自然保护区青林鸟类环志站(51°08’19.9″N,125°08’36.6″E)环志到一只鸫。该鸟头顶、颈、腰淡灰蓝色,额、头顶有少许黑色纵纹,背栗褐色,翅和尾黑褐色,眉纹白色,嘴橙黄色,尖端黑色,下体白色,喉、胸锈黄色具黑褐色纵纹,两胁鳞状斑,跗蹠褐色;体重93.2g,体长270     

黑龙江省鸟类新纪录——黄腹柳莺

2010年8月24日6∶40,在黑龙江省高峰鸟类保护环志站3号环志点(49°05′39″N,125°15′24″E,海拔298 m)捕到1只上体橄榄绿色、下体黄色、贯眼纹黑色、眉纹黄色、趾下鲜黄色的柳莺,经查阅相关文献,鉴定为黄腹柳莺Phylloscopus affinis。该鸟体     

In vivo tunable CRISPR mediates efficient somatic mutagenesis to generate tumor models

Dear Editor, CRISPR/Cas9 has revolutionized genome editing technology due to its simplicity and robustness (Mali et al., 2013). Several inducible CRISPR/Cas9 systems recently developed make spatiotemporal genome editing possible (Kon ermann et al., 2013;Balboa et al., 2015;Dow et al., 2015;Zetsche et al., 2015;Liu et al., 2016;Kleinjan et al., 2017;Maji et al.. 2017;Senturk et al., 2017;Lu et al., 2018).     

Lack of an Additive Effect between the Deletions of Klf5 and Nkx3-1 in Mouse Prostatic Tumorigenesis

Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies.The development and progression of prostate cancer are driven by a series of genetic and epigenetic events including gene amplification that activates oncogenes and chromosomal deletion that inactivates tumor suppressor genes.Whereas gene amplification occurs in human prostate cancer,gene deletion is more common,and a large number of chromosomal regions have been identified to have frequent deletion in prostate cancer,suggesting that tumor suppressor inactivation is more common than oncogene activation in prostatic carcinogenesis (Knuutila et al.,1998,1999;Dong,2001).Among the most frequently deleted chromosomal regions in prostate cancer,target genes such as NKX3-1 from 8p21,PTENfrom 10q23 andATBF1 from 16q22 have been identified by different approaches (He et al.,1997;Li et al.,1997;Sun et al.,2005),and deletion of these genes in mouse prostates has been demonstrated to induce and/or promote prostatic carcinogenesis.For example,knockout of Nkx3-1 in mice induces hyperplasia and dysplasia (Bhatia-Gaur et al.,1999;Abdulkadir et al.,2002) and promotes prostatic tumorigenesis (Abate-Shen et al.,2003),while knockout of Pten alone causes prostatic neoplasia (Wang et al.,2003).Therefore,gene deletion plays a causal role in prostatic carcinogenesis (Dong,2001).     

陕西长青发现棕腹杜鹃和八声杜鹃

正2014年7月16日和2015年6月9日,先后在陕西洋县长青国家级自然保护区内(33°38′42.25″N,107°29′54.42″E,海拔1 199~1 319 m)分别发现并拍摄到两种杜鹃科鸟类。参考相关文献(约翰·马敬能等2000,赵正阶2001,Erritz?e et al.2012),鉴定为棕腹杜鹃(Cuculus nisicolor)和八声杜鹃(Cacomantis merulinus)(图1)。两种杜鹃均为陕西省首次记录(郑光美2011)。棕腹杜鹃为亚成鸟,生境为靠近溪流的落叶阔叶林,林下为巴山木竹林(Arundinaria fargesii)。其头顶、颈     

Breeding cotton with superior fiber quality: identification and utilization of multiple elite loci and exotic genetic resources

正In the last decade, cotton genomics had great progress in genome assembling(Li et al., 2015; Huang et al., 2020) and agriculturally important locus identification(Du et al., 2018;Ma et al., 2018; Li et al., 2021).Upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum) is one of the most important cash crops cultivated worldwide. The fiber quality of cotton directly determines its economic value, and therefore enhancing fiber quality is always the primary task in cotton breeding practices(Xia et al., 2019; Huang et al.,2021).     

A modified high-efficiency thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR method for amplifying long unknown flanking sequences

<正>Rapid and efficient isolation of unknown flanking DNA sequences adjacent to known regions is important for molecular biology research.For this purpose,several PCR-based methods have been reported,including inverse PCR(Uchiyama and Watanabe,2006),ligation-mediated PCR(Yan et al.,2003;Ballester et al.,2005;Wang et al.,2007;Trinh et al.,2012)and randomly primed PCR(Liu and Whittier,1995;Liu et al.,1995;Antal et al."2004;Liu and Chen,2007;Reddy et al.,2008;Wang     

Crystal structure of the coxsackievirus A16 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase elongation complex reveals novel features in motif A dynamics

<正>Dear Editor,Coxsackievirus A16(CV A16)and enterovirus 71(EV71)are currently the two primary causative agents of handfoot-and-mouth disease(HFMD)(Solomon et al.,2010;Mao et al.,2014),threatening health of children worldwide.They both belong to the Enterovirus genus of the     

Epigenetic Variations in Plant Hybrids and Their Potential Roles in Heterosis

Heterosis,one of the most important biological phenomena,refers to the phenotypic superiority of a hybrid over its genetically diverse parents with respect to many traits such as biomass,growth rate and yield.Despite its successful application in breeding and agronomic production of many crop and animal varieties,the molecular basis of heterosis remains elusive.The classic genetic explanations for heterosis centered on three hypotheses:dominance (Davenport,1908;Bruce,1910;Keeble and Pellew,1910;Jones,1917),overdominance (East,1908;Shull,1908) and epistasis (Powers,1944;Yu et al.,1997).However,these hypotheses are largely conceptual and not connected to molecular principles,and are therefore insufficient to explain the molecular basis of heterosis (Birchler et al.,2003).Recently,many studies have explored the molecular mechanism of heterosis in plants at a genome-wide level.These studies suggest that global differential gene expression between hybrids and parental lines potentially contributes to heterosis in plants (e.g.,Swanson-Wagner et al.,2006;Zhang et al.,2008;Wei et al.,2009;Song et al.,2010).Research suggests that genetic components,including cis-acting elements and trans-acting factors,are critical regulators of differential gene expression in hybrids (Hochholdinger and Hoecker,2007;Springer and Stupar,2007;Zhang et al.,2008).However,other research indicates that epigenetic components,the regulators of chromatin states and genome activity,also have the potential to impact heterosis (e.g.,Ha et al.,2009;He et al.,2010;Groszmann et al.,2011;Barber et al.,2012;Chodavarapu et al.,2012;Greaves et al.,2012a;Shen et al.,2012).     

Advances in quantitative assessment of parkinsonian motor symptoms with wearable devices

正Parkinson’s disease (PD) is featured with motor disorder and nonmotor manifestations (Li et al., 2017; Zhang et al. 2016)under the pathological change of Substantia Nigra (Dong et al., 2017) and non substantia nigra including medial prefrontal cortex (Li et al., 2017). Its primary motor symptoms include tremor (oscillatory movement), bradykinesia (slowness of motion), rigidity (increment of muscle tone), and postural instability, which seriously affect patients’ quality of life (Du and Chen, 2017). With the progress of the disease,complications such as motor fluctuation and dyskinesia will gradually appear, so that long-term monitoring of motor