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1.
安美忱  刘宁 《微生物学通报》2009,36(10):1526-1531
牛乳铁蛋白素(Bovine Lactoferrcin, LfcinB)是乳铁蛋白在酸性环境下经胃蛋白酶作用N端释放的一段多肽, 它具有多种生物学功能。研究LfcinB广谱抗菌性及改变LfcinB氨基酸序列对其抗菌能力的影响, 寻找LfcinB抗菌作用的结构位点。人工合成LfcinB, 采用琼脂扩散法测定LfcinB抗菌图谱。人工合成丙氨酸取代3位半胱氨酸的LfcinB、丙氨酸取代8位色氨酸的LfcinB和去掉2个半胱氨酸的LfcinB样品, 测定最小抑菌浓度, 确定LfcinB抗菌活性位点。研究结果表明:  相似文献   

2.
牛乳铁蛋白肽(lactoferricin bovine,Lfcin B)是由乳铁蛋白(lactoferrin)经酸性胃蛋白酶降解N端而产生的含25个氨基酸残基的小肽,它具有抗菌、抗癌、抗氧化、免疫调节等一系列生物活性,成为目前研究与开发的热点。由于受到生产成本的限制,无法进行大规模商业化生产,基因工程技术将是实现大规模生产的最佳途径。对牛乳铁蛋白肽的抑菌功能以及基因工程制备的优势和改良方法进行了综述,旨在为基因工程生产牛乳铁蛋白肽提供新思路。  相似文献   

3.
牛乳铁蛋白肽是由牛乳铁蛋白经消化酶水解产生的一类具有广谱抑菌活性的短肽;乳酸乳球菌作为食品级微生物,既有天然的益生作用,又是理想的表达牛乳铁蛋白肽的载体。【目的】探究重组乳酸乳球菌pAMJ399-LFcinBA/MG1363表达牛乳铁蛋白肽的抑菌活性。【方法】利用牛乳铁蛋白肽标准品绘制定量标准曲线来确定重组牛乳铁蛋白肽的含量,利用牛津杯法及微量肉汤稀释法测定重组牛乳铁蛋白肽对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等35株细菌的抑菌活性及最小抑菌浓度,利用扫描电镜、透射电镜、荧光显微镜、凝胶阻滞试验、黏附试验来探究重组牛乳铁蛋白肽对菌体结构、细菌DNA及黏附力的影响,利用CCK-8检测其对RAW 264.7细胞的毒性作用,并对小鼠红细胞溶血率进行测定。【结果】重组乳酸乳球菌上清中牛乳铁蛋白肽的浓度为24.39μg/mL,重组牛乳铁蛋白肽对测试的25株致病菌均有不同程度的抑制作用,抑菌浓度范围在16–128μg/mL,但对9株乳酸菌以及粪肠球菌没有明显的抑制作用,对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、多杀性巴氏杆菌、鸡白痢沙门菌的菌体完整性具有不同程度的破坏作用,其主要作用靶点为细菌的细胞膜,可以与细菌DNA结合并抑制细菌对Caco-2、IPEC细胞的黏附作用,重组牛乳铁蛋白肽对小鼠红细胞及RAW 264.7细胞没有明显的细胞毒性。【结论】乳酸乳球菌表达重组牛乳铁蛋白肽的抑菌活性与牛乳铁蛋白肽标准品相一致,通过直接作用于细菌细胞膜、胞内核酸或抑制细菌对正常细胞的黏附作用等多方面实现抑制或杀死细菌,发挥广谱的抗菌活性,且对真核细胞没有明显的细胞毒性作用。  相似文献   

4.
乳铁蛋白肽基因的合成及其在动物乳腺中的表达   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
根据已发表的编码牛乳铁蛋白肽(LfcinB)25个氨基酸的mRNA序列,设计了4条用于合成牛乳铁蛋白肽全基因的引物,用重叠延伸PCR法合成149 bp的牛乳铁蛋白肽基因(包括牛乳铁蛋白信号肽序列、上下游酶切位点和终止密码子),并将此基因克隆到载体pI-B,获得了乳腺特异性表达质粒pI-BL,该质粒经生理盐水稀释后直接注入稳定泌乳期奶山羊和奶牛乳腺组织(注射量为400μg),以琼脂板溶圈法检测奶样抑菌活性。结果显示,注射后3~48 h,奶样有明显抑菌活性,其中3~9 h抑菌活性最高。  相似文献   

