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1.
华北平原地区麦田土壤呼吸特征   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
2008年4-6月利用LI-8100及LI-6400-09测定了华北平原典型冬小麦田土壤CO_2通量,并分析了麦田土壤呼吸变化规律及其影响机制.结果表明:土壤呼吸日变化呈明显的单峰曲线,最高值出现在12:30-14:30,最低值出现在5:00-6:30;在不同的天气条件下,土壤呼吸速率晴天最高,多云其次,阴天最小;观测期间冠层内各高度CO_2浓度与麦田土壤呼吸速率白天呈显著线性负相关,夜间正相关;土壤呼吸速率与5 cm地温的季节变化趋势基本一致,二者显著指数相关;在田间持水量范围内,土壤呼吸速率与土壤湿度正相关,当土壤相对湿度低于30%时,土壤呼吸受到抑制而通量降低;综合考虑土壤温度与湿度的双因素指数回归模型能较好地解释土壤呼吸的变化情况,土壤温度低于15 ℃时效果更好.
Abstract:
By using LI-8100 and LI-6400-09, the soil CO_2 flux of a winter wheat field in North China Plain was determined from April to June 2008, with its change patterns and affecting fac-tors analyzed. The soil respiration had a single-peak diurnal variation, with the maximum at 12: 30-14:30 and the minimum at 5:00-6:30, and the respiration rate was higher in sunny days than in cloudy or overcast days. There was a significant negative correlation between the CO_2 con-centrations at all canopy heights and the soil respiration rate at daytime, but a significant positive correlation at night. The soil respiration rate presented a seasonal variation similar to the soil tem-perature at 5 cm depth, and had a significant exponential relationship with the soil temperature. Significant correlation was also found between the soil respiration rate and soil humidity when the soil moisture content was within the range of field capacity. Soil humidity less than 30% would limit the soil respiration, inducing a decrease of soil CO_2 flux. A multiple exponential regression model of soil temperature and moisture could better explain the variation of soil respiration, espe-cially when the soil temperature was below 15 ℃.  相似文献   

2.
The spatial and temporal variations in soil respiration and its relationship with biophysical factors In forests near the Tropic of Cancer remain highly uncertain. To contribute towards an Improvement of actual estimates, soil respiration rates, soil temperature, and soil moisture were measured In three successional subtropical forests at the Dlnghuahan Nature Reserve (DNR) In southern China from March 2003 to February 2005. The overall objective of the present study was to analyze the temporal variations of soil respiration and Its biophysical dependence in these forests. The relationships between biophysical factors and soil respiration rates were compared In successional forests to test the hypothesis that these forests responded similarly to biophysical factors. The seasonality of soil respiration coincided with the seasonal climate pattern, with high respiration rates in the hot humid season (April-September) and with low rates In the cool dry season (October-March). Soil respiration measured at these forests showed a clear Increasing trend with the progressive succession. Annual mean (± SD) soil respiration rate In the DNR forests was (9.0 ± 4.6) Mg CO2-C/hm^2 per year, ranging from (6.1 ± 3.2) Mg CO2-C/hm^2 per year in early successional forests to (10.7 ± 4.9) Mg CO2-C/hm^2 per year in advanced successional forests. Soil respiration was correlated with both soil temperature and moisture. The T/M model, where the two biophysical variables are driving factors, accounted for 74%-82% of soil respiration variation In DNR forests. Temperature sensitivity decreased along progressive succession stages, suggesting that advanced-successional forests have a good ability to adjust to temperature. In contrast, moisture Increased with progressive succession processes. This increase is caused, in part, by abundant respirators In advanced-successional forest, where more soil moisture is needed to maintain their activities.  相似文献   