5.
通过易错PCR方法建立了一个鼠肺不同长度的nGLP-1R(从第21个氨基酸开始到第145个氨基酸)的噬菌体随机突变展示肽库,通过噬菌体表面展示技术检测胰高血糖素样肽1受体N端片段(nGLP-1R)在缺失一段或两段基因后是否还具有结合Exendin-4的活性.经ELISA分析发现了一株无结合活性的突变株,命名为EP16.经测序比对,发现EP16缺失了前20个和后10个氨基酸,且第52位色氨酸突变为精氨酸.为确定EP16与Exendin-4无结合活性的原因,重新构建了无前20个和后10个氨基酸的EP16野生型及第52位色氨酸变为精氨酸的全长nGLP-1Rw52R与EP16进行对比分析.结果表明,EP16的活性丧失是由保守的第52位色氨酸突变为精氨酸引起的,缺失的前20个和后10个氨基酸没有影响其生物学活性.关键位点单个氨基酸残基的突变可以改变胰高血糖素样肽1受体N端片段整个蛋白质的生物学活性.  相似文献   

6.
【目的】菌株耐药性问题日益突出,研制新型安全高效的抗菌药物成为目前的研究热点之一。抗菌肽具有多种优良特性,高活性抗菌肽的开发及其重组表达对解决菌株耐药性问题具有重要意义。【方法】根据牛乳铁蛋白素与天蚕素的结构,设计一种新型的杂合抗菌肽牛乳铁蛋白素-天蚕素(LfcinB-Cecropin),根据Escherichia coli密码子偏爱性合成其编码基因,利用同尾酶法构建含有不同LfcinB-Cecropin基因片段拷贝数的重组表达载体,转化到E.coli BL21(DE3)进行重组表达。【结果】经IPTG诱导,LfcinB-Cecropin融合蛋白成功获得表达。经超声破碎、包涵体纯化、甲酸裂解后,获得具有明显抑菌活性的杂合肽LfcinB-Cecropin。【结论】获得一种高活性的新型抗菌肽LfcinB-Cecropin,并实现了在E.coli中的高效重组表达。  相似文献   

7.
目的:探讨牛乳铁蛋白肽在转基因鼠乳汁中的表达及其抑菌活性。方法:将实验室构建并保存的包含山羊β-酪蛋白基因启动子和牛乳铁蛋白肽基因的乳腺特异表达载体PI-bcp-LfcinB,用Xho I和Nru I双酶切,得到含有全部表达盒的显微注射DNA片段,采用常规显微注射技术获得转基因小鼠。并通过对泌乳期转基因雌鼠乳腺组织的RT-PCR检测,确定了牛乳铁蛋白肽在mRNA水平的表达,同时利用琼脂板扩散法检测了转基因鼠乳汁中表达产物的抑菌活性。结果:获得了牛乳铁蛋白肽转基因小鼠,且转基因小鼠乳汁中能够表达具有抑菌活性的牛乳铁蛋白肽。结论:通过转基因动物乳腺可以获得具有生物活性的牛乳铁蛋白肽,为进一步研究抗菌肽转基因牛、培育抗乳房炎奶牛新品种以及通过建立转基因动物生物反应器进行抗菌肽的大量生产奠定了基础。  相似文献   

8.
纤维素酶活性架构是酶分子中多个氨基酸残基构成的可结合并催化底物的功能区,其中色氨酸等芳香族残基在该区域中起着重要作用.本研究利用荧光光谱法,定量分析了纤维素酶Ch Cel5A活性架构中色氨酸与底物的结合动力学过程,通过色氨酸荧光猝灭的定量分析,确定了色氨酸特异性结合时的底物浓度范围,并且测定了Ch Cel5A活性架构中单个氨基酸突变导致的底物结合常数的变化,与催化动力学参数比较发现,荧光光谱法可准确表征纤维素酶与底物的结合力及其单个残基突变引起动力学参数的变化.此外,由于p NP中含有强的吸电子基团,因而以p NPC等为配体时会高估与色氨酸的结合常数约20~100倍.荧光光谱法可以测定纤维素酶结合糖分子底物的动力学参数,该方法具有灵敏和快速的特点,这为蛋白质与底物之间相互作用的定量分析提供了新的视角.  相似文献   