3.
The loss of carbon through root respiration Is an Important component of grassland carbon budgets. However, few data are available concerning the contribution of root respiration to total soil respiration in grasslands in China. We Investigated seasonal variations of soil respiration rate, root blomaaa, microbial blomaaa C and organic C content of the soil In a semi-arid Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. grassland of northeast China during the 2002 growing season (from May to September). The linear regression relationship between soil respiration rate and root blomaaa was used to determine the contribution of root respiration to total soil respiration. Soil respiration rate ranged from 2.5 to 11.9 g C/m^2 per d with the maximum in late June and minimum In September. The microbial blomaaa C and organic C content of the soil ranged from 0.3 to 1.5 g C/m^2 and from 29 to 34 g C/kg respectively. Root blomaaa had two peaks, In early June (1.80 kg/m^2) and mid-August (1.73 kg/m^2). Root respiration rate peaked In mid-August (6.26 g C/m^2 per d), whereas microbial respiration rate peaked In late June (7.43 g C/m^2 per d). We estimated that the contribution of root respiration to total soil respiration during the growing season ranged from 38% to 76%.  相似文献   

4.
Soil carbon sequestration was estimated in a conifer forest and an alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau using a carbon- 14 radioactive label provided by thermonuclear weapon tests (known as bomb-^14C). Soil organic matter was physically separated into light and heavy fractions. The concentration spike of bomb-^14C occurred at a soil depth of 4 cm in both the forest soil and the alpine meadow soil. Based on the depth of the bomb-^14C spike, the carbon sequestration rate was determined to be 38.5 g C/m^2 per year for the forest soil and 27.1 g C/m^2 per year for the alpine meadow soil. Considering that more than 60% of soil organic carbon (SOC) is stored in the heavy fraction and the large area of alpine forests and meadows on the Tibetan Plateau, these alpine ecosystems might partially contribute to "the missing carbon sink".  相似文献   

5.
城市绿地土壤呼吸速率的变化特征及其影响因子   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
吴亚华  肖荣波  王刚  黄柳菁  邓一荣  陈敏 《生态学报》2016,36(22):7462-7471
城市绿地土壤呼吸作用深刻影响着城市生态系统碳循环过程,强化城市绿地土壤呼吸速率(Rs)的变化特征及其影响因素的研究,可揭示绿地在城市生态系统碳循环过程中的作用,为优化布局城市绿地和实现低碳排放目标提供科学依据。以广州市海珠湖公园的疏林、灌丛和草地3种典型植被类型的土壤为研究对象,于2013年11月-2014年10月采用静态箱—气相色谱法对公园绿地Rs进行跟踪观测。结果表明:海珠湖公园城市绿地在干湿季节中Rs差异显著;干季Rs较低且波动幅度较小疏林、灌丛和草地的凡变化范围分别为(1.66±0.18)-(3.26±0.20)μmol m~(-2)s~(-1)、(1.27±0.15)-(3.67±0.16)μmol m~(-2)s~(-1)和(1.94±0.08)-(6.82±1.13)μmol m~(-2)s~(-1);湿季Rs较高且波动幅度较大,疏林、灌丛和草地的Rs变化范围分别为(3.53±0.46)-(13.81±1.31)μmol m~(-2)s~(-1)、(2.82±0.22)-(12.72±1.16)μmol m~(-2)s~(-1)和(2.80±0.30)-(9.83±0.96)μmol m~(-2)s~(-1)。T_(10)和VWC_(10)均对土壤呼吸过程有重要的影响,进一步通过回归分析得出,土壤10cm处温度(T_(10))和体积含水量(VWC_(10))分别解释Rs时间变异的40%左右和10-24%左右。T_(10)和VWC_(10)相互影响、共同作用于土壤呼吸过程,双因素复合模型的解释能力较单因素模型明显提高,均在50%以上,复合模型为Rs=α·exp(β·T_(10)+γ·VWC_(10))。干湿季土壤呼吸的温度敏感性(Q_(10))有明显差异,湿季的Q_(10)比干季的分别高0.44、0.70和0.46。  相似文献   