9.
本文通过对黄花石蒜凝集素(Lycoris aurea Agglutinin,LAA)进行特殊氨基酸的化学修饰,显示一个LAA分子一共有8个色氨酸分子,其中有3个位于分子表面或近表面,Trp、Tyr和Ser/Thr不是LAA凝集活性所必需的氨基酸,而Asp/Glu的羧基和凝血活性密切相关,对其修饰后导致凝血活性丧失50%.通过荧光淬灭的方法对LAA分子中色氨酸所处微环境进行了研究.结果显示中性淬灭剂丙烯酰胺对LAA分子中色氨酸的淬灭作用最强可以淬灭100%的色氨酸荧光,其次是离子型淬灭剂碘化钾,能淬灭62.9%的色氨酸荧光,而氯化铯对LAA色氨酸的淬灭最弱,几乎不能淬灭LAA的荧光.  相似文献   

10.
基于序列分析的天蚕素A串连融合表达载体的构建   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
天蚕素A(Cecropin A,CA)是来源于惜古比天蚕(Hyalophoracecropia)的含有37个氨基酸的抗菌肽,在非极性环境中形成α螺旋型结构,具有抗菌活性强、抗菌谱广等特点。为降低天蚕素A对宿主的毒性及提高其表达丰度和稳定性,在序列分析的基础上设计了3条天蚕素A氨基酸序列,分别为CA19、CA36和CA210。根据大肠杆菌密码子的偏爱性分别合成相应的3对寡核苷酸链,并通过重叠PCR方法合成成熟肽CA。将含有CA19、CA36、CA210和CA1~5个拷贝基因的质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)和BLR(DE3)PlysS,成功构建了串连融合表达载体,为下一步的抗菌活性及免疫表位的分析打下基础。  相似文献   

11.
Antibacterial activity of 15-residue lactoferricin derivatives.   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
Lactoferricins are a class of antibacterial peptides isolated after gastric-pepsin digest of the mammalian iron-chelating-protein lactoferrin. For investigation of antibacterial activity, we prepared short synthetic derivatives of bovine, human, caprine, murine and porcine lactoferricins with 15-amino-acid residues of high sequence homology. The peptides corresponded to amino-acid residues 17-31 of the mature bovine lactoferrin. Only the bovine and caprine derivatives displayed measurable antibacterial activity, with the bovine one having a minimal inhibitory concentration of 24 microM and being 10 times more active than the caprine one against Escherichia coli. An alanine-scan of the bovine lactoferricin derivative was performed to identify specific amino acids that were important for the antibacterial activity. We found that neither of the two tryptophan residues (Trp 6 and Trp 8) present in the bovine lactoferricin derivative could be replaced by alanine without a major loss of antibacterial activity. The other lactoferricin derivatives tested contained only one tryptophan residue (Trp 6). Modified human, caprine and porcine lactoferricin derivatives containing two tryptophan residues (Trp 6 and Trp 8) displayed minimal inhibitory concentrations of 74, 174 and 219 microM, respectively, which represented up to a six-fold increase in antibacterial activity. The alanine-scan also revealed that the antibacterial activity was increased when acetamidomethyl-protected cysteine and unprotected glutamine (Cys 3 and Gln 7) were replaced with alanine. Only the bovine lactoferricin derivative and a few of its alanine-modified derivatives displayed measurable activity against Staphylococcus aureus.  相似文献   

12.
The antimicrobial activity of bovine lactoferrin is attributed to lactoferricin, situated in the N1-domain. Based on common features of antimicrobial peptides, a second putative antimicrobial domain was identified in the N1-domain of lactoferrin, designated lactoferrampin. This novel peptide exhibited candidacidal activity, which was substantially higher than the activity of lactoferrin. Furthermore, lactoferrampin was active against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but not against the fermenting bacteria Actinomyces naeslundii, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguis. Notably, lactoferrampin is located in the N1-domain in close proximity to lactoferricin, which plays a crucial role in membrane-mediated activities of lactoferrin.  相似文献   

13.
Antimicrobial peptides bovine lactoferricin (LfcinB) and human lactoferricin (LfcinH) are produced from the respective lactoferrin, but are more active than their precursors. Despite sequence homology, the bovine peptide and its derivatives are more active than their human homologs. Such differences between not only the peptides and their precursor but also between the bovine and the human peptides could relate to structural differences. Upon sequence alignment of both peptides with their parental proteins, the structural differences observed between the bovine lactoferrin (BLf) and LfcinB were also found between the human lactoferrin (HLf) and the LfcinH. The helical structures in HLf are replaced by beta-strands separated by a strong turn in LfcinH suggesting an antiparallel beta-sheet structure similar to LfcinB. MIC assays with HLP-2 and BLP-2, 11-residue peptides derived from the active core of both Lfcins, against Escherichia coli, showed that the bovine derivative, BLP-2, is more active than its human homolog HLP-2. Both 3D models for HLP-2 and BLP-2 showed that the beta-strand is centred between the aromatic residues giving both side chains the same orientations. The displacement towards the N-terminus observed for the beta-strand in HLP-2, compared with its central location in BLP-2, could be less favourable to membrane interaction and therefore responsible for the decrease in activity. Such a model suggests for LfcinH a mechanism similar to the one observed for LfcinB, where the absence of long-range interaction, present in lactoferrin, destabilises the first alpha helix, as observed in solution and, upon interaction with the membrane, could result in the formation of a beta-strand, as observed in the presence of LPS. The location of the beta-strand in relation to the positive charges, seems to define the efficiency of the activity of the peptide and may explain the difference in activity obtained between HLP-2 and BLP-2.  相似文献   

14.
LFM W8 is a synthetic 15-residue lactoferricin derivative (H2N-EKCLRWQWEMRKVGG-COOH), corresponding to residues 16-30 of the mature murine lactoferrin protein except that the asparagine residue in position 8 of the native peptide is replaced with tryptophan. We have previously reported that the two tryptophan residues in positions 6 and 8 are of crucial importance for the antibacterial activity of many lactoferricin derivatives but, despite fulfilling this requirement, LFM W8 is inactive against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. In order to solve this puzzle, a quantitative structure-antibacterial activity relationship study of synthetic LFM W8 derivatives was performed by replacing the glutamate residues in positions 1 and 9 with arginine or alanine, and the valine residue in position 13 with tyrosine. The results from the study were analyzed using multivariate data analysis. The derived mathematical model clustered the peptides into distinct groups which reflected their antibacterial activities, pointed out correlations between different structural parameters, highlighted the structural parameters that were important for antibacterial activity, and enabled us to predict the activity of a 15-residue bovine lactoferricin derivative. The results showed that net charge and micelle affinity, as determined from the ratio of alpha-helicity in sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles and in 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol, were the most important structural parameters affecting antibacterial activity. The most active derivative, LFM R1,9 W8 Y13, displayed a minimal inhibitory concentration of 10 and 12 microM against E. coli and S. aureus, respectively. This represented more than 50-fold and 40-fold increases in antibacterial activity, respectively, compared with LFM W8.  相似文献   

15.
Bovine lactoferricin is a 25-residue antibacterial peptide isolated after gastric cleavage of the iron transporting protein lactoferrin. A 15-residue fragment, FKCRRWQWRMKKLGA of this peptide sustains most of the antibacterial activity. In this truncated sequence, the two Trp residues are found to be essential for antibacterial activity. The anchoring properties of Trp, as have been observed in membrane proteins, are believed to be important for the interaction of Trp containing antibacterial peptides with bacterial cell membranes. We have investigated the molecular properties which make Trp important for the antibacterial activity of the 15-residue peptide by replacing Trp with natural and unnatural aromatic amino acids. This series of peptides was tested for antibacterial activity against Echerichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. We found that neither the hydrogen bonding ability nor the amphipathicity of the indole system are essential properties for the effect of Trp on the antibacterial activity of the peptides. Replacement of Trp with residues containing aromatic hydrocarbon side chains gave the most active peptides. We propose that aromatic hydrocarbon residues are able to position themselves deeper into the bacterial cell membrane, making the peptide more efficient in disrupting the bacterial cell membrane. From our results the size, shape and aromatic character of Trp seem to be the most important features for the activity of this class of Trp containing antibacterial peptides.  相似文献   

16.
Anti-complement effects of lactoferrin-derived peptides   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Lactoferrin is an important biological molecule with many functions such as modulation of the inflammatory response, iron metabolism and antimicrobial defense. One effect of lactoferrin is the inhibition of the classical complement pathway. This study reports that antimicrobial peptides derived from the N-terminal region from both human and bovine lactoferrin, lactoferricin H and lactoferricin B, respectively, inhibit the classical complement pathway. No inhibitory effect of these peptides was observed on the alternative complement pathway in an AP50 assay. However, lactoferricin B reduced the inhibitory properties of serum against Escherichia coli in a concentration dependent manner. These results suggest that the N-terminal region of lactoferrin is the important part in the inhibition of complement activation and that these peptides possess other important properties than their antimicrobial effect.  相似文献   