6.
The change in stored carbon (C) stocks was assessed for a 700 km~2 area where forestcover decreased from 60% to 10% in the last 30 years. At the same time, the area under coffee increased from 7% to 70% with a gradual evolution from open "sun coffee" systems to multi-strata "shade coffee" systems that provide a partial compensation for C loss. The use of a generic tropi-cal forest rather than tree-specific allometric equation can lead to substantial (up to 100%) overes-timates of aboveground biomass depending on wood density and tree shape. The shoot: root ratio (biomass) of coffee shifted with age, from the 4∶1 value often assumed for tropical trees to 2∶1.Annual aboveground C stock accumulation rates during the establishment stage after slash-and-burn land clearing were 1, close to 2 or 3.5 Mg C ha~(-1)a~(-1) for sun coffee, shade coffee and fallowregrowth, respectively. Forest remnants, shade coffee and sun coffee had soil C stocks in the up-per 30 cm of the soil that were 79%, 60% or 45%, respectively, of the values expected for primary forest in Sumatra. Total C stock (time averaged, above-0.3 m in the soil) for forest, shade and sun coffee was 262, 82 and 52 Mg C ha~(-1), respectively. In the 1970-1984 period, while forest cover was reduced from 59.5% to 19.7%, the landscape lost on average 6.8 Mg C ha~(-1) a~(-1). In the1984-2000 period forest cover was further reduced to 12.6%, but the landscape lost only 0.39 MgC ha~(-1) a~(-1), as forest loss was partially compensated by an increase in shade coffee systems. Conversion of all current sun coffee to shade coffee systems while protecting the remaining forest,could increase average landscape level C stocks by 10 Mg ha~(-1) over a time frame of say 20 years,or 0.5 Mg C ha~(-1) a~(-1).  相似文献   

7.
Our knowledge about soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics is limited although this is an important issue in the study of responses of ecosystems to global climate changes. Twelve sampling plots were set up every 200 m from 1 700 to 3 900 m along the vertical vegetation gradient along the east slope of Gongga Mountain. Samples were taken from all 12 plots for SOM content measurement, although only 5 of the 12 plots were subjected to radiocarbon measurements. A radiocarbon isotope method and a time-dependent model were used to quantify the SOM dynamics and SOM turnover rates along the vertical vegetation gradient. The results showed that the SOM turnover rate decreased and turnover time increased with soil depth for all vegetation types. The litter layer turnover rates presented a clear trend along the gradient. The litter layer turnover rates decreased with an increase in elevation, except that the litter layer turnover rate of mixed forest was higher than that of evergreen forest. Climatic factors, such as temperature and precipitation, were the main factors influencing the surface soil carbon dynamics. The turnover rates of the subsoil (including the A, B, and C horizons in the soil profiles) along the vertical gradient had no clear trends. The SOM of subalpine shrub and meadow turned over more slowly than that of the forest types in almost all soil horizons. The characteristic of short roots distributing in the upper part of the soil profile leads to different SOM dynamics of shrub and meadow compared with the forest types. Coniferous and mixed forests were susceptible to carbon loss from the young carbon pool, but their long and big roots resulted in high △^14C values of the deep soil profiles and increased the input of young carbon to the deep soil. In evergreen forest, the carbon cumulative ability from the B horizon to the C horizon was weak. The different vegetation types, together with their different modes of nutrient and carbon intake, may be the mechanism conditioning the subsoil organic matter dynamics.  相似文献   

8.
Soil respiration is an important component of terrestrial carbon budget. Its accurate evaluation is es- sential to the study of terrestrial carbon source/sink. Studies on soil respiration at present mostly focus on the temporal variations and the controlling factors of soil respiration, but its spatial variations and controlling factors draw less attention. Moreover, the evaluation models for soil respiration at present include only the effects of water and heat factors, while the biological and soil factors controlling soil respiration and their interactions with water and heat factors have not been considered yet. These models are not able to accurately evaluate soil respiration in different vegetation/terrestrial ecosystems at different temporal and spatial scales. Thus, a general evaluation model for soil respiration (GEMSR) including the interacting meteorological (water and heat factors), soil nutrient and biological factors is suggested in this paper, and the basic procedure developing GEMSR and the research tasks of soil respiration in the future are also discussed.  相似文献   