17.
Lactoferricin and lactoferrampin are two antimicrobial peptides found in the N-terminal lobe of bovine lactoferrin with broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as Candida albicans. A heterodimer comprised of lactoferrampin joined to a fragment of lactoferricin was recently reported in which these two peptides were joined at their C-termini through the two amino groups of a single Lys residue (Bolscher et al., 2009, Biochimie 91(1):123-132). This hybrid peptide, termed LFchimera, has significantly higher antimicrobial activity compared to the individual peptides or an equimolar mixture of the two. In this work, the underlying mechanism behind the increased antibacterial activity of LFchimera was investigated. Differential scanning calorimetry studies demonstrated that all the peptides influenced the thermotropic phase behaviour of anionic phospholipid suspensions. Calcein leakage and vesicle fusion experiments with anionic liposomes revealed that LFchimera had enhanced membrane perturbing properties compared to the individual peptides. Peptide structures were evaluated using circular dichroism and NMR spectroscopy to gain insight into the structural features of LFchimera that contribute to the increased antimicrobial activity. The NMR solution structure, determined in a miscible co-solvent mixture of chloroform, methanol and water, revealed that the Lys linkage increased the helical content in LFchimera compared to the individual peptides, but it did not fix the relative orientations of lactoferricin and lactoferrampin with respect to each other. The structure of LFchimera provides insight into the conformation of this peptide in a membranous environment and improves our understanding of its antimicrobial mechanism of action.  相似文献   

18.
Lactoferrin is a member of the transferrin family of iron-binding proteins with a number of properties, including antibacterial activity against a broad spectrum of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. bovine lactoferrin cDNA was isolated, cloned and expressed as a fusion protein. The amino acid sequence of the fusion was analyzed and compared with other species. Crystallographic data were used to compare structural differences between bovine and human lactoferrin in 3-D models. A thioredoxin fusion protein was expressed and shown to have a different molecular weight compared with native bLf. After purification using Ni-NTA, the yield of recombinant bovine lactoferrin was 15.3 mg/l with a purity of 90.3 %. Recombinant bLf and pepsin-digested rbLf peptides demonstrated antibacterial activity of 79.8 and 86.9 %, respectively. The successful expression of functional, active and intact rbLf allows us to study the biochemical interactions of antimicrobial proteins and peptides and will facilitate their study as immunomodulators.  相似文献   

19.
The iron-binding protein lactoferrin is a multifunctional protein that has antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antitumour, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory properties. All of these additional properties appear to be related to its highly basic N-terminal region. This part of the protein can be released in the stomach by pepsin cleavage at acid pH. The 25-residue antimicrobial peptide that is released is called lactoferricin. In this work, we review our knowledge about the structure of the peptide and attempt to relate this to its many functions. Microcalorimetry and fluorescence spectroscopy data regarding the interaction of the peptide with model membranes show that binding to net negatively charged bacterial and cancer cell membranes is preferred over neutral eukaryotic membranes. Binding of the peptide destabilizes the regular membrane bilayer structure. Residues that are of particular importance for the activity of lactoferricin are tryptophan and arginine. These two amino acids are also prevalent in "penetratins", which are regions of proteins or synthetic peptides that can spontaneously cross membranes and in short hexapeptide antimicrobial peptides derived through combinatorial chemistry. While the antimicrobial, antifungal, antitumour, and antiviral properties of lactoferricin can be related to the Trp/Arg-rich portion of the peptide, we suggest that the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties are more related to a positively charged region of the molecule, which, like the alpha- and beta-defensins, may act as a chemokine. Few small peptides are involved in as wide a range of host defense functions as bovine and human lactoferricin.  相似文献   

20.
A modified tryptophan, beta-[2-(2,2,5,7,8-pentamethylchroman-6-sulphonyl)-indol-3-yl]alanine, Trp(2-Pmc) = Tpc has been synthesized. Replacement of tryptophan in a bovine lactoferricin model peptide with the modified tryptophan resulted in peptides with a substantially increased antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The most active peptides against each bacterial strain displayed minimal inhibitory concentrations of 7.5 microg/ml.  相似文献   

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