9.
Seasonal freeze–thaw cycle is a common phenomenon in the subalpine/alpine forest region, and may have a significant influence on the structure and function of soil animal community. To understand the characteristics and dynamics of soil animal community as well as its response to repeated freeze–thaw events in this region during onset of freezing, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the composition, abundance, and diversity of soil fauna in primary fir (Abies faxoniana) forest, fir and birch (Betula albosinensis) mixed forest and secondary fir (A. faxoniana) forest, which were three representative forests in the subalpine and alpine forest region in western Sichuan. Soil samples were collected from November 3 to November 27, 2008, which was defined as onset of freezing based on the simultaneous monitoring of soil temperature. Soil macrofauna were picked up by hand in the fields. Mesofauna were separated and collected from the soil samples by Baermann and Tullgren methods, respectively. By preliminary identification, 40,942 individuals were collected, which belonged to 7 phyla, 15 classes and 25 orders in the three sampling forests. 16,557, 14,669 and 9716 individuals were found in primary forest, mixed forest and secondary forest, respectively. In comparison with the mineral soil layer, the soil organic layer had higher density and groups of soil fauna. Furthermore, following the repeated freeze–thaw events, density and groups of soil fauna experienced a distinct decrease in both soil organic layer and mineral soil layer, and this trend in soil organic layer was more significant in the primary forest, owing to higher intense and more frequent freeze–thaw cycles in soil organic layer of the primary forest. The results revealed that soil animals were sensitive bio-indicators to environmental changes, such as repeated freeze–thaw events and dry–wet cycle. Meanwhile, the results also implied that the dynamics of the structure and function of soil animal community during the onset of freezing was of ecological significance to understand the wintertime ecological process in soils.  相似文献   

10.
Tan B  Wu F Z  Yang W Q  Liu L  Yu S 《农业工程》2010,30(2):93-99
Seasonal freeze–thaw cycle is a common phenomenon in the subalpine/alpine forest region, and may have a significant influence on the structure and function of soil animal community. To understand the characteristics and dynamics of soil animal community as well as its response to repeated freeze–thaw events in this region during onset of freezing, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the composition, abundance, and diversity of soil fauna in primary fir (Abies faxoniana) forest, fir and birch (Betula albosinensis) mixed forest and secondary fir (A. faxoniana) forest, which were three representative forests in the subalpine and alpine forest region in western Sichuan. Soil samples were collected from November 3 to November 27, 2008, which was defined as onset of freezing based on the simultaneous monitoring of soil temperature. Soil macrofauna were picked up by hand in the fields. Mesofauna were separated and collected from the soil samples by Baermann and Tullgren methods, respectively. By preliminary identification, 40,942 individuals were collected, which belonged to 7 phyla, 15 classes and 25 orders in the three sampling forests. 16,557, 14,669 and 9716 individuals were found in primary forest, mixed forest and secondary forest, respectively. In comparison with the mineral soil layer, the soil organic layer had higher density and groups of soil fauna. Furthermore, following the repeated freeze–thaw events, density and groups of soil fauna experienced a distinct decrease in both soil organic layer and mineral soil layer, and this trend in soil organic layer was more significant in the primary forest, owing to higher intense and more frequent freeze–thaw cycles in soil organic layer of the primary forest. The results revealed that soil animals were sensitive bio-indicators to environmental changes, such as repeated freeze–thaw events and dry–wet cycle. Meanwhile, the results also implied that the dynamics of the structure and function of soil animal community during the onset of freezing was of ecological significance to understand the wintertime ecological process in soils.  相似文献   

11.
土壤温度和水分对油松林土壤呼吸的影响   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
用LI-COR 6400-09土壤呼吸测定系统,在太原天龙山自然保护区对油松林的土壤呼吸进行了4a测定.结果表明,土壤呼吸具有明显的季节变化特点,最大值出现在8月份,在6~10 μmol m~(-2) s~(-1) 之间,最小值出现在12月份和3月份,在0.5 μmol m~(-2) s~(-1)左右.2005、2006、2007和2008年土壤呼吸CO_2的年平均值分别为(4.71±3.74)、(3.08±2.91)、(2.96±2.58) μmol m~(-2) s~(-1)和(2.12±1.54) μmol m~(-2) s~(-1);4a的CO_2总平均值为(3.27±2.95) μmol m~(-2) s~(-1).4个测定年土壤呼吸的平均值总体差异显著.4个测定年土壤CO_2释放C量分别为1103.5、882.8、918.4 g m~(-2)和666.3 g m~(-2),总C平均值为892.8 g m~(-2),具有明显的年际差异.指数方程可以很好的表达土壤呼吸与10 cm深度土壤温度的关系,R~2值4a分别为0.39,0.60,0.68和0.71,Q_(10)值分别为3.10,4.41、4.05和5.18,用4a全部数据计算的Q_(10)值为4.31.土壤水分对土壤呼吸的作用较弱,R~2值4a分别仅为0.31、0.25、0.13和0.02,但是夏季土壤干旱对土壤呼吸的抑制作用非常明显,可使土壤呼吸下降50%以上.夏季土壤干旱是导致土壤呼吸年际变化的主要原因.4个包括土壤温度和水分的双变量模型均可以很好地模拟土壤呼吸的季节变化, 拟合方程的R~2值从0.58到0.79.  相似文献   

12.
湖南会同林区毛竹林地的土壤呼吸   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
采用CID-301PS光合分析仪(配带土壤呼吸室),对湖南会同林区毛竹林地土壤呼吸进行测定,结果表明,毛竹林地土壤总呼吸速率、异养呼吸速率、自养呼吸速率及凋落物呼吸速率的年平均值分别为2.13、1.44、0.69μmolCO2·m-2·s-1和0.31μmolCO2·m-2·s-1,并呈现明显的季节变化规律和日变化规律,季节变化曲线呈单峰型,表现为1~7月份随着气温、地温的升高呈上升的趋势,在8月达年呼吸速率的最大值,分别达4.95、3.01、1.94μmolCO2·m-2·s-1和0.80 μmolCO2·m-2·s-1,此后随温度的降低而呈逐渐递减的趋势,直到翌年的1月份或2月份,分别为0.76、0.70、 0.06μmolCO2·m-2·s-1 和 0.05μmolCO2·m-2·s-1.日变化曲线图表现为单峰形态,一般也是随着温度的升高而加大,随着温度的降低而减小.6:00~14:00,随着土壤温度的升高而增加,一般在16:00~18:00出现最高峰,此后,一直递减,直到次日4:00~8:00.由此计算出毛竹林地土壤年释放CO2量为33.94 t·hm-2·a-1,其中,林地异养呼吸、自养呼吸和凋落物呼吸分别占总呼吸的59.5%、28.3%和12.2%.  相似文献   

13.
研究片段化森林中土壤呼吸速率的格局对进一步揭示陆地生态系统碳循环具有重要意义。本研究以千岛湖人工陆桥岛屿系统不同生境(岛屿与大陆,岛屿边缘与岛屿内部)为对象,分析了土壤呼吸速率的季节动态变化规律及其与土壤理化因子的关系。结果表明: 1)土壤呼吸速率在不同季节差异显著。夏季(3.74 μmol·m-2·s-1)>秋季(2.30 μmol·m-2·s-1)>春季(1.82 μmol·m-2·s-1)>冬季(1.40 μmol·m-2·s-1)。2)森林片段化对土壤呼吸速率产生显著影响,岛屿土壤呼吸速率(2.37 μmol·m-2·s-1)显著高于大陆(2.08 μmol·m-2·s-1);岛屿边缘土壤呼吸速率(2.46 μmol·m-2·s-1)显著高于岛屿内部(2.03 μmol·m-2·s-1)。3)土壤温度显著促进了土壤呼吸速率,并作为主要因子解释了56.1%的变化。4)土壤呼吸速率与土壤全碳、铵态氮含量和地表植被覆盖率呈显著正相关。土壤全碳和铵态氮含量在岛屿边缘显著高于岛屿内部。综上,森林片段化促进了土壤呼吸速率,而土壤理化因子的变化是其主要原因。  相似文献   

14.
土壤呼吸是陆地生态系统碳循环的重要组成部分。随着全球气候变暖趋势逐渐明显,土壤呼吸的时空变异及其对温度变化的响应已成为生态学研究的重要内容之一。利用LI-8100自动土壤CO2通量测量系统,连续两年生长季测定了准噶尔盆地新垦绿洲杨树(Populus sp.)、榆树(Ulmus pumila)人工防护林地土壤呼吸的时间动态,并分析了土壤水热因子及光合作用对土壤呼吸的影响。研究结果表明:两种林分土壤呼吸日变化波动呈现一定的不规则性;季节变化表现为明显的单峰格局。杨树林地土壤呼吸速率显著高于榆树林地,生长季平均土壤呼吸速率分别为3.71和1.82μmol CO2·m–2·s–1。两种林分土壤呼吸的季节变化与气温、不同深度层次土壤温度间均呈显著的指数相关,而与土壤含水量之间相关不显著。50和35cm土壤温度可以分别解释两种林分土壤呼吸时间变化的78.5%和64.4%,与土壤温度和含水量的共同解释率接近。林分间土壤呼吸速率差异受到林木生长状况、光合作用及土壤盐分等的影响。研究结果初步阐明了准噶尔盆地干旱区典型绿洲防护林植被土壤呼吸的季节动态特征及主要影响因子,为进一步揭示该区域林地土壤碳循环特点提供了一定的理论基础。  相似文献   

15.
不同土地利用对土壤有机碳储量及土壤呼吸的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
赵竑绯  赵阳  徐小牛 《生态学杂志》2012,31(7):1738-1744
为了探讨土地利用方式对土壤碳储及土壤呼吸的影响,对安徽沿淮洼地杞柳纯林、杞柳-杨树混交林及杨树纯林3种不同土地利用方式下土壤有机碳储量及土壤呼吸特点进行了比较。结果表明:杞柳纯林、杞柳-杨树混交林、杨树纯林0~30cm土壤有机碳含量分别为6.80、8.50和7.71g·kg-1,土壤有机碳密度分别为2.88、3.26和2.95kg·m-2,土壤有机碳含量和土壤碳密度随土层深度的增加而降低。不同土地利用类型土壤呼吸年平均值分别为1.68μmol·m-2·s-1(杞柳纯林)、2.33μmol·m-2·s-1(杞柳-杨树混交林)、1.61μmol·m-2·s-1(杨树纯林),土壤呼吸日均值最高出现在夏季(6.64μmol·m-2·s-1),最低为冬季(0.13μmol·m-2·s-1)。相关分析表明,土壤呼吸速率与地表气温之间呈显著的指数关系,杞柳纯林、杞柳-杨树混交林、杨树纯林的相关系数R2分别为0.71、0.62、0.54。杞柳-杨树混交林较杞柳纯林有利于土壤有机碳的固定,杞柳纯林土壤有机碳储量偏低,与其粗放经营有关。在今后的栽植管理中,应采取合理的耕作施肥措施,在提高土壤肥力的同时增强土壤的碳固定。  相似文献   

16.
糯米条具有较强的观赏性,并逐渐应用于园林绿化中.本文主要对糯米条形态特征进行概述,同时对其生理生态指标进行了测定和总结.研究结果表明,糯米条叶片从枝先端开始的第5片就已完全成熟,其叶绿素含量稳定;利用Licor6400便携式光合仪测定糯米条的光补偿点为12 μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1),光饱和点为356 μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1),最大的光合速率为4.856μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1),呼吸速率为0.401μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1),这些数据表明糯米条为阳性植物;测定糯米条的CO_2补偿点为92.8μmol/mol,CO_2饱和点为822.4μmol/mol.叶绿素荧光参数变化数据表明,糯米条能适应37℃的强光、高温环境.根据实验结果,我们建议糯米条在园林中的主要应用形式为地被、绿篱、攀扎整形和球形观赏.  相似文献   

17.
利用LI-8100土壤呼吸测定系统,在室内控制温度条件下测定了长白山高山苔原季节性雪斑大白花地榆(Sanguisorba sitchensis(=S.stipulata))群落土壤呼吸对温度的响应过程,并根据野外连续测定的全年温度,估算了雪斑群落土壤呼吸的季节变化,同时模拟气温升高对土壤呼吸的影响。雪斑土壤温度全年大部分时间维持在0℃以上,极端温度变动幅度不超过20℃。模拟计算了10cm深土壤的呼吸强度,海拔2036m处为307.1gC·m–2·a–1,海拔2260m处的呼吸量为270.9gC·m–2·a–1。由于积雪时间长,冬季呼吸占很大比例,而且随着海拔的升高比例加大。从海拔2036m到2260m,积雪期土壤呼吸分别占全年的42.5%(125.4gC·m–2·a–1)和49.7%(128.7gC·m–2·a–1)。模拟气温升高1℃并假设积雪时间减少20天,冬天的呼吸量减少8%左右,但全年总呼吸量增加8%左右。升温后,平均增加的呼吸量为0.25gC·kg–1·a–1(或22.65gC·m–2·a–1),冬季呼吸量减少0.118gC·kg–1·season–1(或10.81gC·m–2·season–1)。  相似文献   

18.
首冠藤的生态生物学特征   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
通过样地调查,对首冠藤(Bauhinia corymbosa)的生态生物学特征进行研究.结果表明,首冠藤是阳生性藤本植物,主要分布于热带亚热带地区光照较好的山坡、疏林边缘或村旁;耐贫瘠,适宜生长的土壤为红壤和赤红壤.其平均光合速率为3.306 μmolm~(-2)s~(-1),气孔导度为0.25 molm~(-1)s~(-1),蒸腾速率为4.10 mmolm~(-2)s~(-1).首冠藤对营养元素的利用率较高,植株体内N、P、K、Ca、Na、Mg加权平均养分含量分别为1.11%、0.09%、0.56%、0.86%、0.21%、0.06%,其中叶片N含量最高,枝Na含量最高,根部P和Mg含量最高.首冠藤的生态生物学特征有利于其快速生长、攀附和适应环境.  相似文献   

19.
万木林保护区毛竹林土壤呼吸特征及影响因素   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
Wang C  Yang ZJ  Chen GS  Fan YX  Liu Q  Tian H 《应用生态学报》2011,22(5):1212-1218
2009年1-12月,利用Li-Cor 8100开路式土壤碳通量系统测定福建省万木林自然保护区毛竹林土壤呼吸速率,分析毛竹林土壤呼吸动态变化及其与凋落物量的关系.结果表明:毛竹林土壤呼吸月变化呈明显的双峰型曲线,峰值分别出现在6月(6.83 μmol·m-2·s-1)和9月(5.59μmol·m-2·s-1).土壤呼吸速率的季节变化较明显,最大值出现在夏季,最小值出现在冬季;土壤呼吸速率与土壤5 cm温度呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05),与土壤含水量无显著相关性(P>0.05);毛竹林凋落物量月变化呈单峰型曲线.毛竹林土壤呼吸速率与当月凋落物归还量呈显著正相关(P<0.05).土壤温度和凋落物量的双因素模型可以解释土壤呼吸速率变化的93.2%.  相似文献   

20.
降雨作为一个重要的环境因子,对土壤呼吸具有重要的影响。研究土壤呼吸与降雨的关系,对准确估算大气中的CO2含量具有重要意义。本研究通过人工模拟降雨事件,应用野外原位测定方法,测量了热带次生林和橡胶林土壤呼吸速率、地下5cm土壤温度和土壤含水量的变化,以探究热带两种主要植被类型的土壤呼吸、土壤温度、土壤含水量对旱季单次降雨事件的响应过程与规律。研究发现,在旱季连续一周没有降雨的情况下,人工模拟降雨事件使土壤呼吸在降雨后的2h内被迅速激发,次生林的土壤呼吸最大达到11.15 μmolCO2·m-2·s-1,是对照的近7倍;橡胶林的土壤呼吸最大达到了15.88 μmolCO2·m-2·s-1,是对照的近11倍。随后激发效应迅速降低,尤其是橡胶林,在人工模拟降雨6h后处理与对照间无显著差异。人工模拟降雨前两种林型的土壤含水量与对照相比均无显著性差异,人工模拟降雨后的2d内土壤含水量均显著高于对照;人工模拟降雨前后土壤温度与对照相比均无显著性差异。本研究结果支持了"Birch effect",2种主要热带林型在旱季时期,由于单次降雨事件激发而释放到大气中的CO2是降雨前的数倍。  相似文献   

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